An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 59 Search : press
acoustic pressure
  فشار ِ صدا   
fešâr-e sedâ

Fr.: pression acoustique   

Same as → sound pressure.

acoustic; → pressure.

compress
  تنجیدن   
tanjidan (#)

Fr.: comprimer   

To press together; force into less space.

From O.Fr. compresser, from L. compressare "to press together," from comprimere "to squeeze," from → com- "together" + premere "to press;" PIE *prem-/*pres- "to strike."

Tanjidan "to squeeze, press, pull together," related to tang "tight," also "horse girth, a strap for fastening a load" (Mid.Pers. tang "tight, narrow"); cf. Skt. tanákti "draws together, contracts;" cognate with E. → tight; cp. Skt. tanákti "draws together, contracts;" M.H.G. dihte "dense, thick;" Ger. dicht "dense, tight;" O.H.G. gidigan; Ger. gediegen "genuine, solid, worthy;" PIE *tenk- "to thicken, clot; thick, solid."

compressed
  تنجیده   
tanjidé (#)

Fr.: comprimé   

Pressed into less space; condensed.

Past participle of → compress.

compressed air
  هوا‌ی ِ تنجیده   
havâ-ye tanjidé

Fr.: air comprimé   

Air whose density is increased by being subjected to a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.

compressed; → air.

compressibility
  تنجش‌پذیری   
tanješpaziri

Fr.: compressibilité   

The ability or quality to be reduced in volume. The coefficient of compressibility of a substance is given by c = (1/V).(δV/δp), where δV is the change in the volume resulting from a change of pressure δp, the temperature remaining constant.

Noun from → compressible.

compressible
  تنجیدنی، تنجش‌پذیر   
tanjidani, tanješpazir

Fr.: compressible   

Able to be reduced in volume. → compressible flow.

Adjective from → compress + -ible, variant of -able.

Tanjidani, tanješpazir from tanjidan, → compress, + adjective suffix -i; tanješpazir from tanješ, → compression, + pazir "receiving, admitting; having, endowed with;" → -able.

compressible flow
  تچان ِ تنجیدنی، ~ تنجش‌پذیر   
tacân-e tanjidani, ~ tanješpazir

Fr.: flot compressible   

A flow in which changes of the density, induced by velocities and their fluctuations, are not negligible.

compressible; → flow.

compression
  تنجش   
tanješ (#)

Fr.: compression   

The act or process of compressing; the state of being compressed.

Verbal noun from → compress.

compression factor
  کروند ِ تنجش   
karvand-e tanješ

Fr.: facteur de compression   

In thermodynamics, the quantity Z = pVm/RT, in which P is the gas pressure, Vm the molar volume, R the gas constant, and T the temperature. The compression factor is a measure of the deviation of a real gas from an ideal gas. For an ideal gas the compression factor is equal to 1.

compression; → facteur.

compression wave
  موج ِ تنجش   
mowj-e tanješ

Fr.: onde de compression   

A → longitudinal wave that compresses the → medium along the direction of → propagation, such as a → sound wave. Same as → compressional wave.

compression; → wave.

compressional
  تنجشی   
tanješi (#)

Fr.: de compression   

Of or relating to → compression.

compression; → -al.

compressional wave
  موج ِ تنجشی   
mowj-e tanješi

Fr.: onde de compression   

An → elastic wave that travels through a → medium with the particles of the medium moving in the same direction as the wave propagation. The compressional wave is the wave that is primarily used in → seismic exploration. Also called P-wave, primary wave, pressure wave.

compressional; → wave.

Compton suppression
  نهاوش ِ کامپتون   
nehâveš-e Compton

Fr.: suppression de Compton   

In → gamma ray → spectroscopy, a technique to reduce the contribution of gamma rays generated by → Compton scattering.

Compton; → suppression.

Coulomb pressure
  فشار ِ کولن   
fešâr-e Coulomb

Fr.: pression de Coulomb   

The repulsive interaction due to the → Coulomb energy between two ions. If the ionic charge is Z, then the Coulomb potential energy is Z2e2/a, where a is some typical separation between the ions. The Coulomb pressure is expected to become important when the ratio ΓC = Z2e2/akT is much larger than 1. In that case, Coulomb effects dominate those of → thermal agitation and the gas settles down into a → crystal.

Coulomb; → pressure.

decompress
  واتنجیدن   
vâtanjidan

Fr.: décomprimer   

To cause to undergo → decompression.

de- + → compress.

decompression
  واتنجش   
vâtanješ

Fr.: décompression   

1) A gradual decrease in surrounding → pressure, especially the controlled decrease in pressure that divers undergo after working in deep water or breathing compressed air.
2) Computers: The restoration of compressed electronic data to their full size.

de- + → compression.

degeneracy pressure
  فشار ِ واگنی   
fešâr-e vâgeni (#)

Fr.: pression de dégénérescence   

Pressure in a degenerate electron or neutron gas. → degenerate matter.

degeneracy; → pressure.

depression
  ۱) نشیب ِ افق؛ ۲) فروبار؛ ۳) نشیب‌لاخ   
1) našib-e ofoq; 2) forubâr; 3)

Fr.: dépression   

1) Navigation:dip.
2) Meteorology: An area of low atmospheric pressure.
3) Geology: An area of the Earth's crust sunken or depressed below the surrounding area, formed by various mechanisms.

Depression, verbal noun of depress, from O.Fr. depresser, from L.L. depressare, frequentative of pressus, p.p. of deprimere "press down," from → de- "down" + premere "to press."

1) Našib-e ofoq, from našib "declivity, descent; lowness of ground, slope of any place" (Mid.Pers. nišēp "declivity, (astrology) dejection," Av. *nixšvaēpā-, xšvaēpā- "bottom, rear") + ofoqhorizon. 2) Forubâr, from foru "down, downward; below; beneath," → de- + bâr "load, pressure, charge," → charge. 3) Našiblâx, from našib, as above, in item 1, + -lâx place suffix.

dynamic pressure
  فشار ِ توانیک   
fešâr-e tavânik

Fr.: pression dynamique   

A property of a moving → fluid defined by (1/2)ρv2 in → Bernoulli's law, where ρ is → density of fluid and v is → velocity. Dynamic pressure is the difference between → total pressure and → static pressure. Also called → velocity pressure. → ram pressure.

dynamic; → pressure.

express
  زهاویدن   
zohâvidan

Fr.: exprimer   

1) To transform ideas into words; utter or state.
2) Math: To → transform into equivalent → terms. For example by → expanding or → factorizing an → expression. See also → suppress, → impress.

M.E. expressen, O.Fr. espresser "to press, squeeze out; speak one's mind," M.L. expressare, frequentative of exprimere "represent, describe," literally "to press out," from → ex- "out" + pressare "to press, push," from L. premere "to press, hold fast, cover, compress."

Zohâvidan, from zo- variant of os- "out," → ex-, + hâv, from Av. hau- "to press, squeeze out;" cf. Mid.Pers. hunîdan "to express, extract (juice)," hâwan "mortar;" akin to Skt. sav- "to press, press out;" O.H.G. sou, O.E. sēaw "juice;" + -idan infinitive suffix.

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