An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
Meteor Crater
  لاوک ِ شهاب‌سنگ، کندال ِ ~، ~ آسمان‌سنگ   
lâvak-e šahâbsang, kandâl-e ~, ~ âsmânsang

Fr.: Meteor Crater   

A → meteorite impact crater located about 55 km east of Flagstaff, near Winslow in the northern Arizona desert of the United States. Meteor Crater is about 1,200 m in diameter and some 170 m deep. It is thought to have formed between 20,000 to 50,000 years ago, by the impact of a small → asteroid about 25 m in diameter. Same as → Barringer Crater.

meteor; → crater.

meteor echo
  پژواک ِ شهاب   
pažvâk-e šahâb

Fr.: écho de météore   

The reflection of → radio waves from transmitters located on the ground by a → meteor or by the corresponding trail left behind. When a meteor enters the Earth's upper atmosphere it excites the air molecules, producing a streak of light and leaving a trail of ionization behind it tens of kilometers long. This ionized trail occurs typically at a height of about 85 to 105 km, and may persist for less than 1 second up to several minutes.

meteor; → echo.

meteor shower
  باران ِ شهابی، رگبار ِ ~، تندبار ِ ~   
bârân-e šahâbi, ragbâr-e ~, tondbâr-e ~ (#)

Fr.: averse de météores, pluie de ~   

An increased number of → meteors all appearing to → diverge from the direction of a single point, called → radiant. Meteor showers occur → annually on the same dates, when the Earth crosses through a → meteoroid stream. Meteor showers are named after the → constellation in which the radiant is located. For example, the → Perseids's radiant lies near the top of the constellation Perseus. Most meteor showers are caused by → comets. As a comet orbits the Sun it sheds an icy, dusty → debris stream along its orbit. When the Earth's orbit intersects the dust trail, more meteors are seen as the cometary debris encounters our planet's → atmosphere. In the case of the → Geminids and → Quadrantids, those meteor showers come from the debris scattered by orbiting → asteroids. Typical meteor showers show 15 to 100 meteors per hour at their peak. On very rare occasions, during a → meteor storm, thousands of meteors fall per hour. Prominent meteor showers are: → Quadrantids, → Lyrids, → Eta Aquariids, → Delta Aquariids, → Perseids, → Orionids, → Taurids, → Leonids, → Geminids, → Ursids, → Alpha Capricornids.

meteor; → shower.

meteor storm
  توفان ِ شهابی   
tufân-e šahâbi (#)

Fr.: orage de météorites   

An extremely intense → meteor shower, in which hundreds or even many thousands of → meteors per hour may be observed. During the great → Leonids meteor storm of 1833 an estimated number of about 150,000 meteors fell per hour.

meteor; → storm.

meteoric ionization
  یونش ِ شهاب‌سنگی، ~ ِ آسمان‌سنگی   
yoneš-e šahâbsangi, ~ âsmânsangi

Fr.: ionisation météoritique   

The ionization of air molecules by the heat generated when a meteorite enters the atmosphere.

meteorite, → ionization.

meteorite
  شخانه، شهاب‌سنگ، آسمان‌سنگ   
šaxâné (#), šahâbsang (#), âsmânsang (#)

Fr.: météorite   

An object of → extraterrestrial origin that survives entry through the atmosphere to reach the Earth's surface. → Meteors become meteorites if they reach the ground. See also → stony meteorite, → iron meteorite, → stony-iron meteorite, → chondrite, → micrometeorite , → achondrite, → CAI meteorite, → differentiated meteorite, → undifferentiated meteorite, → Hoba meteorite, → Jilin meteorite, → Martian meteorite, → meteorite flux.

From → meteor + -ite a suffix of nouns.

Šaxâné "metor," may be from šaxudan, šaxânidan "to scratch, to thrust, to assail," as the meteor light scratches the dark night.
Šahâbsang, from šahâb, → meteor, + sang, → stone.
Âsmânsang, from âsmân, → sky, + sang, → stone.

meteorite flux
  شار ِ شخانه‌ای   
šâr-e šaxâne-yi

Fr.: flux de météorites   

The total mass of extraterrestrial objects that land on Earth during a given time period. The meteorite flux is currently estimated to be about 107 to 109 kg yr-1. Much of this material is dust-sized objects called → micrometeorites.

meteorite; → flux.

meteoritic
  شخانه‌ای، شهاب‌سنگی   
šaxâne-yi, šahâbsangi (#)

Fr.: météoritique   

Of or pertaining to a → meteorite.

From → meteorite + → -ic.

meteoritic abundance
  فراوانی ِ شخانه‌ای، ~ شهاب‌سنگی   
farâvâni-ye šaxâne-yi, ~ šahânsangi

Fr.: abondance météoritique   

The abundance of a chemical element as derived from meteorites. Meteoritic abundances measured from carbonaceous → CI chondrites are believed to represent → protosolar abundances.

meteoritic; → abundance.

meteoritic impact
  برخورد ِ شخانه‌ای   
barxord-e šaxâne-yi

Fr.: impact météoritique   

A striking of a meteorite against another body, especially the solar system planets or satellites.

meteoritic; → impact.

meteoritics
  شخانیک، شهاب‌سنگ‌شناسی، شهاب‌سنگیک   
šaxânik, šahâbsangšenâsi, šahâbsangik

Fr.: météoritiqu   

The science or study of meteorites.

meteorite + → -ics.

meteoroid
  شخانه‌وار   
šaxânevâr (#)

Fr.: météoroïde   

A solid object in → interplanetary space before it reaches the Earth's atmosphere. Meteoroids are of → silicate and/or → metallic matter having a size from tiniest grains up to that of the smallest → asteroids.

meteor; → -oid.

meteoroid stream
  رابه‌ی ِ شخانه‌وار   
râbeh-ye šaxânevâr

Fr.: courants de météoroïdes   

The meteoroids distributed all along an → orbit and diffused somewhat around it.

meteoroid; → stream.

meteoroid swarm
  غنگ ِ شخانه‌وار   
qang-e šaxânevâr

Fr.: essaim de météoroïdes   

A relatively dense collection of meteoroids at certain spots along some → meteoroid streams.

meteoroid; → swarm.

meteorological observation
  نپاهش ِ هواشناختی   
napâheš-e havâšenâxti

Fr.: observation météorologique   

Evaluation or measurement of one or more meteorological elements.

Meteorological, of or pertaining to → meteorology; → observation.

meteorological observatory
  نپاهشگاه ِ هواشناختی   
nepâhešgâh-e havâšenâxti

Fr.: observatoire météorologique   

A scientific establishment dedicated to making precise and detailed meteorological observations and to studying and forecasting atmospheric phenomena by means of special equipments.

Meteorological, of or pertaining to → meteorology; → observatory.

meteorology
  هواشناسی   
havâšenâsi (#)

Fr.: météorologie   

The study of the physics, chemistry, and dynamics of the Earth's atmosphere, including the related effects at the air-earth boundary over both land and the oceans.

From Gk. meteorologia "discussion of celestial phenomena," from meteoronmeteor + -logia, &rarr-logy.

Havâšenâsi, from havâ "weather, air," → air.

meter
  متر   
metr (#)

Fr.: mètre   

The → SI unit of length; symbol m. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the → speed of light in vacuum, c, to be 299 792 458 when expressed in the unit m/s, where the → second is defined in terms of ΔνCs.

From Fr. mètre, from Gk. metron "measure," from PIE base *me- "to measure" (cf. O.Pers., Av. mā- "to measure;" Skt. mati "measures;" L. metri "to measure").

Metr, loan from Fr.

methane
  متان   
metân (#)

Fr.: méthane   

A colorless, odorless, inflammable gas gas of formula CH4; the simplest hydrocarbon.

From meth- a combining form representing methyl + -ane a suffix used in names of hydrocarbons of the methane or paraffin series.

methanol
  متانول   
metânol (#)

Fr.: méthanol, alcool méthylique   

Alcohol, also known as methyl alcohol, formula CH3OH, formed in small quantities in the oxidation of methane. → methanol maser.

From → methane + -ol a suffix used in the names of chemical derivatives.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>