An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
seldom
  پرزانه   
perzâné

Fr.: rarement   

Not → often; rarely.

M.E., from O.E. seldum, variant of seldan; cognate with Ger. selten, Goth. silda-, Dutch zelden.

Adverb from perz, → rare.

select
  گزیدن   
gozidan (#)

Fr.: sélectionner, choisir   

To choose from among several.

From L. selectus, p.p. of seligere "to choose out, gather apart," from se- "apart" + legere "to gather, select."

Gozidan "to select, choose;" Mid.Pers. vicitan, wizidan, wizin- "to choose, select, discriminate," related to cin-, cidan "to gather, collect;" Av. vicidāi- "to discern," viciθa- "separation, discernment;" from vi- "apart, away from" (O.Pers. viy- "apart, away;" cf. Skt. vi- "apart, asunder, away, out;" L. vitare "to avoid, turn aside") + kay- "to choose;" cf. Skt. ci- "to gather, heap up," cinoti "gathers."

selection rule
  رزن ِ گزینش   
razan-e gozineš

Fr.: règle de sélection   

Any of a set of rules specifying the relationships between the → quantum numbers that characterize the initial and final states of a quantum-mechanical system in a → discrete transition. Transitions that do not agree with the selection rules are called → forbidden and have considerably lower probability. There are several types of selection rules (→ rigorous selection rule, → LS coupling, etc.) for → electric dipole transition (→ permitted), → magnetic dipole (forbidden), electric → quadrupole (forbidden), etc.

Selection, verbal noun of → select; → rule.

selective absorption
  درشم ِ گزینشی   
daršam-e gozineši

Fr.: absorption sélective   

Absorption which varies with the wavelength of radiation incident upon an absorbing substance.

Selective, verbal noun of → select; → absorption.

selective scattering
  پراکنش ِ گزینشی   
parâkaneš-e gozineši

Fr.: diffusion sélective   

A type of scattering that occurs when certain → particles are more effective at scattering a particular → wavelength of light, as in → Rayleigh scattering.

selective; → scattering.

selenehelion
  ماه‌گرفت ِ افقی   
mâhgereft-e ofoqi

Fr.: selenelion   

Same as → horizontal eclipse.

From Gk. selene "Moon," related to sela "light, brightness, flame," + helion, → sun.

horizontal eclipse.

selenelion
  ماه‌گرفت ِ افقی   
mâhgereft-e ofoqi

Fr.: selenelion   

Same as → horizontal eclipse.

From Fr. selenelion, contraction of → selenehelion.

horizontal eclipse.

selenocentric
  ماه‌مرکزی   
mâh-markazi

Fr.: sélénocentrique   

Referring to or pertaining to the center of the Moon.

Formed on the model of → geocentric, from seleno- combining form of Gk. selene "moon" + -centric, from → center + → -ic.

Mâh-markazi, from mâh, → moon, + markazi, from markaz, → center, + -i, → -ic.

selenocentric gravitational constant
  پایای ِ گرانشی ماه‌مرکزی   
pâyâ-ye gerâneši-ye mâh-markazi

Fr.: constante gravitationnelle sélénocentrique   

A parameter representing the product of the → gravitational constant by the → lunar mass. It is 49.03 x 1011 m3 s-2.

selenocentric; → gravitational; → constant.

selenography
  ماه‌نگاری   
mâh-negâri (#)

Fr.: sélénographie   

Topographic description and charting of the surface of the Moon.

From seleno- combining form of Gk. selene "moon" + → -graphy.

Mâh-negâri, from mâh, → moon + negâri, → -graphy.

self-
  خود-   
xod- (#)

Fr.: auto-   

A combining form of self with a range of related meanings.

From M.E., from O.E. self, seolf, sylf "one's own person, same;" cf. O.Fris. self, Du. zelf, O.H.G. selb, Ger. selbst.

Xod-, from xod; Mid.Pers. xwad "self; indeed;" Av. hva- "self, own."

self-absorption
  خود-درشم   
xod-daršam

Fr.: auto-absorption   

The decrease in the radiation from a material caused by the absorption of a part of the radiation by the material itself.

self-; → absorption.

self-awareness
  خود-آگاهی، خویشتن‌آگاهی   
xod-âgâhi, xištan-âgâhi

Fr.: connaissance de soi   

The → state or → condition of being aware of one's own → personality or → individuality.

self-; → awareness.

self-gravitating
  خود-گراننده   
xod-gerânandé

Fr.: auto-gravitant   

The characteristic of a system of masses, such as a star, kept together by mutual gravity.

self; → gravitate.

self-gravity
  خود-گرانی   
xod-gerâni

Fr.: auto-gravité   

The → gravitational attraction of a system of masses, such of a planet, that allows the system to be held together by their mutual gravity. Self-gravity between atoms allows a → star to hold together, despite tremendous temperature and pressure. Similarly, to be considered a → planet, a body must have enough mass so that its self-gravity pulls it into a near-spherical shape.

self-; → gravity.

self-inductance
  خود-درهازندگی   
xod-darhâzandegi

Fr.: auto-inductance   

The inductance associated with an isolated electric circuit that is characteristic of the circuit's physical design.

self-; → inductance.

self-induction
  خود-درهازش   
xod-darhâzeš

Fr.: auto-induction   

The generation of a voltage in a circuit due to self-inductance, the polarity of which tends to oppose the changing current in the circuit.

self-; → induction.

self-shadowed disk
  گرده‌ی ِ خود-پرده، دیسک ِ ~   
gerde-ye xod-pardé, disk-e ~

Fr.: disque auto-écranté   

A model of → accretion disk around a → pre-main sequence star or a → protostar in which the outer parts of the disk are geometrically flat, in contrast to a → flared disk. Inward of a certain radius (0.5-1 AU from the star) the dust in the disk evaporates. Because the dust is the main source of opacity and the gas in the disk is usually optically thin, the irradiation burns a hole in the disk. Moreover, the inner rim puffs up, similarly to the case of flared disks. The difference lies in the outer parts. The inner rim casts its shadow over the disk all the way out. Since the disk thickness is almost constant, no photons can reach the surface of the disk and the outer parts of the disk remain shadowed by the inner rim and the midplane temperatures decrease accordingly. This model explains the observed → spectral energy distribution of some pre-main sequence stars, such as HD 101412. It also accounts for the observed weak → far infraredexcess, weak or no → PAH emission, and weak or no [O I] emission.

self-; → shadow; → disk.

Gerdé, → disk; xod-, → self-; pardé, → screen.

self-shielding
  خود-سپرکرد   
xod-separkard

Fr.: auto-écrantage   

The phenomenon whereby the → photodissociation transitions of a molecule in interstellar clouds become → optically thick, so that the molecule in question is "shielded" by other molecules against dissociating stellar → far-ultraviolet (FUV) photons. In the case of → molecular hydrogen (H2), when the → column density exceeds 1014 cm-2, the UV absorption bands become optically thick, and H2 undergoes self-shielding. More specifically, all of the photons that could lead to UV photodissociation are absorbed by H2 in the outer layers of the cloud, hence protecting the H2 within the cloud. Self-shielding occurs in → diffuse interstellar clouds exposed to the interstellar → radiation field or in → molecular clouds in proximity to sources of UV photons. Dust can also absorb UV photons, further limiting the photodissociation, but it dominates only when the local UV radiation field is unusually intense relative to the density of the cloud.

self-; → shield; → -ing.

self-similar
  خودهمانند   
xod-hamânad

Fr.: auto-similaire   

1) Of a geometric figure, having a structure analogous or identical to its overall structure. → fractal.
2) The quality of a variable entity in which the shape does not change with time, such as a → self-similar process.

self-; → similar.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>