An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
elliptical galaxy
  کهکشان ِ بیضی‌گون   
kahkašân-e beyzigun (#)

Fr.: galaxie elliptique   

A galaxy whose structure is smooth without spiral arms and ellipsoidal in shape. Ellipticals are redder than spirals of similar mass. Giant ellipticals contain over 1012 solar masses, whereas dwarf ellipticals have masses as low as 107 solar masses.

elliptical; → galaxy.

elliptical polarization
  قطبش ِ بیضی‌گون   
qotbeš-e beyzigub

Fr.: polarization elliptique   

The → polarization of an → electromagnetic radiation in which the electric vector at any point in the path of the beam describes an ellipse in a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction. Elliptical polarization results from the combination of two perpendicular → linearly polarized waves whose → phase difference is other than 0, 90, or 180°. The form of the ellipse is determined by the amplitudes of the component waves and the phase difference. → Linear polarization and → circular polarization can be considered as limiting cases of elliptical polarization.

elliptical; → polarization.

elliptically polarized light
  نور ِ قطبیده‌ی ِ بیضی‌گون   
nur-e qotbide-ye beyzigun

Fr.: lumière polarisée elliptiquement   

Light exhibiting → elliptical polarization.

elliptic; → polarized; → light.

ellipticity
  بیضیگی   
beyzigi

Fr.: ellipticité   

The degree of divergence of an ellipse from a circle.

From elliptic-, from elliptical + → -ity.

Beyzigi, from beyzi, → ellipse, + -igi, → -ity.

Elnath (β Tau)
  ناطح، شاخزن   
Nâteh (#), šâxzan (#)

Fr.: Alnath   

Same as → Alnath.

Alnath.

elongate
  درازیدن   
derâzidan

Fr.: allonger   

To draw out to greater length; lengthen; extend.

From L.L. elongatus "lengthened out," p.p. of elongare "to make longer, to remove to a distance," from → ex- "out" + longus "long;" PIE base *dlonghos- "long;" cf. Av. darəga-, darəγa- "long," drājištəm "longest;" Mod.Pers. derâz "long," dir "late; long;" Skt. dīrghá- "long (in space and time);" Gk. dolikhos "long;" P.Gmc. *langgaz (Ger. lang; O.N. langr; M.Du. lanc; Goth. laggs "long;" E. long).

DerâzidanDerâzeš "to elongate," from derâz "long," Mid.Pers. drâz "long;" Av. darəga-, darəγa- "long," drājištəm "longest;" PIE *dlonghos- "long," as above.

elongated
  درازیده، کشیده   
derâzidé, kešidé

Fr.: allongé   

Made longer; long and narrow.

Past participle of → elongate.

elongated orbit
  مدار ِ کشیده، ~ درازیده   
madâr-e derâzidé, ~ kašidé

Fr.: orbite allongée   

An → elliptical orbit with a high → eccentricity.

elongated; → orbit.

elongation
  درازش   
derâzeš

Fr.: élongation   

1) Increase in length per unit of original length.
2) The angular distance of a planet from the Sun as seen from the Earth. An elongation of 0° is called → conjunction; one of 180° is called → opposition; and an elongation of 90° is called → quadrature.

elongate; → -tion.

Elsasser number
  عدد ِ الزسر   
adad-e Elsasser

Fr.: nombre d'Elsasser   

A → dimensionless quantity used in → magnetohydrodynamics to describe the relative balance of → Lorentz forces to → Coriolis forces. It is given by: Λ = σB2/(ρΩ), where σ s the → electrical conductivity of the fluid, B is the typical → magnetic field strength within the fluid, ρ is the fluid → density, and Ω is the → angular velocity. A typical value for the Earth is Λ ~ 1.

Named after Walter Maurice Elsasser (1904-1991), American theoretical physicist of German origin; → number.

Eltanin (Gamma Draconis)
  تنین   
Tannin (#)

Fr.: Eltanin   

The brightest star in the constellation → Draco, with a visual magnitude of V = 2.23 and color B - V +1.52. It is a cool (4000 K) → giant star of spectral Type K5 III, lying 148 → light-years. Gamma Draconis has a luminosity 600 times that of the Sun and a diameter 50 times that of the Sun. It crosses the sky near the zenith point for England, a nd this was the reason why James Bradley (1693-1762) observed γ Draconis when he was trying to detect parallax and so calculate the distance. He found that the star undergoes a yearly shift of a form quite different from that expected from parallax. In a 1728 paper, Bradley announced his discovery and explained the effect as due to the → aberration of starlight . Variant names: Etamin, Etanin; Ettanin, other designations: HR 6705, HD 164058.

From Ar. At-Tinnin (التنین) "the great serpent," the Ar. rendition of the Greek constellation → Draco.

elve
  الف   
elf

Fr.: elfe   

A transient upper atmospheric phenomenon occurring over a → thunderstorm in the lower → ionosphere. Elves result from especially powerful electromagnetic radiation pulses that are generated from certain lightning discharges (→ sprite). As the energy passes upwards through the base of the ionosphere it causes the gases to briefly glow for less than a thousandth of a second. This makes elves virtually impossible to see with the naked eye. Elves occur at a height of around 90-95 km, and can expand outward to several hundred kilometers in diameter, like giant expanding doughnuts.

Short for: Emission of Light and Very low-frequency perturbations from Electromagnetic pulse sources.

From E. elf "(in folklore) a small often malicious fairy; goblin; sprite;" O.E. elf, ælf, ylfe; cf. O.S. alf, O.N. alfr, Ger. alp, of unknown origin.

emanate
  رونمودن   
runemudan (#)

Fr.: émaner   

To flow out, issue, or proceed, as from a source or origin; come forth; originate; arise (Dictionary.com).

From L. emanatus, p.p. of emanare "flow out," figuratively "arise from, proceed from."

Runemudan "to appear, come out," literally "to show face," from ru "face," → surface, + nemudan "to show," → display.

emanation
  رونمود   
runemud (#)

Fr.: émanation   

An act or instance of emanating; something that emanates or is emanated.

emanate; → -tion.

embedded star
  ستاره‌ی ِ فروپوشیده   
setâre-ye forupušidé

Fr.: étoile enfouie   

A newborn star which is tightly enveloped by a surrounding cloud of gas and dust.

Ebedded p.p. of embed, from en- + bed from O.E. bed "bed," from P.Gmc. *badjam "sleeping place dug in the ground" (O.H.G. betti; Ger. bett); PIE base *bhedh- "to dig, pierce;" cf. Gk. bothyros "pit;" L. fodere "to dig," fossa "ditch;" → star.

Setâré, → star; forupušidé, p.p. of forupušidan, from foru- "below; beneath; down, downwards;" Mid.Pers. frôt "down, downwards;" O.Pers. fravata "forward, downward;" Skt. pravát- "a sloping path, the slope of a mountain" + pušidan "to cover, conceal, clothe; to wear clothes;" Mid.Pers. pôšidan, pôš- "to cover, put on, wear;" cf. Mid.Pers. pôst; Mod.Pers. pust "skin, hide;" O.Pers. pavastā- "thin clay envelope used to protect unbaked clay tablets;" Skt. pavásta- "cover;" Proto-Indo-Iranian *pauastā- "cloth."

embodiment
  تنیگانش   
tanigâneš

Fr.: incarnation, incorporation, personnification   

The act of embodying; the state or fact of being embodied.

verbal noun of → embody.

embody
  تنیگاندن   
tanigândan

Fr.: exprimer, concrétiser, incarner   

1) To give a concrete form or body to an idea or quality.
2) To cause to become a body or part of a body.

From en- "in" + → body

Tanigândan, from Mid.Pers. tanig "bodily, corporal," from tan "body," → if and only if, + -ig, → -ik, + -ândan suffix of transitive verbs.

embolismic month
  بهیزک، ماه ِ بهیزکی   
behizak (#), mâh-e behizaki (#)

Fr.: mois embolismique   

1) In several → lunisolar calendars, an → intercalary month employed to preserve a seasonal relationship between the Lunar and Solar cycles. For example, in the → Hebrew calendar the extra month, called Adar Alef, was inserted after Shvat so that the month of Nissan (month of spring) does not begin in winter.
2) In ancient Iranian → solar calendar the additional whole month of 30 days employed every 120 years to compensate for the left-over quarters of days in a calendar year of 365 days (120 years × 0.25 days = 30 days).

M.E. embolisme, from M.L. embolismus "intercalation," from Gk. emballein "to throw into, to insert," from em- "in" + ballein "to throw" (source of the medical term embolism "the obstruction (of an artery, etc.) by a clot of blood, bubble of air, etc."); → month.

Behizak, from Mid.Pers. vihezagig or vihezakik "movable," from vihezag "movement, progression," from vihez- "to move, progress;" mâh, → month.

embolismic year
  سال ِ بهیزکی   
sâl-e behizaki (#)

Fr.: année embolismique   

In ancient calendars, a year that contains an → embolismic month.

embolismic month; → year.

emerge
  زمرچیدن   
zomarcidan

Fr.: émerger   

1) Move out of or away from something and become visible.
2) To rise or come forth from or as if from water or other liquid (Dictionary.com).

ex-, + merge, → submerge.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>