An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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<< < ani foc iso Pla pla pla rog > >>

Number of Results: 133 Search : plan
focal plane
  هامن ِ کانونی   
hâmon-e kânuni

Fr.: plan focal   

A plane at right angles to the principal axis of a lens or mirror on which the best image is formed.

focal; → plane.

Fokker-Planck equation
  هموگش ِ فوکر-پلانک   
hamugeš-e Fokker-Planck

Fr.: équation de Fokker-Planck   

A modified form of → Boltzmann's equation allowing for collision terms in an approximate way. It describes the rate of change of a particle's velocity as a result of small-angle collisional deflections.

After Dutch physicist Adriaan Fokker (1887-1972) and the German physicist Max Planck (1858-1947); → equation.

galactic plane
  هامن ِ کهکشان   
hâmon-e kahkešân

Fr.: plan galactique   

The plane in which the → disk of a → spiral galaxy, such as our → Milky Way, lies.

galactic; → plane.

giant planet
  سیاره‌ی ِ غولپیکر   
sayyâre-ye qulpeykar (#)

Fr.: planète géante   

A planet much more massive than Earth. The solar system has four giant planets: → Jupiter, → Saturn, → Uranus, and → Neptune.

giant; → planet.

High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS)
  هارپس   
HARPS

Fr.: HARPS   

A high-precision echelle spectrograph built for exoplanet findings and installed on the ESO's 3.6m telescope at La Silla Observatory in Chile. The first light was achieved in February 2003. HARPS has discovered dozens of exoplanets, making it the most successful planet finder behind the Kepler space observatory. HARPS can detect movements as small as 0.97 m s-1 (3.5 km h-1), with an effective precision of the order of 30 cm s-1, and a → resolving power of 120,000 (Mayor et al., 2003, ESO Messengar 114, 20).

high; → accuracy; → radial; → velocity; → planet; → search; → -er.

image plane
  هامن ِ وینه، ~ تصویر   
hâmon-e vine, ~ tasvir

Fr.: plan d'image   

The plane in which is formed an image produced by an → optical system.

image; → plane.

inferior planet
  سیاره‌ی ِ زیرین   
sayyâre-ye zirin (#)

Fr.: planète inférieure   

A planet that orbits between the Earth and the Sun. Mercury and Venus are the only two inferior planets in the Solar System.

inferior; → planète.

inner planets
  سیاره‌های ِ درونی   
sayârehâ-ye daruni (#)

Fr.: planètes internes   

The planets Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars collectively. T hey are also known as the terrestrial planets.

inner; → planet.

interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICME)
  اشانش ِ اندرسیاره‌ای ِ جرم از تاج   
ešâneš-e andarsayyâreyi-ye jerm az tâj

Fr.: éjection de masse coronale interplanétaire   

An → interplanetary manifestation of a → coronal mass ejection.

interplanetary; → coronal; → mass; → ejection.

interplanetary dust
  غبار ِ اندرسیاره‌ای   
qobâr-e andarsayyâreyi

Fr.: poussière interplanétaire   

Particles of dust in the → interplanetary medium. They are left-overs from the beginning of the solar system or from other sources such as sublimating comets. Their existence was first deduced from observations of → zodiacal light.

interplanetary; → dust.

interplanetary gas
  گاز ِ اندرسیاره‌ای   
gâz-e andarsayyâreyi

Fr.: gaz interplanétaire   

Electrically charged particles of the solar wind and gas liberated from comets within the solar system.

interplanetary; → gas.

interplanetary magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناتیسی ِ اندرسیاره‌ای   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye andarsayyârei

Fr.: champ magnétique interstellaire   

The magnetic field that is carried along with the solar wind and fills the solar system space. It is wound into a spiral structure by the rotation of the Sun. At the Earth's distance from the Sun, it has a strength of about 5 x 10-5 gauss.

interplanetary; → magnetic; → field.

interplanetary matter
  مادّه‌ی ِ اندرسیاره‌ای   
mâdde-ye andarsayyâreyi

Fr.: matière interplanétaire   

Material existing in the space between solar system planets. It includes interplanetary gas and dust.

interplanetary; → matter.

interplanetary medium
  مدیم ِ اندرسیاره‌ای   
madim-e andarsayâre-yi

Fr.: milieu interplanétaire   

The material contained in the → solar system in the space through which the planets travel. It consists of the smaller objects such as → asteroids, → comets, → meteorites and also a general pervading → interplanetary dust. Moreover a → plasma of charged particles streaming outward from the Sun in the form of the → solar wind contributes to the interplanetary medium.

interplanetary; → medium.

interplanetary space
  فضای ِ اندرسیاره‌ای   
fazâ-ye anadrsayyâre-yi

Fr.: espace interplanétaire   

Same as → interplanetary medium.

interplanetary; → space.

intramercurial planet
  سیاره‌ی ِ فروتیری   
sayyâre-ye forutiri

Fr.: planète intramercurienne   

A hypothetical planet, named Vulcan, that once was believed to exist between the Sun and Mercury.

intra-; → Mercury; → planet.

invariable plane
  هامُن ِ ناورتنده   
hâmon-e nâvartandé

Fr.: plan invariable   

Mechanics: For a rotating rigid body not subject to external torque, a plane which is perpendicular to the angular momentum vector of the body, and which is always tangent to its → inertia ellipsoid.

Invariable negation of → variable; → plane.

isoplanatic
  ایزوبیراه   
izobirâh

Fr.: isoplanatique   

The quality of an imaging system which is characterized by → isoplanatism.

From → iso- "equal, uniform" + Gk. plane "wandering," from planasthai "to wander" + -tic adjective-forming suffix, → -ic.

Izobirâh, from izo-, → iso-, + birâh "a devious path; a wanderer, who deviates, errs."

isoplanatic angle
  زاویه‌ی ِ ایزوبیراه   
zâviye-ye izobirâh

Fr.: angle isoplanatique   

The angle in which the → point spread function of the atmosphere/telescope system is space invariant. Because of the presence of → turbulence in high layers of the atmosphere, this angle is extremely small, often only a few seconds of arc at visible wavelengths. See also → aplanatism.

isoplanatic; → angle.

isoplanatic patch
  پچ ِ ایزوبیراه، تکه‌ی ِ ~   
pac-e izobirâh, teke-ye ~

Fr.: tache isoplanatique   

The spatial region where the variation of the → point spread function of an imaging system is considered negligible.

isoplanatic; → patch.

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