An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
classification
  رده بندی   
radebandi (#)

Fr.: classification   

The systematic grouping of astronomical objects into categories on the basis of physical, morphological, or evolutionary characteristics.

Classification, from O.Fr., from classifier, from → class + -fier, from L. -ficare, root of facere "to make, do;" PIE base *dhe- "to put, to do" (cf. Skt. dadhati "puts, places;" Av. dadaiti "he puts," O.Pers. ada "he made," Gk. tithenai "to put, set, place."

Radebandi, from radé, → class, + bandi, verbal noun of bastan "to bind, shut; to get, acquire, incur," from Mid.Pers. bastan/vastan "to bind, shut;" Av./O.Pers. band- "to bind, fetter," banda- "band, tie;" cf. Skt. bandh- "to bind, tie, fasten;" Ger. binden, E. bind, → band; PIE base *bhendh- "to bind."

clathrate
  کلاترات   
klâtrât

Fr.: clathrate   

A chemical substance in which a molecule of one compound fills a cavity within the crystal lattice of another compound. An example is clathrate hydrate, a special type of gas hydrate in which small molecules (typically gases) are trapped inside "cages" of hydrogen bonded water molecules. Large amounts of methane have been discovered both in permafrost formations and under the ocean floor. Similarly oceans contain large quantities of trapped CO2, which dissociate when the temperature rises sufficiently.

From L. clathratus, p.p. of clathrarer "to fit with bars," from clathra "bars, lattice," from Gk. kleithron " bar," from kleiein "to close."

clause
  بند   
band (#)

Fr.: clause   

1) Grammar: A syntactic construction containing a subject and predicate and forming part of a sentence or constituting a whole simple sentence.
2) A distinct article or provision in a contract, treaty, will, or other formal or legal written document (Dictionary.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. clause, from M.L. clausa "conclusion," used in the sense of classical L. clausula "the end, a closing, termination," also "end of a sentence or a legal argument," from clausa, from p.p. of claudere "to close, to shut, to conclude," → closure.

Band present stem of bastan "to close, to fasten, to bind," → closure.

Clausius equation
  هموگش ِ کلاؤزیوس   
hamugeš-e Clausius

Fr.: équation de Clausius   

A first-order improvement on the → ideal gas law that corrects for the finite volume of molecules.

After Rudolf Clausius (1822-1888), a German physicist and mathematician, → equation.

Clausius's postulate
  فراوس ِ کلاؤزیوس   
farâvas-e Clausius

Fr.: postulat de Clausius   

If heat flows by conduction from body A to another body B, then a transformation whose only final result is to transfer heat from B to A is impossible. Clausius's postulate is a formulation of the → second law of thermodynamics. It is also equivalent to → Kelvin's postulate.

Clausius equation; → postulate.

Clausius-Clapeyron equation
  هموگش ِ کلاؤزیوس-کلاپرون   
hamugeš-e Clausius-Clapeyron

Fr.: équation de Clausius-Clapeyron   

An approximation of the → Clapeyron equation for liquid-vapor equilibrium that incorporates the → ideal gas law and states that the logarithm of vapor pressure is inversely proportional to temperature.

Clausius equation; → Clapeyron equation.

clay
  رُس   
ros (#)

Fr.: argile   

A broad class of hydrous → silicate minerals that has the tetrahedral silicate groups linked in sheets. Clay commonly forms as a product of rock weathering. Deposits of phyllosilicates, such as chamosite and nontronite, recently identified on Mars are attributed to the action of liquid water in the past history of this planet.

O.E. clæg "stiff, sticky earth; clay," from PIE base *glei- "to stick together;" cf. Gk. gloios "sticky substance," L. glus, gluten "glue," O.Slav. glina "clay." The Pers. gel "clay, mud," Mid.Pers. gil "clay" may belong to this family.

Ros, variant rost "clay," of unknown origin.

clear
  رونه   
runé (#)

Fr.: clair   

1) Free from darkness, obscurity, or cloudiness.
2) Transparent; pellucid.
3) Without discoloration, defect, or blemish (Dictionary.com). → clear night.

M.E. clere, from O.Fr. cler, from L. clarus "clear, bright, distinct."

Runé, from Kurd. (Sorani) rûn "bright, clear," rûn kirdin "to explain," variant of rowšan, → bright.

clear night
  شب ِ رونه   
šab-e runé

Fr.: nuit claire   

A night sky without clouds, mist, or haze, atmospheric dust particles, and without city lights in which a sixth magnitude star is visible by naked-eye.

clear; → night.

clepsydras
  پنگان، پنگ   
pangân, pang

Fr.: clepsydre   

An ancient device for measuring time by marking the regulated flow of water through a small opening. A water clock.

L., from Gk. klepsudra, from kleptein "to steal" + hudor "water," PIE *wed- "water."

Pangân or pang was a clepsydra in Iran. It consisted of "a copper bason with a small hole in the bottom, for water in which it is placed to flow through, used for measuring time;" etymology unknown.

cliff
  تندان   
tondân (#)

Fr.: falaise   

A very high steep rock or ice face, especially one that runs along a coastline. → scarp.

M.E., O.E. clif (cf. O.S. clif, O.N. klif, O.H.G. klep, M.Du. klippe, Ger. Klippe "cliff, steep rock").

Tondân, from tond "swift, rapid, brisk," → scarp + -ân a suffix of nuance/relation.

climate
  کلیما، آب-و-هوا   
kelimâ, âb-o-havâ (#)

Fr.: climat   

The characteristic meteorological conditions (temperature, precipitation, and wind) and their extremes, of any place or region. In other words, weather patterns averaged over a given period of time to obtain a consistent pattern of the expected atmospheric conditions.

M.E. climat, from M.Fr. climat, from L. clima, climat- "region, slope of the Earth," from Gk. klima "region, zone," from base of klinein "to slope," thus "slope of the Earth from equator to pole," from PIE base *klei- "to lean," → inclination.

Kelimâ, loan from Fr., as above.
Âbohavâ, from âb, → water, + -o- "and" + havâ "weather" → air.

climatology
  کلیماشناسی   
kelimâšenâsi

Fr.: climatologie   

The scientific study of climates. More specifically, the analysis of weather condition trends over a relatively long period of time (past, present or future). Climatology is distinct from meteorology, which is associated with short-term weather system studies.

climate; → -logy.

clock
  ساعت   
sâat (#)

Fr.: horloge   

A device (not carried or worn) for measuring and showing the time. See also: → hour, → gnomon, → clepsydra.

M.E. clokke "clock with bells," from O.Fr. cloque "bell" (Fr. cloche, Du. klok, Ger. Glocke), M.L. clocca "bell," of Celtic origin.

Sâat from Ar.

clocking
  زمان‌بندی   
zamân bandi

Fr.:   

Successive risings and lowerings of voltage on the electrodes of a CCD in order to move the electrons from one pixel to the next.

clockwise
  ساعت‌سو   
sâ'atsu (#)

Fr.: dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre   

In the same direction as the rotating hands of a clock when viewed from in front.

From → clock + wise "way, manner," O.E. wise (adj.), from wis, from P.Gmc. *wisaz (cf. Du. wijs, Ger. weise "wise"), PIE base *weid-/*wid- "to see, to know;" cf. Av vaeda "I know," Skt. veda "I know," Gk. oida "I know".

Sâ'atsu, from sâ'at, → clock, + su "direction," Mid.Pers. sôg, sôk "side, direction".

clog
  کتله   
katelé

Fr.: sabot   

A shoe made of wood.

M.E., of unknown origin.

Katelé, from (Tabari, Gilaki) katelé "wooden shoe," from katel "tree log, tree stump."

close
  کیپ   
kip (#)

Fr.: serré   

Having little or no space between elements or parts, as in → close binary, → close approach; tight and compact.

M.E. clos, closed, from O.Fr., from L. clausus, p.p. of claudere "to close."

Kip "close, tight" in spoken Pers.

close approach
  نزدش ِ کیپ   
nazdeš-e kip

Fr.: approche serrée   

In astronomy a general term to describe the positions of two or more objects that come unusually near one to another. In particular, regarding an asteroid's position with respect to Earth, when it is within the Moon's orbit.

close; → approach.

close binary star
  ستاره‌ی ِ دورین ِ کیپ   
setâre-ye dorin-e kip

Fr.: étoile binaire serrée   

A binary system in which the separation of the component stars is comparable to their diameters, so that they influence each other's evolution most commonly by the tidal forces.

close; → binary; → star.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>