An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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constant of annual aberration
  پایا‌ی ِ بیراهش سالانه   
pâyâ-ye birâheš sâlâné

Fr.: constante d'aberration annuelle   

Same as → constant of aberration.

constant; → annual; → aberration.

constant of diurnal aberration
  پایا‌ی ِ بیراهش روزانه   
pâyâ-ye birâheš ruzâné

Fr.: constante d'aberration diurne   

The quantity 0''.3200 ρ cos φ', where ρ is the geocentric distance of the observer measured in units of → equatorial radius the Earth and φ' is the observer's → geocentric latitude. The numerical part is equal to 2πa csc1'' / (cP), where a is the equatorial radius of the Earth, P is its → sidereal period of rotation, and c is the → speed of light in vacuum.

constant; → diurnal; → aberration.

constant of gravitation
  پایا‌ی ِ گرانشی   
pâyâ-ye gerâneši (#)

Fr.: constante de la gravitation   

gravitational constant.

constant of the motion
  پایای ِ جنبش   
pâyâ-ye jonbeš

Fr.: constante de mouvement   

1) Classical mechanics: A variable X whose total rate of change dX/dt along the path of a → dynamical system is zero. In other words, a function of an object's position, velocity, or both that does not change even as the object moves. For example, the total energy of a → simple harmonic oscillator is a constant of the motion.
2) Quantum mechanics: An → observable that remains constant in time. As an example, the energy is a constant of the motion of all systems whose → Hamiltonian does not depend explicitly upon time.

constant; → motion.

constellation
  هم‌اختران   
hamaxtarân

Fr.: constellation   

A grouping of conspicuous stars that, when seen from Earth, form an apparent pattern. The sky is divided into 88 constellations. → asterism.

From O.Fr. constellation, from L.L. constellationem (nom. constellatus) "set with stars," from L. → com- "with" + p.p. of stellare "to shine," from stella, → star.

Hamaxtarân, from ham- "with, together" + axtarstar + -ân suffix denoting group.

constituent
  آساتنده   
âsâtande

Fr.: constituant   

1) Forming part of a whole; component.
2) Politics, law: Having the power to frame a constitution or to constitute a government; a person who appoints another to act for him, as by power of attorney.
3) Linguistics: A word, phrase, or clause forming a part of a larger construction (TheFreeDictionary.com).

constitute; → -ent.

constitute
  آساتیدن   
âsâtidan

Fr.: constituer   

1) To make up; form; compose.
2) To appoint to an office or function.
3) To set up (a school or other institution) formally; found.
4) Law: To give legal form to (a court, assembly, etc.) (TheFreeDictionary.com).

From L. constitutus, p.p. of constituere "to cause to stand, set up, fix, place, establish, set in order; form something new," from → com- an intensive prefix + statuere "to set," from PIE root *sta- "to stand, make or be firm." cf. Pers. istâdan "to stand," → opposition.

Âsâtidan, from intensive prefix â- + sât variant of sâz-/sâxtan "to build, make, prepare," cf. Gazi sât- "to be reconciled with," Abyaneyi, Abuzeydâbâdi, Nâyini, Târi. sâta-/sâj-, Anâraki, Varzeneyi sâte-/sâj-, Ardestâni sûtte/sûj-, Hamadâni satän/saj-, Esfahâni satän/saz-, Jowšaqâni bam-sa:t- "to do, build," Xonsâri sât-/sâz-, Mahalâti sât/sâj- "to prepare, do;" Mid.Pers. sac, saz- "to be fitting, becoming, necessary," sac-, sâz- "to make, prepare;" Mod.Pers. sâz-, sâxtan "to build, construct, prepare;" cf. Skt. śak- "to be able, capable;" Proto-Ir. sac- "to fit, be suitable, be able, be in command of; to prepare" (Cheung, 2006).

constitution
  آساتش   
âsâteš

Fr.: constitution   

1) The act or process of composing, setting up, or establishing.
2) The system of fundamental laws and principles that prescribes the nature, functions, and limits of a government or another institution (TheFreeDictionary.com).

Verbal noun of → constitution.

constitutional
  آساتشی   
âsâteši

Fr.: constitutionnel   

1) Of or relating to a constitution.
2) Consistent with, sanctioned by, or permissible according to a constitution (TheFreeDictionary.com).

constitution; → -al.

constitutive
  آساتگر   
âsâtgar

Fr.: constitutif   

1) Making a thing what it is; essential.
2) Having power to institute, establish, or enact.

constitite; → -ive.

constrain
  پاوندیدن، پاوند کردن   
pâvandidan, pâvand kardan

Fr.: contraindre   

To confine forcibly, as by bonds; to force, compel, or oblige; to repress or restrain. → constrained body, → constrained system.

constraint.

constrained body
  جسم ِ پاوندیده   
jesm-e pâvandidé

Fr.: corps lié   

A → rigid body whose displacement is prevented because it is under → constraint or a body that can move only in certain directions. Contrasted with → free body.

Constrained, p.p. of → constrain; → body.

constrained system
  راژمان ِ پاوندیده   
râžmân-e pâvandidé

Fr.: système contraint   

Opposite of a → free system. See also → constraint.

Constrained, p.p. of → constrain; → system.

constraint
  پاوند   
pâvand (#)

Fr.: contrainte   

1) General: Limitation or restriction.
2) Mechanics: Any restriction imposed on the position or motion of a material system. Constraints are said to be internal if they do not impede free displacement of the system. All other kinds of constraints are called external. Systems subject only to internal constraints are free material systems.
3) Physics: A fact or condition, usually observational, that allows to reduce the number of free parameters in a theoretical model.

M.E. constreinte, from M.F., from constreindre, from L. constringere "to bind together, tie tightly," from → com- "together" + stringere "to bind, draw tight."

Pâvand "fetter, shackle," from "foot" (Mid.Pers. pâd, pây; Khotanese fad; Av. pad-; cf. Skt. pat-, Gk. pos, genitive podos; L. pes, genitive pedis; P.Gmc. *fot, E. foot, Ger. Fuss, Fr. pied; PIE *pod-/*ped-) + vand, variant band "tie, band," (Mod.-Mid./Pers. bastan/vastan "to bind, shut," Av./O.Pers. band- "to bind, fetter," banda- "band, tie," Skt. bandh- "to bind, tie, fasten," PIE *bhendh- "to bind," cf. Ger. binden, E. bind).

constringence
     

Fr.: constringence   

Same as → Abbe number.

Noun from → constrain.

constructive interference
  اندرزنش ِ سازنده   
andarzaneš-e sâznadé

Fr.: interférence constructive   

An → interference process in which the → amplitude of the resultant wave is greater than that of either individual waves. See also → destructive interference.

Constructive, from M.Fr. constructif or from M.L. constructivus, from L. construct-, p.p. stem of construere "to heap up," from → con- + struc- variant stem of struere "to build," → structure; → interference.

Andarzaneš, → interference; sâzandé "constructive," from sâxtan, → structure.

consult
  هگاردن، رای زدن   
hagârdan, rây zadan (#)

Fr.: consulter   

To seek advice or information from; ask guidance from.

From M.Fr. consulter, from L. consultere "to deliberate, consult," frequentative of consulere "to consult, deliberate, consider, ask advice," from → com- "together" + -sulere, from PIE *selh- "to take, grab," cognate with E. sell, sold.

Hagârdan, from ha-, variant of ham- "together," → com-, + gâr "to observe, consider," variants gar-, gâl- (as in engâridan "to suppose," negaristan "to observe, look, notice," segâlidan "to think, discuss, consider") ultimately from Proto-Ir. *kar- "to observe, consider," cf. Av. kar- "to remember, to impress on memory," Skt. kal- "to observe, conside," kalayati "considers, observes;" see also âgâridan, → consider.

consultant
  ۱) هگارگر؛ ۲) هگارنده   
1) hagârgar; 2) hagârande

Fr.: consultant   

1) A person who provides professional or expert advice.
2) A person who consults another.

Agent noun with suffix → -ant.

consultation
  هگارش   
hagâreš

Fr.: consultation   

The act or procedure of consulting.

Verbal noun from → consult.

consume
  گساردن   
gosârdan (#)

Fr.: consommer   

1) To use up, spend. See also → expend.
2) To eat or drink.

M.E., from O.Fr. consumer "to consume" and directly from L. consumere "to use up, eat, waste," from → com-, intensive prefix, + sumere "to take," from → sub- "under" + emere "to buy, take," from PIE root *em- "to take, distribute;" cf. Skt. yam- "to hold," Av. yam- "to hold, keep," → expend.

Gosârdan "to consume, drink; dissipate, wipe out; let go," probably from Proto-Ir. *ui-sard-, from *sard- "to smear, rub;" cf. Khotanese (+*ā-) esaly "to besmear;" Kurd. sirīn "to wipe," sirewe "to wipe out, erase;" Oss. særdyn "to smear."

<< < "no abe acc act aff ama ani ant aps ast atm aut bar bic Boh bou cal car cel che cla col com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con Cor cor cot cul de- dec dem des dif dil dir dis dom dyn Edd ele ele emi equ Eve exc exp fac fin for fre fuz gen Glo gra gra Ham hel hor hyd ign inc inf Inf int Int int ion irr jum Lag lea lig lin Lor Lyo mag mat met min Mon moo NaC neg New New non non non nul obs one opt Ori oxi par per per phl pho pla Pla pol pos pre pro pro pse qua rad rad rea rec reg rel res ret rot Ryd sci sec sec sep sim Soc son spe sta Ste Sto sub sup syn the Tho top tra Tro unc vec vio Was Wil Zhe > >>