An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
Weierstrass M test
  آزمون ِ M وایرشتراس   
âzmun-e M Weierstrass

Fr.: Weierstrass   

A test for uniform convergence of a sequence of functions. If there exists a series of numbers Σ Mi (summed from n = 1 to ∞), in which Mi≥ Σ |ui(x)| for all x in the interval [a, b] and Σ Mi is convergent, the series ui(x) will be uniformly convergent in that interval.

Weierstrass approximation theorem; M referring to → majorant; → test.

weight
  وزن   
vazn (#)

Fr.: poids   

1) The force of attraction of the Earth on a given mass. → molecular weight; → weightlessness.
2) Statistics: A measure of the relative importance of an item in a statistical population. → weighted mean.
See also: → atomic weight, → counterweight, → mean molecular weight, → molecular weight, → statistical weight, → weight concentration, → weight fraction, → weight of a tensor density, → weight-fraction concentration, → weightlessness.

M.E., from O.E. gewiht, cf. O.N. vætt, O.Fris. wicht, M.Du. gewicht, Ger. Gewicht.

Vazn, loan from Ar. wazn.

weight concentration
  دبزش ِ وزنی   
dabzeš-e vazni

Fr.: concentration en poids   

of a gas included in the composition of a → gas mixture, the ratio of mass of this gas to the mass of the whole mixture. Same as → weight fraction and → weight-fraction concentration.

weight; → concentration.

weight fraction
  برخه‌ی ِ وزنی   
barxe-ye vazni

Fr.: fraction en poids   

Same as → weight concentration.

weight; → fraction.

weight of a tensor density
  وزن ِ چگالی ِ تانسور   
vazn-e cagâli-ye tânsor

Fr.: poids d'une densité de tenseur   

A constant the value of which is characteristic for any given → tensor density.

weight; → tensor; → density.

weight-fraction concentration
  برخه‌ی ِ وزنی ِ دبزش   
barxe-ye vazni-ye dabzeš

Fr.: concentration en poids   

Same as → weight concentration.

weight; → fraction; → concentration.

weighted mean
  میانگین ِ وزنی   
miyângin-e vazni (#)

Fr.: moyenne pondérée   

An mean which is obtained by combining different numbers according to the relative importance of each.

weight; → mean.

weightlessness
  بی‌وزنی   
bivazni (#)

Fr.: apesanteur   

The phenomenon experienced by a body when there is no force of reaction on it. This happens when the body is in → free fall in a → gravitational field or when the net force on it is zero.

From → weight + -less suffix meaning "without" + -ness a suffix of quality or state.

Bivazni, from bi- "without," → a-, + vazn, → weight, + -i.

Weizsacker formula
  دیسول ِ وایتسکر   
disul-e Weizsäcker

Fr.: formule de Weizsäcker   

A → semiempirical → equation which describes the → binding energy of the → atomic nucleus. It is essentially a nuclear mass formula that provides the total binding energy per → nucleon as the sum of five terms:
Eb = aVA - aSA2/3 - aCZ2/A1/3 - aA(N -Z)2/A + δ(A,Z),
where the terms in the right-hand side of this equation are called the volume term, surface term, Coulomb term, asymmetry term, and pairing term, respectively. A, Z, and N are the number of nucleons, → protons, and → neutrons, respectively (see, e.g., Alexi M. Frolov, 2013, arxiv.org/pdf/1212.6768). Also called Bethe-Weizacker formula and → semiempirical binding energy formula.

Named after Carl Friedrich von Weizäcker (1912-2007), German physicist, who derived the formula in 1935, Z. für Physik 96, 431; → formula.

well
  ۱) خوش، خوب؛ ۲) چاه   
1) xoš, xub; 2) câh

Fr.:   

1) In a good or satisfactory manner; thoroughly, carefully, or soundly.
2) A hole drilled or bored into the earth to obtain water, petroleum, natural gas, brine, or sulfur (Dictionary.com).

1) M.E., from O.E. wel(l) (cognates Du. wel, Ger. wohl).
2) M.E. well(e), O.E. wylle, wella, welle (cognates: O.Saxon wallan, O.Fris. walla, O.H.G. wallan, Ger. wallen "to bubble, boil").

1) Xoš "good, well, sweet, fair, lovely," probably related to hu- "good, well," → eu-. Xub, ultimately from Av. huuāpah- "doing good work," → operate.
2) Câh "a well," from Mid.Pers. câh "a well;" Av. cāt- "a well," from kan- "to dig," uskən- "to dig out;" O.Pers. kan- "to dig," akaniya- "it was dug;" Mod.Pers. kandan "to dig;" cf. Skt. khan- "to dig," khanati "he digs," kha- "cavity, hollow, cave, aperture."

well-formed formula (wff)
  دیسول ِ خوش‌دیسه (wff)   
disul-e xošdisé (wff)

Fr.: formule bien formée (FBF)   

A string of → symbols from the alphabet of the → formal language that conforms to the grammar of the formal language. → closed wff, → open wff.

Wff, pronounced whiff; → well; → form; → formula.

well-ordered set
  هنگرد ِ خوش‌رایه   
hangard-e xoš-râyé

Fr.: ensemble bien ordonné   

A set in which every → nonempty → subset has a minimum element.

well; → order; → set.

Werner band
  باند ِ ورنر   
bând-e Werner

Fr.: bande de Werner   

A sequence of → permitted transitions in the → ultraviolet from an → excited state (C) of the → molecular hydrogen (H2) to the electronic → ground state, with ΔE > 12.3 eV and λ ranging from 1160 Å to 1250 Å. When a hydrogen molecule absorbs such a photon, it undergoes a transition from the ground electronic state to the excited state (C). The following rapid → decay creates an → absorption band in that wavelength range. See also → Lyman band; → Lyman-Werner photon.

Named after the Danish physicist Sven Theodor Werner (1898-1984), who discovered the band (S. Werner, 1926, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A, 113, 107); → band.

west
  باختر   
bâxtar (#)

Fr.: ouest   

The direction 90° to the left or 270° to the right of → north.

M.E., O.E. "west" "in or toward the west;" cf. O.N. vestr, O.Fris., M.Du., Du. west, Ger. West; PIE base *wes- (Gk. hesperos, L. vesper "evening, west").

Bâxtar "west;" Mid.Pers. apâxtar "north;" Av. apāxtar "northern."

western
  باختری   
bâxtari (#)

Fr.: (de l') ouest, occidental   

Lying toward or situated in the west. → greatest western elongation.

Adjective from → west.

western elongation
  درازش ِ باختری   
derâzeš-e bâxtari

Fr.: élongation ouest   

The position of a planet when it is visible in the eastern sky before dawn.

western; → elongation.

wet
  خیس   
xis (#)

Fr.: mouillé   

Consisting of, containing, covered or soaked with water or some other liquid.

O.E. wæt "moist, liquid," related to O.Frisian wēt, O.N. vātr, O.E. wæter "water."

Xis, xês "wet, moist," related to pašang, pašangidan "sprinkle," ultimately from Proto-Ir. *haic- "to pour (out), moisten;" cf. Av. haēc- "to pour (out); to irrigate;" Khotanese häs- "to wet, besprinkle;" Sogd. šync "to pour" (Cheung 2007).

wet merger
  تشک ِ پر گاز   
tašk-e porgâz

Fr.: fusion avec gaz   

A merger between → gas-rich galaxies. Wet mergers may lead to enhanced star formation, trigger → active galactic nuclei, and transform a → disk galaxy into an → elliptical galaxy. The larger the → redshift, the wetter mergers should be.

wet; → merger.

Weyl's principle
  پروز ِ ویل   
parvaz-e Weyl

Fr.: principe de Weyl   

The → world lines of galaxies form in the 4D space-time a bundle of non-intersecting → geodesics orthogonal to a series of space-like hyperstructures (e.g. Narlikar 2002, An Introduction to Cosmology, 3rd Edition, Cambridge Univ. Press). Expressed differently: The world lines of galaxies, or "fundamental particles," form (on average) a space-time filling family of non-intersecting geodesics converging toward the past (Rugh & Zinkernagel, 2010, astro-ph/1006.5848). The statement is sometimes denoted postulate, assumption, or hypothesis. The importance of Weyl's principle is that it asserts that cosmic matter moves according to certain regularity requirements. See also → cosmological principle.

First introduced by the German mathematician Hermann Weyl (1885-1955) in 1923 in his Raum, Zeit, Materie; → principle.

Wezen
  وزن   
Vazn (#)

Fr.: Wezen   

The star δ Canis Majoris, magnitude 1.84. It is an F8 supergiant 1800 light-years away. Among bright stars, Wezen is one of the most distant and luminous. Its luminosity is 50,000 times that of the Sun. Other designations: Alwazn, Wesen, HR 2693, HD 54605.

From Ar. Al-wazn (الوزن) "weight."

Vazn, from Ar. Al-wazn, as above.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>