An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
nanotechnology
  نانو-تشنیک‌شناسی   
nâno-tašnik-šenâsi

Fr.: nanotechnologie   

The science and technology of producing and exploiting structures and systems at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 → nanometers, that is those of single atoms and molecules. Materials with such minute structures possess mechanical, optical, chemical, magnetic or electronic properties not found in ordinary materials.

nano-; → technology.

Naos (ζ Puppis)
  نایءوس   
Nâos

Fr.: Naos   

A bright, blue star of V = 2.25 in the constellation → Puppis. It is a hot → supergiant of type O5, with a → surface temperature of 42,000 K, lying 1,400 → light-years away. Naos is one of the rarest → O-type stars visible to the → naked eye.

Naos, from Gk. naos "ship," since it used to be the Zeta star of Argo Navis (Jason's vessel Argos) before becoming Zeta in Puppis.

Napierian logarithm
  لگاریتم ِ ناپیری   
logâritm-e Napieri (#)

Fr.: logarithme népérien   

Same as the → natural logarithm.

After John Laird Napier (1550-1617), the Scottish mathematician who invented logarithm; → logarithm.

narrow
  باریک   
bârik (#)

Fr.: étroit   

Of little breadth or → width.

M.E., from O.E. nearu; cf. O.S. naru "narrow," Du. naar "unpleasant;" akin to Ger. Narbe "scar," literally, "narrow mark."

Bârik, from Mid.Pers. bârîk "narrow," from O.Iranian *bāra-ya-ka-, from stem *bāra- "to cut;" cf. Av. bāra- "edge, blade," in tiži-bāra- "sharp-edged," from brī- "to cut, shave, shear;" cf. Skt. bhrī- "to hurt, injure," bhrinanti "they hurt;" O.C.S. briti "to shave;" PIE base *bhrē- "to cut, pierce."

narrow band
  باند ِ باریک، باریک‌باند   
bând-e bârik (#), bârik-bând (#)

Fr.: bande étroite   

Optics: Of a filter, same as → interference filter.
Radio.: Encompassing a small frequency range, typically less than 300 Hz.

narrow; → band.

narrow-band photometry
  شیدسنجی ِ باریک‌باند   
šidsanji-ye bârik bând

Fr.: photométrie à bande étroite   

Photometry using narrow-band filters to isolate a particular spectroscopic line or molecular band.

narrow band; → photometry.

narrow-line region
  ناحیه‌ی ِ باریک-خط   
nâhiye-ye bârik-xatt

Fr.: région à raies étroites   

The outer region of a → quasar or an → active galactic nucleus displaying narrow spectral lines. Also called Type II AGN. See also → obscuring torus.

narrow; → line; → region.

nasal
  دماغی   
damâqi (#)

Fr.: nasal   

1) Of, in, or relating to the → nose.
2) Phonetics: A → nasal consonant.

Adjective, from → nose.

nasal cavity
  کاواک ِ بینی، ~ دماغ   
kâvâk-e bini, ~ damâq

Fr.: cavité nasale   

The interior of the → nose. It is the structure which extends from the external opening, the → nostrils, to the → pharynx, where it joins the respiratory system.

nasal; → cavity.

nasal consonant
  هم‌آوای ِ دماغی   
hamâvâ-ye damâqi

Fr.: consonne nasale   

A consonant produced with air escaping through the → nose. For this to happen the → soft palate is lowered and at the same time the mouth passage blocked at some point, so that all the air is pushed out of the nose. Examples of this sound include the English sounds [m], [n], and [ng].

nasal; → consonant.

Nasireddin
  نصیر‌الدین   
Nasireddin

Fr.: Nasireddin   

A lunar → impact crater that is located in the southern part of the Moon's near side. Latitude: 41.0°S, longitude: 0.2°E, diameter: 52 km, depth: 3.35 km.

Named after the Iranian mathematician and astronomer Nasireddin Tusi (1201-1274), → Nasireddin couple.

Nasireddin couple
  جفت ِ نصیر‌الدین   
joft-e Nasireddin

Fr.: couple de Nasireddin   

A theorem put forward by the 13th century Persian mathematician and astronomer Nasireddin Tusi to generate linear motion from a combination of circular motions, and thus improve the geocentric model of Ptolemy. A circle of radius R rotates inside a circle of radius 2R. The smaller circle rotates at twice the speed of the larger one and in opposite direction. The initial tangent point will travel in linear motion back and forth along the diameter of the larger circle. A particular case of → hypocycloid curves.

Named for Nasireddin Tusi (1201-1274), director of Marâgha observatory who created the Ilkhani zij; → couple.

Nasmyth focus
  کانون ِ نسمیت   
kânun-e Nasmyth (#)

Fr.: foyer Nasmyth   

In an altazimuth-mounted telescope, a focal point to one side of the tube, created by placing a third deflecting mirror in the optical path. This extra mirror directs the beam along the altitude axis, and through a hole in the supporting trunnions. Nasmyth focus has the advantage of remaining at a fixed position relative to the telescope wherever the instrument is pointed. Moreover, bulky or heavy instruments can be mounted there on a permanent platform, which rotates only in azimuth.

Named after the inventor James Nasmyth (1808-1890), who first used it in the 19-th century.

nation
  نفان   
nafân

Fr.: nation   

A large body of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular state. → national, → international.

Nation, from O.Fr. nacion, from L. nationem (nom. natio) "nation, stock, race," literally "that which has been born," from natus, p.p. of nasci "to be born;" cognate with Pers. zâdan, → generate.

Nafân, from Av. nāfaēna- "family," hama.nāfaēna- "of the same family," related to nāfa- "near relationship, family, navel," napāt- "grandson" (Mod.Pers. navé "grandson"); cf. Mid.Pers. nâf "family," nâfag "navel," naft "descendant, " Parthian nap "family" (Mod.Pers. nâf "navel"); Sogd. nâf "country;" Sorani Kurd. natawa (Kurmanji Kurd. netewe) "family, race, nation," from *nafata (with metathesis); cf. Skt. nábhi- "nave, navel, central part; home, origin;" Gk. anepsios "cousin, sister's son;" L. nepos "grandchild; descendant;" O.Lithuanian neputis "grandson; nephew;" O.H.G. nabalo "navel;" Ger. Nabel "navel;" O.E. nefa "grandson; descendant;" + -ân suffix denoting family relationship, as in Bâbakân "family of Bâbak."

national
  نفانی   
nafâni

Fr.: national   

Of, involving, or relating to a nation as a whole. → National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

nation; → -al.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
  سازمان ِ فضانوردی ِ آمریکا   
Sâzmân-e Fazânavardi-ye Âmrikâ

Fr.: NASA, Administration nationale de l'aéronautique et de l'espace   

A federal agency of the United States government founded in 1958 for civil aeronautical research and space exploration, superseding the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). Its goals include improving human understanding of the universe, the solar system, and Earth and establishing a permanent human presence in space. NASA is headquarted at Washington, D.C., and operates several research, development, and test facilities, as follows alphabetically: 1) Ames Research Center; 2) Dryden Flight Research Facility at Edwards, California, used for flight testing and as a landing site for the Space Shuttle; 3) Glenn Research Center at Cleveland, Ohio, concerned with aircraft and rocket propulsion; 4) Goddard Space Flight Center; 5) Jet Propulsion Laboratory; 6) Johnson Space center; 7) Kennedy Space Center; 8) Langley Research Center at Hampton, Virginia, which carries out research in aeronautics and space technology; 9) Marshall Space Flight Center; 10) the Space Telescope Science Institute; 11) Stennis Space Center, near Bay St Louis, Mississippi, for testing rocket engines; and 12) Wallops Flight Facility on Wallops Island, Virginia, which manages NASA's sounding rocket and scientific balloon programs.

national; → aeronautics; → space; administration, verbal noun of administer, from M.E. amynistre, from O.Fr. aministrer, from L. administrare "to serve, carry out, manage," from → ad- "to" + ministrare "to serve," from minister "servant, priest's assistant," from minus, minor "less," hence "subordinate," + comparative suffix *-teros.

Sâzmân, → organization; fazâyi pertaining to fazâ, → space; Âmrikâ "United State of America."

nationalism
  نفان‌باوری   
nafânbâvari

Fr.: nationalisme   

Loyalty and devotion to a nation; especially: a sense of national consciousness exalting one nation above all others and placing primary emphasis on promotion of its culture and interests as opposed to those of other nations or supranational groups (Merriam-Webster.com).

national; → -ism.

nationality
  نفانیگی   
nafânigi

Fr.: nationalité   

1) National status; specifically: a legal relationship involving allegiance on the part of an individual and usually protection on the part of the state b : membership in a particular nation.
2) Membership in a particular nation (Merriam-Webster.com).

national; → -ity.

nationalization
  نفانش   
nafâneš

Fr.: nationalisation   

The transfer of a major branch of industry or commerce from private to state ownership or control (OxfordDictionaries.com)

nationalize; → -tion.

nationalize
  نفانیدن   
nafânidan

Fr.: nationaliser   

1) To bring under the ownership or control of a nation, as industries and land (Dictionary.com).

national; → -ize.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>