An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
calculator
  افمارگر   
afmârgar

Fr.: calculateur   

A small electronic device that performs calculations.

Calculator, from → calculate + → -tor.

Afmârgar, from afmârcalculate + -gar agent suffix, from kar-, kardan "to do, to make" (Mid.Pers. kardan, O.Pers./Av. kar- "to do, make, build," Av. kərənaoiti "makes," cf. Skt. kr- "to do, to make," krnoti "makes," karma "act, deed;" PIE base kwer- "to do, to make").

calculus
  افماریک   
afmârik

Fr.: calcul différentiel et intégral   

The branch of mathematics that deals with limits and the → differentiation and → integration of → functions of one or more → variables. Same as → infinitesimal calculus and → differential calculus .

L. calculus "small stone," from calx, calcis "limestone," → calculate, + -ulus diminutive suffix, → -ule.

Afmârik, from afmâr, → calculate + Pers. suffix -ik denoting a subject, a branch of sciences, a discipline, → ics.

calculus of finite differences
  افماریک ِ دگرسانی‌ها‌ی ِ کرانمند   
afmârik-e degarsânihâ-ye karânmand

Fr.: calcul des différences finies   

A → claculus based on the properties of the successive values of → variable quantities and their → differences or → increments.

calculus, → finite, → difference.

Afmârik, → calculus, degarsânihâ, plural of degarsân, → difference, karânmand, → finite.

calculus of probabilities
  افماریک ِ شوانایی‌ها   
afmârik-e šavânâihâ

Fr.: calcul des probabilités   

A branch of mathematics that deals with the calculation of the probabilities of events.

calculus; → probability.

Afmârik, → calculus; šavânâihâ, plural of šavânâiprobability.

calculus of residues
  افماریک ِ مونک‌ها   
afmârik-e munakhâ

Fr.: calcul des résidus   

The application of → Cauchy's theorem to compute residues and poles, evaluate contour integrals, sum infinite series, and carry out related calculations.

calculus; → residue.

calculus of tensors
  افماریک ِ تانسورها   
afmârik-e tânsorhâ

Fr.: calcul tensoriel   

The branch of mathematics dealing with the differentiation of tensors.

calculus; → tensor.

Afmârik, → calculus; → tensor.

calculus of variations
  افماریک ِ ورتش‌ها   
afmârik-e vartešhâ

Fr.: calcul des variations   

The study of maximum and minimum properties of → definite integrals.

calculus; → variation.

Afmârik, → calculus; vartešvariation.

calculus of vectors
  افماریک ِ بردارها   
afmârik-e bordârhâ

Fr.: calcul vectoriel   

The area of calculus dealing with differentiation and integration of vector-valued functions; a sub-area of tensor calculus.

calculus; → vector.

Afmârik, → calculus; bordâr, → vector.

caldera
  تیان   
tiyân

Fr.: caldeira   

A large, roughly circular, → crater with diameter at least three or four times depth on the summit or in the side of a → volcano. A caldera can form from a volcanic blast or the collapse of a volcanic cone into an emptied → magma chamber.

From Sp. caldera "cauldron, kettle," also name of a crater on Canary Islands, from L. caldarius "of warming," from calidus "warm, hot," → calorie.

Tiyân "large cauldron; cauldron used for warming water in a communal bathhouse," of unknown origin.

Caldwell Catalog
  کاتالوگ ِ کالدول   
kâtâlog-e Caldwell

Fr.: catalogue de Caldwell   

A collection of 109 impressive celestial objects compiled for amateur astronomers. These objects (→ star clusters, → nebulae, → supernova remnants, and → galaxies), selected from the → New General Catalog and the → Index Catalog, are not present in the → Messier catalog.

Named after Patrick Caldwell Moore (1923-2012), English amateur astronomer, who compiled the catalog in 1995; → catalog.

calendar
  ۱) گاهشمار، گاهشماری، گاهمار؛ ۲) سالنامه   
1) gâhšomâr (#), gâhšomâri (#), gâhmâr; 2) sâlnâmé (#)

Fr.: calendrier   

1) Any of various systems for measuring and recording the passage of time by dividing the year into days, weeks, and months.
2) A table showing the months, weeks, and days in at least one specific year.
chronology.

M.E. calender, from O.Fr. calendier, from L. calendarium "account book," from kalendae "calends" the first day of the Roman month, from calare "to announce solemnly, call out," as the priests did in proclaiming the new moon that marked the calends, from PIE base *kele- "to call, shout" (cf. Skt. usakala "cock," lit. "dawn-calling;" Gk. kaleo "to call," kelados "noise," kledon "report, fame;" O.H.G. halan, O.N. kalla "to call;" O.E. hlowan "to low;" Lith. kalba "language").

Gâhšomâr, gâhšomâri, gâhmâr from gâh "time," Mid.Pers. gâh, gâs, + šomâr, mâr "reckoning," → calculate.
Sâlnâmé, from sâl, → year, + nâmé "a writing, letter, book."

calendar day
  روز ِ گاهشماری، ~ گاهماری   
ruz-e gâhšomâri, ~ gâhmâri

Fr.: jour du calendrier   

A period of 24 hours, from one midnight to the following midnight.

calendar; → day.

calendar month
  ماه ِ گاهشماری، ~ گاهماری   
mâh-e gâhšomâri, ~ gâhmâri

Fr.: mois du calendrier   

One of the periods into which a calendar is divided, ordinarily 12, but in earlier systems 10 (the first Roman calendar under Romulus) or 13 (ancient Iranian calendar using a month intercalation).

calendar; → month.

calendar year
  سال ِ گاهشماری، ~ گاهماری   
sâl-e gâhšomâri, ~ gâhmâri

Fr.: année du calendrier   

The time interval between the new year's day in a given calendar system and the day before the following new year's day. In the Gregorian system the calendar year begins on January 1 and ends on December 31. In the Iranian calendar it begins on Farvardin 1, the day closest to the spring equinox and ends on Esfand 29 or 30.

calendar; → year.

calf
  ۱) گوگ، گوساله؛ ۲) پویز   
1) gug (#), gusâlé (#); 2) poviz

Fr.: 1) veau; 2) mollet   

1) Young of a bovine animal. See also → calve, → glacier calving.
2) The fleshy part of a person's → leg below the → knee.

M.E., from O.E. cealf, calf, cognate with M.Du. calf, Ger. Kalb, Gothic kalbo.

1) Gug (Dehxodâ), variant gog "calf;" probably from Proto-Ir. *gao-ka "baby cow, little caow," from *gao- "cow, bull," → cow, + suffix -*ak.
Gusâlé, literally "young in years," from gu, → cow, + sâl, → year.
2) Poviz, from Laki poviz "calf," may be ultimately from *povik, from *pov variant of "leg, → foot" + suffix-ik, → -ics; cf. Ilâmi, Nahâvandi piz "the leg calf."

calibrate
  کبیزیدن   
kabizidan

Fr.: étalonner   

To adjust or determine, by comparison with a standard, the response magnitude of a measuring instrument as a function of the input signal. For example, to determine line wavelengths in the spectrum of an astronomical object, or to graduate a hygrometer.

From M.Fr. calibre, via Sp. or It., from Ar. qalib "a mold, last," perhaps from Gk. kalopodion "a shoemaker's last," from kalon "wood" + podos gen. of pous "foot."

Kabizidan, verbal form of kabiz (varianats kaviz, kaviž, kafiz) "a measure for grain, a bushel," from Mid.Pers. kabiz "a grain measure," loaned in Arm. kapic "a grain measure," and in Gk. kapithe, as attested in Xenophon.

calibration
  کبیزش   
kabizeš

Fr.: étalonnage, calibration   

1) The act or process of calibrating or the state of being calibrated.
2) A set of graduations that show positions or values.

Calibration, noun from → calibrate.

Kabizeš, noun from kabizidan, → calibrate.

calibration curve
  خمِ کبیزش   
xam-e kabizeš

Fr.: courbe d'étalonnage   

An empirical curve obtained through appropriate exposures in order to determine the instrument's response. For example, a curve allowing the conversion of relative intensities of an observed object into absolute fluxes, or a curve relating the detector's pixel positions to wavelengths.

calibration; → curve.

calibration error
  ایرنگِ کبیزش   
irang-e kabizeš

Fr.: erreur d'étalonnage   

A systematic error in the constant values to be applied to a measuring instrument.

calibration; → error.

Irang, → error; kabizeš, → calibration.

calibration exposure
  نوردادِ کبیزش   
nurdâd-e kabizeš

Fr.: pose d'étalonnage   

An exposure obtained with an instrument mounted on the telescope using an artificial illuminating source in order to calibrate the instrument.

calibration; → exposure.

Nurdâd, → exposure; kabizeš, → calibration.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>