An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
academic
  فرهنگستانیک   
farhangestânik

Fr.: académique   

1) Of or relating to a college, academy, school, or other educational institution, especially one for higher education.
2) Pertaining to areas of study that are not primarily vocational or applied, as the humanities or pure mathematics.
3) Theoretical or hypothetical; not practical, realistic, or directly useful (Dictionary.com).

academy; → -ic.

academician
  فرهنگستانوند   
farhangestânvand

Fr.: académicien   

A member of an association or institution for the advancement of arts, sciences, or letters.

From Fr. académicien, from académic-, → academic, + -ian a suffix forming adjectives and nouns.

Farhangestânvand, from farhangestân, → academy, + -vand a suffix forming adjectives and agent nouns, → actual.

academy
  فرهنگستان   
farhangestân (#)

Fr.: académie   

1) A group of authorities and leaders in a field of scholarship, art, etc., who are often permitted to dictate standards, prescribe methods, and criticize new ideas.
2) An association or institution for the advancement of art, literature, or science (Dictionary.com).

From Fr. Académie, from L. Academia, from Gk. Akademeia "grove of Akademos," a legendary Athenian of the Trojan War tales, whose estate, six stadia from Athens, was the enclosure where Plato taught his school.

Farhangestân, literally "site of culture and education," from farhang, → culture, + -estân suffix of place and time, → summer.

accelerate
  شتابیدن، شتافتن؛ شتاباندن   
šetâbidan (#), šetâftan (#); šetâbândan (#)

Fr.: accélérer   

(v.tr.) To increase the velocity of a body; to cause to undergo acceleration.
(v.intr.) To increase in speed.

Verbal form of → acceleration.

accelerated motion
  جنبش ِ شتابدار   
jonbeš-e šetâbdâr (#)

Fr.: mouvement accéléré   

The motion of an object subject to → acceleration. Opposite to → uniform motion.

Accelerated, from → accelerate; → motion.

Jonbeš, → motion; šetâbdâr "accelerated," from šetâbaccelerate + dâr "having, possessor" (from dâštan "to have, to possess," Mid.Pers. dâštan, O.Pers./Av. root dar- "to hold, keep back, maitain, keep in mind;" cf. Skt. dhr-, dharma- "law;" Gk. thronos "elevated seat, throne;" L. firmus "firm, stable;" Lith. daryti "to make;" PIE *dher- "to hold, support").

accelerating
  شتابنده   
šetâbandé (#)

Fr.: en accélération   

Moving or proceeding with → acceleration; e.g. → accelerating system; → accelerating Universe.

Verbal adj. from → accelerate.

accelerating expansion of the Universe
  سپانش ِ شتابنده‌ی ِ گیتی   
sopâneš-e šetâbande-ye giti

Fr.: expansion accélérée de l'Univers   

accelerating Universe.

accelerating; → expansion; → Universe.

accelerating system
  راژمان ِ شتابنده   
râžmân-e šetâbandé

Fr.: système en accélération   

A material system that is subject to a constant force in each and every one of its instantaneous points of trajectory.

accelerating; → system.

accelerating Universe
  گیتی ِ شتابنده   
giti-ye šetâbandé (#)

Fr.: univers en accélération   

The deduction based on the observation that the most distant → Type Ia supernovae are fainter than that expected from their → redshifts in a matter-only dominated expanding Universe. The faintness is attributed to larger distances resulting from an accelerating Universe driven by presence of a new component with strongly negative pressure. This component that makes the Universe accelerate is named → dark energy. The deceleration or acceleration of an expanding Universe, given by the general relativistic equation, is: R../R = -(4/3)πGρ(1 + 3w), where R is the linear → cosmic scale factor of the expanding Universe, G the → gravitational constant, ρ the mean density of the Universe, and w the → equation of state parameter representing dark energy. The expansion accelerates whenever w is more negative than -1/3. The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011 was awarded to the initiators of this concept, Saul Perlmutter, Brian P. Schmidt, and Adam G. Riess, for their discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae. See also the original paper: Perlmutter et al. 1999, ApJ 517, 565.

accelerating; → universe.

acceleration
  شتاب   
šetâb (#)

Fr.: accélération   

The rate at which the velocity of an object changes with time.

Acceleration, from accelerate, from L. accelerare "quicken," from → ad- "to" + celerare "hasten," from celer "swift" (cf. Skt. car, carati "to move, go, drive," Gk. keles "fast horse, horse race," Av. kar- "to walk, move, go around," Mod.Pers. cal, calidan "to move, to go, to walk" (jald? "quick, active, brisk"), Gilaki/Hamadâni jal "quick, fast,"Lori žil "motion, impulse"); PIE *kel- "to drive, set in swift motion."

Šetâb "quickness, haste, speed," Mid.Pers. ôštâp "hurry, haste," ôštâftan "to hurry, hasten," from *abi.stap-, from abi- " to; in addition to; against" + *stap- "to oppress," Arm. (loanword) štap "haste, trouble."

acceleration of gravity
  شتاب ِ گرانی   
šetâb-e gerâni

Fr.: accélération de la gravité   

The acceleration that an object experiences because of gravity when it falls freely close to the surface of a massive body, such as a planet. Same as → gravitational acceleration.

acceleration; → gravity.

acceleration parameter
  پارامون ِ شتاب   
pârâmun-e šetâb

Fr.: paramètre d'accéleration   

A measure of the departure from a constant rate of the acceleration of the Universe, expressed by: q(t) = R(t)R ..(t)/R .2(t), where R(t) represents the size of the Universe at time t. Traditionally, a negative sign is inserted in the above equation for the → deceleration parameter.

acceleration; → parameter.

accelerator
  شتابگر   
šetâbgar (#)

Fr.: accélérateur   

A machine which accelerates charged atomic (ions of various elements) or subatomic particles (usually electrons and protons) to high energies. → cyclotron; → synchrotron.

Accelerator, from accelerate, → acceleration, + -or agent suffix, from M.E. -or, -our, from O.F. -eor, -eur, from L. -or.

Šetâbgar, from šetâbacceleration + -gar agent suffix, → -or.

acceptor
  پذیرنده   
pazirandé (#)

Fr.: accepteur   

In a → semiconductor, an → impurity which creates a hole in the electronic structure of the crystal and causes p conduction. → donor; → impurity.

M.E. acceptour, from O.Fr. acceptour, from L. acceptor, from acceptare "take or receive willingly," from accipere "to receive," from → ad- "to" + capere "to take, hold, seize," PIE base *kap- "to grasp" (cf. Skt. kapati "two handfuls," Gk. kaptein "to swallow," Goth. haban "have, hold," O.E. habban "to have, hold," probably Mod.Pers. qâp-, qâpidan, kapidan "to seize, rob," Av. haf-, hap- "to keep, observe").

Pazirandé agent noun from paziroftan "to receive, accept, admit," Mid.Pers. padiriftan, padir- "to receive, accept," from Proto-Iranian *pati- + *grab- "to grab, seize, take," Av./O.Pers. grab- "to take, seize;" cp. Skt. grah-, grabh- "to seize, take," graha "seizing, holding, perceiving," M.L.G. grabben "to grab," from P.Gmc. *grab (E. grab); PIE *ghrebh- "to seize."

access
  ۱) دسترسی داشتن؛ ۲) دسترسی   
1) dastrasi dâštan; 2) dastrasi (#)

Fr.: accès   

1) To have the right to connect to a computer or a server and retrieve information.
2) The act or instance of accessing a computer.

M.E. accesse, from O.Fr. acces "onslaught," from L. accessus "a coming to, an approach," p.p. of accedere "to approach, enter upon" from → ad- "to" + cedere "go, move."

Dastrasi "access," from dast "hand" (Mid.Pers. dast; O.Pers. dasta-; Av. zasta-; cf. Skt. hásta-; Gk. kheir; L. praesto "at hand;" Arm. jern "hand;" Lith. pa-žastis "arm-pit;" PIE *ghes-to-) + rasi, verbal noun of rasidan "to attain; to arrive" (Mid.Pers. rasidan "to arrive, to mature;" O.Pers./Av. rasa- present stem of ar- "to move, go or come toward;" cf. Skt. ar-, rcchati "reaches;" Gk. erkhomai "to go, to reach;" L. oriri "to rise"); dâštan "to have, hold, maintain, possess" (Mid.Pers. dâštan; O.Pers./Av. root dar- "to hold, keep back, maitain, keep in mind;" cf. Skt. dhr-, dharma- "law;" Gk. thronos "elevated seat, throne;" L. firmus "firm, stable;" Lith. daryti "to make;" PIE *dher- "to hold, support").

accident
  دشامد   
došâmad (#)

Fr.: accident   

An unexpected and undesirable event; an unforeseen and unplanned event or circumstance.

M.E., from M.Fr., from L. accidentum, pr.p. of accidere "to happen, fall out" from ad- "to" + cadere "to fall."

Došâmad, from doš- prefix meaning "bad, ill, abnormal" (Mid.Pers. duš-, duž-, O.Pers./Av. duš-, duž- "bad, ugly, evil," cognate with Skt. dus-, Gk. → dys- "bad, hard, unlucky") + âmad, from âmadan "to come, happen," as in the current term pišâmad "event, happening."

acclaim
  آزوییدن   
âzuyidan

Fr.: acclamer   

1) To welcome or salute with shouts or sounds of joy and approval; applaud.
2) To announce or proclaim with enthusiastic approval (Dictionary.com).

From ac-, variant of → ad-, + → claim.

accomplish
  انجام دادن   
anjâm dâdan (#)

Fr.: accomplir, exécuter   

To bring to its goal or conclusion; carry out; perform; finish (Dictionary.com).

M.E. accomplice, from O.Fr. acompliss-, p.p. stem of acomplir "to fulfill, complete," from L. → ad- "to" + complere "to fill up," → complete.

Anjâm dâdan, literally "to make an end of, to finish; to carry out," from anjâm "end, conclusion" (from Mid.Pers. hanjâm "end, completion, outcome;" ultimately from Proto-Ir. *ham-gam-, from *ham-, → com-, + *gam- "to come," cf. Av. gam- "to come," related to Pers. âmadan, → walk), + dâdan "to give, commit," → yield.

accomplishment
  انجامداد   
anjâmdâd

Fr.: œuvre accomplie, projet réalisé   

1) An act or instance of carrying into effect; fulfillment.
2) Something done admirably or creditably (Dictionary.com).

accomplish; → -ment.

account
  اژمر   
ažmar

Fr.: compte   

On a multiuser → computer system or → network, a method of identifying a particular → user, usually requiring a → password to enter.

M.E. a(c)ount(e), ac(c)ompte, from O.Fr. aco(u)nte, acont, "account, reckoning, terminal payment," from a "to," → ad- + cont "counting, reckoning of money to be paid," from L.L. computus "a calculation," from L. computare "calculate, → compute."

Ažmar, from Kurd. žmârtin, žmêr-, variant of šomâr, šomârdan "to → count."

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>