An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
continuous data
  داده‌های ِ پیوسته   
dâdehâ-ye peyvasté

Fr.: données continues   

Data that can take any value along a continuum (e.g. air temperature between two upper and lower boundaries) as opposed to → discrete data, which can only take integer values.

continuous; → data.

continuous function
  کریای ِ پیوسته   
karyâ-ye peyvasté

Fr.: fonction continue   

The function y = f(x) is called continuous at the point x = x0 if it is defined in some neighborhood of the point x0 and if lim Δy = 0 when Δx → 0.

continuous; → function.

continuous spectrum
  بیناب ِ پیوسته   
binâb-e peyvasté

Fr.: spectre continu   

An electromagnetic spectrum in which emitted or absorbed radiation is present continuously over all wavelengths in a given range.

continuous; → spectrum.

Binâb, → spectrum; peyvastécontinuous.

continuous variable
  ورتنده‌ی ِ پیوسته   
vartande-ye peyvasté

Fr.: variable continu   

A variable which has changes continuously, in contrast to → discrete variables.

continuous; → variable.

continuous-time quantum walk
  پویش ِ کو‌آنتومی با زمان ِ پیوسته   
puyeš-e kuântomi bâ zamân-e peyvasté

Fr.: marche quantique à temps continu   

A → quantum walk taking place entirely in the position space. Continuous-time quantum walk was introduced by E. Farhi & S. Gutmann (1998, Phys. Rev. A 58, 915).

continuous; → time; → quantum; → walk.

continuum
  پیوستار   
peyvastâr (#)

Fr.: continuum   

A continuous extent or succession, which has no discrete parts, as the continuum of real numbers as opposed to the sequence of discrete integers. → continuum emission.

From L. neut. of continuus, → continuous

Peyvastâr, from peyvast past tense stem of peyvastan "to connect, join," Mid.Pers. paywastan, from *pati-basta-, from suffix pati- (Mid.Pers. pât-, from O.Pers. paity "agaist, back, opposite to, toward, face to face, in front of," Av. paiti, akin to Skt. práti "toward, against, again, back, in return, opposite," Pali pati-, Gk. proti, pros "face to face with, toward, in addition to, near;" PIE *proti) + basta- "tied, shut" (Av./O.Pers. band- "to bind, fetter," banda- "band, tie," Skt. bandh- "to bind, tie, fasten," PIE *bhendh- "to bind," cf. Ger. binden, E. bind), cf. Skt. prati-bandh- "to tie." + -âr suffix forming verbal noun.

continuum emission
  گسیل ِ پیوستار   
gosil-e peyvastâr

Fr.: émission continuum   

A continuous radiation produced by three processes: radiative recombination due to transition between electron free-free states, two-photon decays of metastable levels, and thermal bremsstrahlung.

continuum; → emission.

continuum-driven wind
  باد ِ پیوستار‌زاد   
bâd-e peyvastârzâd

Fr.: vent induit par continuum   

The transfer of photon momentum to free electrons. The acceleration by → continuum emission can be given by: ac = (σ/m)(L*/4πR2c), where σ is the → Thomson scattering  → cross section, m is the mass per free electron, L* is → stellar luminosity, R* is radius, and c the → speed of light. The ratio of ac to the → surface gravity is ≅ 2 × 10-5L*/M*, with M* and L* in solar units. The atmosphere is is stable if ac very smaller than ggrav. If L* is above the → Eddington limit, the radiation pressure in the continuum leads to very heavy → mass loss and thus to expanding envelopes (K.S. de Boer & W. Seggewiss, 2008, Stars and Stellar Evolution, EDP Sciences).

continuum; → drive; → wind.

contour
  پربند   
parband (#)

Fr.: contour   

The outline of a figure or body; the edge or line that defines or bounds a shape or object.

From Fr. contour "circumference, outline," from Italian contorno, from M.L. contornare "to go around," from L. → com- intens. prefix + tornare "to turn on a lathe," from tornus "lathe."

Parband, from par- "around" (Mid.Pers. pêrâ, O.Pers. pariy "around, about," Av. pairi "around, over," Skt. pari, cf. Gk. peri "around, about, beyond," L. per "through," PIE *per- "through, across, beyond") + band "belt, gridle, anything by which bodies are joined; tie, band," from bastan "to bind, shut," (Mid.Pers. bastan/vastan,Av./O.Pers. band- "to bind, fetter," banda- "band, tie," Skt. bandh- "to bind, tie, fasten," PIE *bhendh- "to bind," cf. Ger. binden, E. bind).

contour line
  خط ِ پربند   
xatt-e parband

Fr.: contour   

A line joining points of equal elevation or on a surface or points of equal intensity in a map.

contour; → line.

contour map
  نقشه‌ی ِ پربندی   
naqše-ye parbandi

Fr.: carte de contours   

A map showing the flux intensity variations over an extended object made up of → contour lines.

contour; → map.

contra-
  پاد-   
pâd- (#)

Fr.: contre-   

A prefix meaning "against; contrary; opposing."

From L. contra "against," passed (via O.Fr.) into E. as → counter-.

contract
  ترنگیدن   
terengidan

Fr.: se contracter, contracter   

1) To become smaller, shorter, tighter, as a metal when cooled.
2) To reduce to smaller size by or as if by squeezing or forcing together, e.g. contract a muscle.
contraction, → gravitational contraction, → Kelvin-Helmholtz contraction, → length contraction, → Lorentz contraction, → vena contracta.

From M.E., from O.F., from L. contractus, p.p. of contrahere "to draw together," from → com- "together" + trahere "to draw."

Terengidan, variant taranjidan [Dehxodâ] "to contract, become rough and hard, to be squeezed, compressed," Borujerdi terengessa "cramped, tightly dressed," Malâyeri terengidan "to be tightly dressed, cramped in a garment," related to tarang "horse girth, a strap for fastening a load," Proto-Iranian *trng- "to pull tight, squeeze, compress;" PIE base *strenk- "to pull tight, twist; tight, narrow" (cf. L. stringere "to bind or draw tight;" Gk. strangein "to twist;" Lith. stregti "to congeal;" O.E. streccian "to stretch," streng "string;" Ger. stramm, Du. stram "stiff").

contraction
  ترنگش   
terengeš

Fr.: contraction   

An act or instance of contracting; the quality or state of being contracted.
gravitational contraction, → Kelvin-Helmholtz contraction, → length contraction, → Lorentz contraction.

Verbal noun of → contract.

contradiction
  پادگویی   
pâdguyi (#)

Fr.: contradiction   

1) The act of contradicting; assertion of the contrary or opposite.
2) Logic: A statement that is false under all circumstances.

M.E., from O.Fr. contradiction or directly from L. contradictionem "objection, counterargument," from contradicere, from contra dicere "to speak against," from → contra- "against" + dicere "to speak," akin to Pers. dis, → form.

Pâdguyi, literally "speaking against," from pâd, → counter-, + guyi, from goftan, → logic.

contradictory
  پادگویانه   
pâdguyâné (#)

Fr.: contradictoire   

Asserting the contrary or opposite; contradicting; inconsistent; logically opposite (Dictionary.com).

Adjective from → contradiction.

contrary
  پارون   
pârun

Fr.: contraire   

1) Opposite in nature or character; diametrically or mutually opposed.
2) Opposite in direction or position (Dictionary.com).

From Anglo-French contrarie, O.Fr. contrarie, and directly from L. contrarius "opposite, opposed; contrary, reverse," from contra "against"

Pârun, → opposite.

contrast
  پادسانی   
pâdsâni

Fr.: contraste   

In an → image, the degree of distinction between areas with different → brightness levels; in other words, the → ratio of the brightness between light and → dark areas.

From Fr. contraster, from It. contrastare "stand out against," from V.L. *contrastare "to withstand," from L. → contra- "against" + stare "to stand," (cf. Pers. istâdan "to stand," O.Pers./Av. sta- "to stand, stand still; set," Skt. sthâ- "to stand," Gk. histemi "put, place, weigh," PIE base *sta- "to stand").

Pâdsâni, from pâd- "agianst," → contra- + sân "manner, semblance," variant sun, Mid.Pers. sân "manner, kind," Sogdian šôné "career" + -i noun suffix.

contravariant tensor
  تانسور ِ پادورتا   
tânsor-e pâdvartâ

Fr.: tenseur contravariant   

A tensor whose components are distinguished by → superscript indices.

contra-; + variant; → variance; → tensor.

contribute
  همباژیدن   
hambâžidan

Fr.: contribuer   

1) To give or supply (help, money, etc.) for a common purpose.
2) To provide (ideas, suggestions, work, etc.) for a common goal, such as an article, a book.

From L. contributus, p.p. of contribuere "to bring together, unite, collect," from → com- + tribuere "to pay, assign, allot," from tribus "tribe."

Hambâžidan, from ham- "together," → com-, + bâž "tribute, toll, impost," → distribute.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>