An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
curve of growth
  خم ِ رویش   
xam-e ruyeš

Fr.: courbe de croissance   

A plot showing how the → equivalent width of an → absorption line, or the radiance of an → emission line, increases as a → function of the → number of → atoms that produce the line.

curve; → growth.

curved
  خمیده   
xamidé (#)

Fr.: courbé   

Not straight.

Adj. from → curve.

curvilinear
  خم‌خط   
xam-xatt

Fr.: curviligne   

Consisting of, represented by, or bound by curved lines. → rectilinear.

From → curve + → linear.

cusp
  تیزه   
tizé (#)

Fr.: cuspide   

1) General: Pointed end. A point of transition. → polar cusp.
2) Either point of a → crescent moon.
3) A steep power-law representing the number density of stars in the central region of a galaxy. Cusps are characteristic of low-mass ellipticals. They are thought to result from the gravitational attraction of a central → supermassive black hole.
4) A peaked concentration of dark matter in the center of galaxies, as predicted by the → cold dark matter (CDM) model of galaxy formation. See also → cusp problem.
5) Math: A tooth-like meeting of two branches of a curve, with sudden change of direction.

L. cuspis "point, spear, pointed end."

Tizé, noun from tiz "sharp, pointed," from Mid.Pers. tēz, tēž, tigr "sharp," O.Pers. tigra- "pointed," Av. taēža-, tighra- "pointed," Skt. taējas- "the sharp edge (of a knife), piercing (flame)", from tij- "to be sharp, to pierce," Gk. stizein "to prick, puncture," stigma "mark made by a pointed instrument," L. instigare "to goad," P.Gmc. *stik- "to pierce, prick, be sharp," O.H.G. stehhan, Ger. stechen "to prick," O.E. stician "to pierce, stab," E. stick "to pierce;" PIE *st(e)ig- "to stick; pointed".

cusp problem
  پراسه‌ی ِ تیزه   
parâse-ye tizé

Fr.: problème des cuspides   

A problem encountered by the → cold dark matter (CDM) model of galaxy formation. The numerical simulations with CDM predict a large concentration of dark matter in the center of galaxies, with a peaked density distribution, in contrast to the real, observed galaxies. See also: → angular momentum catastrophe; → missing dwarfs.

cusp; → problem.

cut
  بریدن   
boridan (#)

Fr.: couper   

To penetrate or divide something, as with a sharp-edged instrument.

M.E. cutten, kytten, kitten; O.E. *cyttan, cognate with O.Swed. kotta "to cut;" O.N. kuti "little knife," or from O.Fr. couteau "knife."

Boridan "to cut off;" Mid.Pers. brin-, britan, brinitan "to cut off," brin "cut, delimitation, determined;" Av. (pairi-) brī- "to shave, shear;" cf. Skt. bhrī- "to hurt, injure," bhrinanti "they hurt."

cutoff
  بره   
boré

Fr.: coupure   

1) A designated limit beyond which the passage of something must be stopped.
2) A device that cuts off a transmission of photons.

cut; → off.

Boré, from bor- present stem of boridan "to → cut" + noun suffix .

cutoff filter
  پالایه‌ی ِ بره   
pâlâye-ye boré

Fr.: filtre à coupure   

Filter rejecting all light with wavelengths on one side of the cutoff wavelength.

cutoff; → filter.

cutoff voltage
  ولتاژ ِ بره   
voltâž-e boré

Fr.: tension de coupure   

The electrode voltage which reduces the value of a dependent variable, e.g. anode current, to a specified low value.

cutoff; → voltage.

cutoff wavelength
  موج-طول ِ بره   
mowj-tul-e boré

Fr.: longueur d'onde de coupure   

Wavelength at which the transmittance of a filter, or the detectivity of a detector, has fallen to one-half its peak value.

cutoff; → wavelength.

cyanide
  سیانور   
siyânur (#)

Fr.: cyanure   

A chemical compound that contains the → cyano radical, -CN. Most cyanides are highly toxic.

cyano-; → -ide.

cyano radical
  رادیکال ِ سیانو   
râdikâl-e siyâno

Fr.: radical cyano   

A diatomic chemical radical composed of carbon and nitrogen atoms. The triple bonds of C to H leave one electron available, which makes the CN radical very reactive. Organic molecules with the -CN group are potential sources of → prebiotic amino acids. Same as the → CN molecule. The CN radical was first identified by Gay-Lussac, who in 1815 published an extensive study of the derivatives of prussic acid (→ hydrogen cyanide). He showed that the cyano radical remained intact throughout a series of chemical transformations. Also called cyanogen radical.

cyano-; → radical.

cyano-
  سیانو-   
siyâno- (#)

Fr.: cyano-   

1) A combining form meaning "blue, dark blue," used in the formation of compound words. Also cyan- before a vowel.
2) A combining form representing → cyanide in the formation of chemical compounds.

From Gk. kyanos "dark blue, lapis lazuli," because of its presence in the Prussian blue, Fe7(CN)18, a dye which was first accidentally made around 1706, by heating substances containing iron and carbon and nitrogen.

cyanogen
  سیانوژن   
siyânožen (#)

Fr.: cyanogène   

1) A colorless, very poisonous, flammable gas with a smell of bitter almonds. Chemical formula: C2N2. It was discovered by Louis Joseph Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) in 1848.
2) A univalent radical, CN, found in simple and complex cyanide compounds. CN exists in → interstellar medium and is one of the main molecules detected in → comets. It has energy levels at 113 and 227 GHz (2.6 and 1.3 mm wavelength) above the ground level.

cyano- + → -gen.

cyanogen band
  باند ِ سیانوژن   
bând-e siyânožen (#)

Fr.: bande de cyanogène   

An → absorption band of molecular origin characterizing the spectra of → late-type stars (G0 and later, e.g. → S star). → Cyanogen absorption is an important → luminosity criterion for → low-mass stars, and is more pronounced in → giant stars than in → dwarf stars of the same → spectral type.

cyanogen; → band.

cycle
  چرخ، چرخه   
carx (#), carxé (#)

Fr.: cycle   

1) A sequence of changes that are repeated regularly, such as revolution, rotation, vibration, oscillation, wave motion.
2) One complete set of changes in the value of a → periodic function during one period.
3) A period of time at the end of which an event or sequence of events are repeated.
carbon cycle, → Carnot cycle, → CNO cycle, → cycle shape, → hydrologic cycle, → Metonic cycle, → Milankovich cycle, → solar activity cycle, → solar cycle, → solar magnetic cycle, → sunspot cycle, → epicycle, → recycle.
4) In → graph theory, a closed → path with at least one → edge.

From L.L. cyclus, from Gk. kyklos "circle, wheel," from PIE base *kw(e)-kwl-o- "wheel, circle," from *kwel- "to turn, move around, sojourn, dwell," (cf. Av. caxra- "wheel," caraiti "he moves, approaches;" Mod.Pers. carx "wheel;" Skt. cakra- "wheel, circle; cycle," carati "he moves, wanders;" Gk. polos "axis of a sphere," polein "move around;" L. colere "to dwell in, to cultivate, move around," colonus "farmer, settler;" O.E. hweol "wheel;" Rus. koleso "awheel").

Carx "every thing performing a circulatory motion; a wheel; a cart," Mid.Pers. chr "wheel," Parthian cxr "wheel," Ossetic, Khotanese calx "wheel," Av. caxra- "wheel," cognate with Gk. kyklos "circle, wheel," as above. Carxé from carx + nuance suffix .

cycle shape
  شکل ِ چرخه   
šekl-e carxe

Fr.: forme de cycle   

A graph displaying the average → sunspot number over each → sunspot cycle. It presents a shape of skewed → Gaussian: the rise to maximum is faster than the decline to minimum.

cycle; → shape.

cyclic
  چرخه‌ای   
carxe-yi (#)

Fr.: cyclique   

Of, pertaining to, or constituting a cycle or cycles.

cycle; → -ic.

cyclic coordinate
  همارای ِ نادیده‌انگاشته   
hamârâ-ye nâdidé engâshté

Fr.: coordonnée ignorée   

Same as → ignorable coordinate.

cyclic; → coordinate.

cyclic group
  گروه ِ چرخه‌ای   
goruh-e carxe-yi

Fr.: groupe cyclic   

A group in which each element can be expressed as a power of any other element.

cyclic; → group.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>