An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
disinfect
  وافژیدن   
vâfažidan

Fr.: désinfecter   

To remove infection the use of appropriate means.

dis-; → infect.

disinfectant
  وافژنده   
vâfažande

Fr.: infectant   

Any agent, such as a chemical, heat, or radiation, that destroys or inhibits the growth of disease carrying microorganisms.

disinfect; → -ant.

disintegration
  واپاشی، فروپاشی   
vâpâši, forupâši (#)

Fr.: desintégration   

The breaking up of a body into fragments. For example, that of an unstable nuclei either spontaneously or as a result of bombardment by fast-moving particles, or the breaking up of a comet.

Disintegration, verbal noun of disintegrate, from → dis- + → integration.

Vâpâši, forupâši, from vâ-, frou-de- + pâši, noun of pâšidandisperse.

disjunct
  واجوهه   
vâjuhé

Fr.:   

Any of the components in a logical → disjunction.

disjunction.

disjunction
  واجوهش   
vâjuheš

Fr.: disjonction   

A → proposition of the form "A or B" (A ∨ B), where A and B are themselves propositions. A disjunction is → true when one or the other of its components (called → disjuncts) is true, and false otherwise.

dis-; → junction.

disk
  گرده، دیسک   
gerdé (#), disk

Fr.: disque   

1) General: Any thin, flat, circular plate or object.
2) Math.: The domain bounded by a circle.
3) Astro.: A thin, flattened material structure encompassing a central object, such as a star or a galactic nuclear region. → accretion disk; → circumnuclear disk; → circumstellar disk; → galactic disk.

Computers: Any of several types of material support on which data can be encoded.

From L. discus "quoit, discus, disk," from Gk. diskos, from dikein "to throw." → dish.

Gerdé, from Mid.Pers. girdag "disk, round," from gird/girt "round, all around," Proto-Iranian *gart- "to twist, to wreathe," cf. Skt krt "to twist threads, spin; to wind; to surround;" kata- "a twist of straw," Pali kata- "ring, bracelet," Gk. kartalos "a kind of basket," kyrtos "curved;" disk loanword from Fr.

disk accretion
  فربال ِ گرده‌ای، ~ پت گرده، ~ ~ دیسک   
farbâl-e gerde-yi, ~ pat geredé, ~ ~ disk

Fr.: accrétion par disque   

An accretion process involving an → accretion disk.

disk; → accretion.

disk galaxy
  کهکشان ِ گرده‌دار   
kahkešân-e gerdedâr

Fr.: galaxie à disque   

A galaxy consisting of a thin disk of stars and → interstellar matter which may include → spiral arms and → bar.

disk; → galaxy.

disk instability
  ناپایداری ِ گرده، ~ دیسک   
nâpâydâri-ye gerdé, ~ disk

Fr.: instabilité de disque   

1) General: The process by which an → accretion disk cools, causing it to fragment into self-gravitating → clumps.
2) A model of → planet formation in which a region of a → circumstellar disk becomes dense and cool enough to be unstable to → gravitational collapse, resulting in the formation of a gaseous → protoplanet. Disk instability has been put forward as a mechanism for forming massive → giant planets on short time-scales (1 Ky-1 My).
3) In models of galactic structure, a process that is thought to cause the formation of → pseudo-bulges.
4) → disk instability model (DIM).

disk; → instability.

disk instability model (DIM)
  مدل ِ ناپایداری ِ گرده، ~ ~ دیسک   
model-e nâpâydâri-ye gerdé, ~ ~ disk

Fr.: modèle d'instabilité de disque   

A model describing → dwarf novae and → Soft X-ray Transient (SXT)s. Accordingly, these objects are triggered by an → accretion disk instability due to an abrupt change in opacities (→ opacity) at → temperatures at which hydrogen is partially ionized. All versions of the DIM have this ingredient. They differ in assumptions about → viscosity, and about what happens at the inner and outer disk radii. Basically, during → quiescence, material accumulates in the accretion disk until a critical point is reached. The disk then becomes unstable and is dumped onto the → compact object, releasing a burst of → X-rays. However, the greater duration of SXT bursts (months) and the time interval between bursts (decades) cannot be accounted for by the standard disk instability model used for dwarf novae, and additional factors such as X-ray illumination and irradiation of the accretion disk are required for the model to match the observed properties of SXTs (J-P Lasota and J-M Hameury, 1995).

disk; → instability; → model.

disk locking
  گیرکرد ِ دیسک، ~ گرده   
girkard-e disk, ~ gerdé

Fr.: blocage de disque   

In star formation models involving magnetized accretion, a process whereby the stellar rotational → angular velocity becomes equal to the → Keplerian angular velocity of the → accretion disk. This happens at the → corotation radius. Disk locking is believed to be responsible for efficient loss of stellar → angular momentum during the → pre-main sequence contraction of → T Tauri stars. These stars are expected to spin up by a factor of about 3 due to contraction after being magnetically disconnected from the → circumstellar disk. However, observations show that a large fraction of pre-main sequence stars evolve at nearly constant angular velocity through the first 4 Myr. This process results from → magnetic braking. The idea of magnetic disk locking originated with the theory developed by Ghosh & Lamb (1979, ApJ 232, 259) for → neutron stars.

M.E., from O.E. lucan "to lock, to close," from loc "bolt, fastening, enclosure;" cf. M.L.G. lok, O.H.G. loh, O.N. lok "a cover, lid," Goth. -luk in usluk "opening," Ger. Loch "opening, hole," Du. luck "shutter."

Girkard, from gir "hold, block," from gereftan "to seize, hold, take," → eclipse, + kard noun from kardan "to do," → work.

disk partition
  پرکش ِ دیسک، ~ گرده   
parkeš-e disk, ~ gerde

Fr.: partition de disque   

A logical division of a hard disk that is treated as a separate unit by operating systems and file systems.

disk; → partition.

disk population
  پرینش ِ گرده، ~ ِ دیسک   
porineš-e gerdé, ~ disk

Fr.: population disque   

Of a spiral galaxy, those stars that lie in a flattened disk and move in nearly circular orbits around its centre. They are Population I stars of all ages up to the age of the disk, but in general are younger than stars in → halo population.

disk; population, from L.L. populationem "a people, multitude," from populatio, from populare "to inhabit," from populus "people," related to plebes "the common people," cf. Gk. plethos "people, multitude, great number," from PIE base *pel- "to be full;" Mod.Pers. por "full," O.Pers. paru- "much, many," Av. pouru- "much, many," pərəna- "full," par- "to fill," Skt. puru-, Gk. polus, O.E. full "completely, full," from P.Gmc. *fullaz, O.H.G. fol, Ger. voll, Goth. full.

Like Gk., Pers. uses the concepts of "multitude, many, full" to denote "people, group, herd, flock". The following examples are all terms derived from O.Pers. paru- "much, many," Av. par- "to fill," pouru- "much, many," pərəna- "full" (Mod.Pers. por "full"): literary Pers. bâré "herd, flock," parré "a rank or file of soldiers, a circular disposition of troops," Lori, Qâyeni bor "group, tribe, herd," Torbat-Heydariyeyi, Qomi borr "heap, bundle, group," Qomi borreh "group, assemblage of people," Pashtu parrak "flock, herd," Urdu para "flock, herd," Lârestâni baila "group, tribe," Tabari balik "herd, flock." With this introduction, porineš "population," verbal noun of porinidan "to populate," infinitive of porin "populous," from por "mutitude, many, full" + -in attribution suffix.

disk quota
  بهرال ِ دیسک   
bahrâl-e disk

Fr.: quota de disque   

Computers: The specific amount of disk space that a user or service is allowed to use.

disk; → quota.

disk settling
  نیاشش ِ گرده، ~ دیسک   
niyâšeš-e gerdé, ~ disk

Fr.: stabilisation de disque   

The process whereby a → galaxy evolves from a disturbed to an ordered system, as it develops into a → rotation dominated → settled disk.

disk; → settling.

disk star
  ستاره‌ی ِ گرده، ~ دیسک   
setâre-ye gerdé, ~ disk

Fr.: étoile de disque   

A star that lies within the → galactic disk of a → spiral galaxy. Stars belonging to the → thin disk, such as the Sun or Alpha Centauri, lie at a typical distance of about 1,000 → light-years from the galactic midplane. There are also → thick disk stars, such as Lalande 21185, that lie at an average distance of about 3,500 light-years from the midplane.

disk; → star.

disk truncation
  کل‌کرد ِ دیسک، ~ گرده   
kolkard-e disk, ~ gerdé

Fr.: troncature de disque   

In models of magnetized → accretion disks, the process whereby the disk is disrupted at a radius where the → magnetic pressure overcomes the → ram pressure of the accreted material. This occurs at a distance typically 3-7 stellar radii, below the → corotation radius.

disk; → truncation.

disk wind
  باد ِ گرده   
bâd-e gerdé

Fr.: vent de disque   

In → magnetocentrifugal models of → protostars, the wind arising from a significant range of radii in the → accretion disk. The contribution from innermost parts of the disk is dealt with by the → X-wind model. (Königl A. and Pudritz R. E., 2000, In Protostars and Planets IV, V. Mannings, et al. (eds.), Tucson: Univ. Arizona Press, p. 759).

disk; → wind.

disk-like bulge
  کوژ ِ گرده‌وار   
kuž-e gerdevâr

Fr.: bulbe en forme de disque   

A → galaxy bulge that is flatter than a → classical bulge. Such bulges might be difficult to see in very inclined galaxies. They may contain sub-structures such as nuclear → bars, → spiral arms, or → rings. They usually show signs of → dust obscuration, younger → stellar populations, or ongoing → star formation. These systems seem to form mostly through disk instabilities (→ disk instability), such as bars, in a relatively slow, continuous and smooth process. Essentially, such instabilities induce a redistribution of → angular momentum along the galaxy, and, as a result, mostly gas but also stars are driven to the disk center. Also called → pseudo-bulge (Kormendy & Kennicutt, 2004, ARA&A 42, 603; Fisher & Drory, 2010, ApJ 716, 942).

-disk; → like; → bulge.

disorder
  بیرایگی   
birâyegi

Fr.: désordre   

A lack of → order. See → entropy.

dis-; → order.

Birâyegi, from birâyé, → disordered, + -(g)i noun suffix.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>