An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
dynamical law
  قانون ِ توانیک   
qânun-e tavânik

Fr.: loi dynamique   

A law that describes the motion of individual particles in a system, in contrast to → statistical laws.

dynamical; → law.

dynamical mass
  جرم ِ توانیک   
jerm-e tavânik

Fr.: masse dynamique   

The mass of an object derived indirectly from theoretical formulae based on the laws governing the behavior of a → dynamical system.

dynamical; → mass.

dynamical parallax
  دیدگشت ِ توانیک   
didgašt-e tavânik

Fr.: parallaxe dynamique   

A method for deriving the distance to a binary star. The angular diameter of the orbit of the stars around each other and their apparent brightness are observed. By applying Kepler's laws and the mass-luminosity relation, the distance of the binary star can be calculated.

dynamical; → parallax.

dynamical relaxation
  واهلش ِ توانیک   
vâheleš-e tavânik

Fr.: relaxation dynamique   

The evolution over time of a gravitationally → bound system consisting of N components because of encounters between the components, as studied in → stellar dynamics. Due to this process, in a → star cluster, → low-mass stars may acquire larger random velocities, and consequently occupy a larger volume than → high-mass stars. As a result, massive stars sink to the cluster centre on a time-scale that is inversely proportional to their mass. See also → mass segregation.

dynamical; → relaxation.

dynamical stream
  رابه‌ی ِ توانیک   
râbe-ye tavânik

Fr.: courant dynamique   

A group of stars pervading the Solar neighbourhood and travelling in the → Galaxy with a similar spatial velocity, such as the → Ursa Major star cluster, The term dynamical stream is more appropriate than the traditional term supercluster since it involves stars of di fferent ages, not born at the same place nor at the same time. A possible explanation for the presence of young groups in the same area as those streams is that they have been put there by the → spiral wave associated with their formation place, while kinematics of the older stars of the sample have also been disturbed by the same wave. The seemingly peculiar chemical composition of the Hyades-Pleiades stream suggests that this stream originates from a specific galactocentric distance and that it was perturbed by a spiral wave at a certain moment and radially pushed by the wave in the solar neighbourhood. This would explain why this stream is composed of stars sharing a common metallicity but not a common age (Famaey et al. 2005, A&A 430, 165).

dynamical; → stream.

dynamical system
  راژمان ِ توانیک   
râžmân-e tavânik

Fr.: système dynamique   

A system composed of one or more entities in which one state develops into another state over the course of time.

dynamical; → system.

dynamical time
  زمان ِ توانیک   
zamân-e tavânik

Fr.: temps dynamique   

The independent variable in the theories which describe the motions of bodies in the solar system. The most widely used form of it, known as Terrestrial Time (TT) or Terrestrial Dynamical Time (TDT) uses a fundamental 86,400 Systeme Internationale seconds (one day) as its fundamental unit. → Terrestrial Time; → Terrestrial Dynamical Time; → Barycentric Dynamical Time.

dynamical; → time.

dynamical time scale
  مرپل ِ زمانی ِ توانیک   
marpel-e zamâni-ye tavânik

Fr.: échelle de temps dynamique   

1) The characteristic time it takes a protostellar cloud to collapse if the pressure supporting it against gravity were suddenly removed; also known as the → free-fall time.
2) → crossing time for a stellar system like a galaxy.

dynamical; → time-scale.

dynamical variable
  ورتنده‌ی ِ توانیک   
vartande-ye tavânik

Fr.: variable dynamique   

Mechanics: One of the variables used to describe a system in classical mechanics, such as coordinates (of a particle), components of velocity, momentum, angular momentum, and functions of these quantities.

dynamical; → variable.

dynamics
  توانیک   
tavânik

Fr.: dynamique   

The branch of → mechanics that explains how particles and systems move under the influence of forces.

dynamic; → -ics.

dynamo
  توانزا   
tavânzâ (#)

Fr.: dynamo   

An electric generator, i.e. a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by virtue of the → electromagnetic induction.

From Ger. dynamoelektrischemaschine, coined (1867) by the German inventor Werner von Siemens (1816-1892), from Gk. dynamis "power," → dynamics.

Tavânzâ, from tavân "power," → dynamics + -zâ "generator," from zâdan "to give birth," Mid.Pers. zâtan, Av. zan- "to bear, give birth to a child, be born," infinitive zazâite, zâta- "born," cf. Skt. janati "begets, bears," L. gignere "to beget," PIE base *gen- "to give birth, beget."

dynamo effect
  اسکر ِ دینامو   
oskar-e dinâmo

Fr.: effet dynamo   

The generation of magnetic fields by movements within a → plasma, such as the → convective cores and → convective envelopes of stars. The magnetic field is intensified by the motion of the plasma in much the same way as in a dynamo. The generated magnetic field is not static, but evolves over time.

dynamo; → effect.

dynamo model
  مدل ِ توانزا   
model-e tavânzâ

Fr.: modèle dynamo   

A theory for the generation of a star's or planet's magnetic field by the circulation of conducting fluids inside it. → solar dynamo.

dynamo; → model.

dynamo theory
  نگره‌ی ِ توانزا   
negare-ye tavânzâ

Fr.: théorie de la dynamo   

Branch of magnetohydrodynamics concerned with self-excitation of magnetic fields in any large rotating mass of conducting fluid in motion (usually turbulent). Self-exciting dynamo action is believed to account for magnetic fields at the planetary, stellar, and galactic scales.

dynamo; → theory.

dynamometer
  توان سنج   
tavânsanj (#)

Fr.: dynamomètre   

A device for measuring mechanical force; specifically, one that measures the output or driving torque of a rotating machine.

Dynamometer, from → dynamo + → -meter.

Tavânsanj, from tavân "power," → dynamics + -sanj, → -meter.

dyne
  دین   
din (#)

Fr.: dyne   

The centimeter-gram-second (cgs) unit of force (symbol dyn) that imparts an acceleration of 1 cm s-2 to a mass of 1 gram. 1 dyn = 10-5 → newton.

From Fr., from dynamis "power," → dynamics.

dynode
  دینود   
dinod (#)

Fr.: dynode   

An electrode that performs electron multiplication by means of secondary emission.

From dyn(a)- a combining form meaning "power," → dynamics + -ode a combining form meaning "way, road," used in the formation of compound words (anode; electrode), from Gk. hodos "way."

As above.

dys-
  دش-، دژ-   
doš- (#), dož- (#)

Fr.: dys-   

prefix meaning "bad, ill, abnormal."

From Gk. dys- "bad, hard, unlucky," cognate with O.Pers. duš-, Av. duž- (see below), Skt. dus- "bad, wrong, difficult, un-, -less," PIE *dus- "bad, ill."

Doš-, dož- "bad, ill, abnormal," from Mid.Pers. duž-, duš-, O.Pers. duš- (dušiyâr- "bad year, famine"), Av. duž-, duš- "bad" (duž-mainnyav- "evil-minded, enemy," Mod.Pers. došman "enemy"); PIE *dus-, as above.

Dysnomia (136199 Eris I)
  دوسنمیا   
Dusnomiya (#)

Fr.: Dysnomia   

A → satellite of the → dwarf planet → Eris.

Dysnomia in Gk. mythology is the daughter of Eris and the goddess of lawlessness.

Dyson shell
  پوسته‌ی ِ دایسون   
puste-ye Dyson

Fr.: couche de Dyson   

Dyson sphere.

Dyson; → shell.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>