An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
ethno-
  قوم-   
qowm- (#)

Fr.: ethno-   

A combining form meaning "race, culture, people."

From Gk. ethnos "people, nation, class, tribe."

Qowm- loan from Ar. qaum "people, tribe, family."

ethnoastronomy
  قوم‌اخترشناسی   
qowm-axtarshenâsi

Fr.: ethnologie   

The study of the beliefs, interpretations, and practices of specific cultures regarding celestial objects or phenomena. Ethnoastronomy uses the tools and methodologies of → ethnology in the study of astronomical conceptions.

ethno-; → astronomy.

ethnology
  قوم‌شناسی   
qowmšenâsi

Fr.: ethnologie   

The study of specific cultures (ethnic groups) in their different aspects (anthropological, social, cultural, etc.) to establish similarities and disparities between them.

ethno-; → logy.

ethyl
  اتیل   
etil (#)

Fr.: éthyl   

A chemical group, C2H5, produced by removing a hydrogen atom from → ethane. For example, ethyl chloride is C2H5Cl

From Ger. Ethyl, from eth-, from → ether, + -yl a suffixed used in the names of radicals.

ethyl alcohol
  اتیل الکل   
etil alkol (#)

Fr.: éthyl alcool   

Same as → ethanol.

ethyl; → alcohol.

etymology
  ریشه‌شناسی   
riše-šenâsi (#)

Fr.: étymologie   

The study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of → words.

M.E., from L. etymologia, from Gk. etymologia, from etymon "true sense" (neuter of etymos) + logos, → -logy.

Riše-šenâsi, from rišé "root" (dialectal Tabari rexa; Kurd. regez, riše), from Mid.Pers. rêšak "root," maybe ultimately related to PIE *u(e)rad-, although the Skt. offshoot is absent (Gk. rhiza "root;" L. radix, radius "staff;" O.H.G. wurz "plant, herb;" Ger. Wurz; O.E. rot; E. root) + -šenâsi, → -logy.

eu-
  هو-   
hu- (#)

Fr.: eu-   

A prefix meaning "good, well; true, genuine" (eupepsia; eukaryote); opposed to → dys-.

L. from Gk. eu "well," combining form of eus "good" (hu-gies "healthy"); cf. Mid.Pers. hu-; Av. hu- "good;" PIE base *su- "good," see below.

Mid.Pers. hu- "good, well" (hu-boy "sweet-smelling," hu-cihr "beautiful," hu-mânih "good-mindedness"); O.Pers. hu- "good, well" (ukāra- "having good people"); Av. hu-, hū- "well, good, beautiful" (hu-kərp- "well-shapen," hūxta- "well spoken," hu-manah- "good-minded"); Skt. su- "good" (svasti "well-being, good luck," sumánas- "good-minded," sūktá- "well spoken"); Gallic su-; O.S. su-; Welsh hy-; PIE base *su-, as above.

Euclidean
  اقلیدوسی   
Oqlidosi (#)

Fr.: euclidien   

Of or pertaining to Euclid, or his postulates. → Euclidean division, → Euclidean geometry, → Euclidean space, → non-Euclidean geometry.

After the Gk. geometrician and educator at Alexandria, around 300 B.C., who applied the deductive principles of logic to geometry, thereby deriving statements from clearly defined axioms.

Euclidean division
  بخش ِ اقلیدوسی   
baxš-e Oqlidosi

Fr.: division euclidienne   

In arithmetic, the conventional process of division of two → integers. For a → real number a divided by b > 0, there exists a unique integer q and a real number r, 0 ≤ r <b, such that a = qb + r.

Euclidean; → division.

Euclidean geometry
  هندسه‌ی ِ اقلیدوسی   
hendese-ye Oqlidosi (#)

Fr.: géométrie euclidienne   

The geometry based on the postulates or descriptions of Euclid. One of the critical assumptions of the Euclidean geometry is given in his fifth postulate: through a point not on a line, one and only one line be drawn parallel to the given line. See also → non-Euclidean geometry.

Euclidean; → geometry.

Euclidean space
  فضای ِ اقلیدوسی   
fazâ-ye Oqlidosi

Fr.: espace euclidean   

A space in which the → distance between any two points is given by the → Pythagorean theorem: d2 = (Δx)2 + (Δy)2 + (Δz)2, where d is distance and Δx, Δy, and Δz are differential → Cartesian coordinates. Euclidean n-space Rn is the set of all column vectors with n real entries.

Euclidean; → space.

Eudoxan spheres
  سپهرهای ِ اءودوکسوس   
sepehrhâ-ye Eudoxus

Fr.: sphères d'Eudoxe   

spheres of Eudoxus.

spheres of Eudoxus.

Euler
  اویلر   
Euler

Fr.: Euler   

Leonhard Euler (1707-1783), the eminent Swiss mathematician, physicist, and astronomer.

Euler equation
  هموگش ِ اویلر   
hamugeš-e Euler

Fr.: équation d'Euler   

In → fluid mechanics, one of a set of → differential equations that govern the motion of a → compressible, → inviscid fluid. Euler equations correspond to the → Navier-Stokes equations with zero → viscosity.

Euler; → equation.

Euler line
  خط ِ اویلر   
xatt-e Euler

Fr.: droite d'Euler   

In any → triangle, the straight line on which always lie the → centroid, → circumcenter, and → orthocenter.

Euler; → line.

Euler's broken line
  خط ِ شکسته‌ی ِ اویلر   
xatt-e šekaste-ye Euler

Fr.: ligne brisée   

The line drawn in a coordinate plane connecting the approximate values of the solution of a → first-order differential equation.

Euler; → broken line.

Euler's formula
  دیسول ِ اویلر   
disul-e Euler

Fr.: formule d'Euler   

A formula which expresses an → exponential function with an → imaginary number  → exponent in terms of → trigonometric functions:
e = cos θ + i sinθ,
e-iθ = cos θ - i sinθ,
cosθ = (e + e-iθ)/2,
sinθ = (e - e-iθ)/2i.
In the particular case of θ = π, Euler's formula becomes: eiπ + 1 = 0, which is considered by many mathematicians to be the most elegant mathematical equation. → mathematical elegance.

Euler; → formula.

Eulerian method
  روش ِ اویلری   
raveš-e Euleri

Fr.: méthode eulérienne   

Fluid mechanics: A method in which the changes in the physical properties of the fluid, such as velocity, acceleration, and density are described at a fixed point in space occupied by the fluid. Compare with → Lagrangian method.

Euler; → method.

euphemism
  خوشگویی، خوشزبانی   
xošguyi, xošzabâni

Fr.: euphémisme   

An inoffensive word or phrase substituted for one considered offensive or hurtful, especially one concerned with religion, sex, death, or excreta (TheFreeDictionary.com).

From Gk. euphemismos, from euphemizein "speak with fair words, use words of good omen," from → eu- "well," + pheme "speech, voice, talk," from phanai "to speak," ultimately from PIE *bha- "to speak, tell, say;" cf. Skt. bhanati "speaks;" L. fari "to say," fabula "tale, story," fama "talk, rumor, report; reputation;" Armenian ban, bay "word, term."

Xošguyi, xošzabâni, literally "pleasant talking, ~ speach," from xoš "well, pleasant," → eu- + guyi verbal noun of goftan "to say, talk, speak," → logic; zabâni, from zabân, → language.

Eurasia
  اراسیا   
Orâsiyâ (#)

Fr.: Eurasie   

The → continents of → Europe and → Asia considered as a whole.

From Euro-, → Europe, + → Asia.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>