An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

   Homepage   
   


A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>

Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
alkali metal
  فلز ِ قلیایی   
felez-e qalyâyi (#)

Fr.: métal alcalin   

Any of the chemical elements belonging to group A of the → periodic table, which burn vigorously in air; i.e. → lithium, → sodium, → potassium, → rubidium, → cesium, and → francium. Alkali metals have a → valence of one and are softer and less dense than other metals.

alkali; → metal.

alkaline
  قلیایی   
qalyayi (#)

Fr.: alkalin   

Having the properties of an → alkali; having a → pH greater than 7.0.

From alkal(i) + -ine a suffix denoting "of or pertaining to," "of the nature of," "like."

From qalyâ, → alkali, + -yi adj. suffix.

alkaline earth metal
  فلز ِ قلیایی ِ خاکی   
felez-e qalyâyi-ye xâki (#)

Fr.: terre alcaline   

Any of the metallic chemical elements belonging to group 2 of the → periodic table; i.e. → beryllium, → magnesium, → calcium, → strontium, → barium, and → radium. They are not found free in the nature because they are highly reactive.

alkaline; → earth; → metal.

Felez, → metal; qalyâyi, → alkaline; xâki "of or pertaining to soil," from xâk, → soil.

all
  همه   
hamé (#)

Fr.: tout, tous   

The whole quantity or amount.

M.E. al, plural alle; O.E. eall "all, every, entire;" cf. O.Fris., O.H.G. al, O.N. allr, Goth. alls.

Hamé- "all," variant hami "all the time, always;" Mid.Pers. hamâg "all," hamê "all the time, always;" Av. hama- "any;" cf. Skt. sama-"any, every, whichever;" Gk. amo-then "whichever;" Goth. sums "any;" O.N. sumr "any;" O.E. sum "some;" E. some.

all-sky survey
  بردید ِ همه-آسمان   
bardid-e hame-âsmân

Fr.: relevé sur tout le ciel   

A → survey that collects data on the whole sky. For example the infrared → Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) and the X-ray → ROSAT All-Sky Survey.

all; → sky; → survey.

Allen Telescope Array (ATA)
  آرست ِ تلسکوپهای ِ آلن   
Ârast-e Teleskophâ-ye Allen

Fr.: Réseau de Télescopes Allen   

A "Large Number of Small Dishes" (LNSD) array designed to be sensitive for → commensal surveys of conventional → radio astronomy projects and → SETI targets at centimeter wavelengths. The ATA will consist of 350 6m-diameter → dishes when completed, which will provide an outstanding survey speed and sensitivity. In addition, the many → antennas and → baseline pairs provide a rich → sampling of the → interferometer  → uv plane, so that a single pointing snapshot of the array of 350 antennas yields an image in a single field with about 15,000 independent → pixels. Other important features of the ATA include continuous frequency coverage over 0.5 GHz to 10 GHz and four simultaneously available 600-MHz bands at the → back-end which can be tuned to different frequencies in the overall band. The ATA is a joint project of the Radio Astronomy Laboratory of the University of California, Berkeley, and the SETI Institute in Mountain View, CA. The ATA is now complete to 42 antennas. Highlights of the system are the frequency agility, the low background and → side lobes of the antennas, the wideband feed and input receiver, the analog fiber optical system, the large spatial dynamic range, the back-end processing systems and the overall low cost (see, e.g., Backer et al., 2009, arXiv:0908.1175.pdf).

Named after Paul G. Allen (1953-2018), an American business magnate, computer programmer, researcher, investor, and philanthropist. A donation of $11.5 million by his foundation in 2004 contributed to the development of the project.

alliance
  همدستی   
hamdasti (#)

Fr.: alliance   

1) The act of allying or state of being allied; the result of this action.
2) A union to advance the common interests of the members.

M.E., from O.Fr. aliance, from al(ier) "to ally," → alloy, + → -ance.

Hamdasti, literally "joining hand," from ham-, → com-, + dast, → hand, + -i noun suffix.

allocate
  تسکیدن   
teskidan

Fr.: allouer   

1) General: To assign or allot for a particular purpose.
2) Computers: To assign an amount of resource (disk, memory, CPU time, etc.) to a defined user.

From M.L. allocate imperative plural of allocare "allocate," from → ad- "to" + locare "to place," from locus "a place."

Teskidan, from tesk "portion, share, part, lot; a tax upon lands, tribute extracted," variants tešk, toxs (kardan) "distribute, divide;" loaned in Ar. tisq, tasq; tasu "a weight of four barley corns; the twenty-forth part of a weight;" Mid.Pers. tasû "the fourth part," loaned in Ar. tassûj, in Syriac tassûgâ "the fourth part; a measure;" ultimately Proto-Ir. *caçû-ka-; cf. Av. caθwarô, catur-, → four.

allocation
  تسک   
tesk

Fr.: allocation   

The act of allocating; the state of being allocated.

Verbal noun of → allocate.

allotrope
  دگروار   
degarvâr (#)

Fr.: allotrope   

One of two or more forms in which a → chemical element occurs, each differing in physical properties; e.g. → diamond and → graphite are allotropes of → carbon.

From allo-, combining form of Gk. allos "other, different;" cf. L. alius "else;" → alias + trope, from Gk. -tropos "a turn, way, manner," from tropein "to turn;" PIE base *trep- "to turn" (cf. L. trepit "he turns").

Degarvâr, from degar "other, another" (Mid.Pers. dit, ditikar "the other, the second;" O.Pers. duvitiya- "second;" Av. daibitya-, bitya- "second;" Skt. dvitiya- "second;" PIE *duitiio- "second") + -vâr denoting "resembling, like;" Mid.Pers. -wâr; Av. -vara, -var; cf. Skt. -vara.

allotropy
  دگروارگی   
degarvâregi (#)

Fr.: allotropie   

A property of certain → chemical elements, as → carbon, → sulfur, and → phosphorus of existing in two or more distinct forms, known as → allotropes.

allotrope.

allowed band
  باند ِ پرزامیده   
bând-e parzâmidé

Fr.: bande permise   

In solid-state physics, the range of energies which electrons can attain in a material.

P.p. of v. allow, from O.Fr. alouer "approve," from L. allaudare , compound of → ad- "to" + laudare "to praise."

Bând, → band; parzâmidé, p.p. of parzâmidan "to send through, permit, allow," from parzâm "permission," from par- "through" + zâm stem of zâmidan, Mid.Pers. zâmenidan "to send, lead;" → permit

alloy
  آلیاژ   
âlyâž (#)

Fr.: alliage   

A material composed of two or more → metals, or of a metal or metals with a non-metal, exhibiting characteristic metallic properties. Some examples: → bronze is an alloy of → copper and → tin, brass is an alloy of → zinc and copper, and → steel is an alloy of → iron and → carbon. Alloys have properties which differ from those of their components. Moreover, different component proportions yield alloys with different properties.

From M.F. aloi, from O.Fr. alei, from aleier "to mix, combine," from L. alligare "to bind up," from → ad- "to" + → ligare "to bind."

Âlyâž, loanword from Fr.

Almach (γ Andromedae)
  عناق، عناق‌العرض   
Anâq, Anâq-ol-Arz

Fr.: Almach   

The third brightest star in Andromeda and one of the most beautiful double stars in the sky. The brighter star of the pair appears golden yellow or slightly orange; it is a bright (of second magnitude) giant K star. The fainter companion, which appears greenish-blue, is also double.

This star is also known as Almaak, Alamak, Almak, or Almaach, from Ar. Al-'Anaq al-'Ardh "a small animal of Arabia similar to a badger."

Almagest
  مجسطی   
Majesti

Fr.: Almageste   

A comprehensive treatise, compiled by Claudius Ptolemy of Alexandria, around A.D. 140, that summarized the astronomy, geography, and mathematics of antiquity, and included a star catalogue with data for 1,022 stars.

Almagest, from Ar. Al-majisti, from al "the" + Gk. megiste (suntaxis) "the greatest (composition)," from femenine of megistos, superlative of megas "great."

almanac
  اختر‌سالنامه   
axtarsâlnâmé

Fr.: almanach   

A book of tables, usually covering a period of one calendar year, that lists the future positions of the Moon, planets, and other prominent celestial objects, together with other useful astronomical data.

M.E. almenak, from M.L. almanach, perhaps from late Gk. almenikhiaka "ephemeris," perhaps of Coptic origin.

Axtar sâlnâmé, from axtar, → star, + sâlnâmé "calendar," from sâl, → year, + nâmé "book."

almucantar
  مقنطر، پرهون ِ فرازا   
moqantar, parhun-e farâzâ

Fr.: almucantar   

A small circle on the celestial sphere parallel to the horizon. The locus of all points of a given altitude. Also called altitude circle, circle of altitude, parallel of altitude.

Almucantar, from L. almucantarath, from Ar. almuqantarât, from al- "the" + muqantarât "sundial," from qantarah "arch".

Moqantar, from Ar., as above. Parhun-e farâzâ from parhun, → circle, + farâzâaltitude.

Alnath (β Tau)
  ناطح، شاخزن   
Nâteh (#), šâxzan (#)

Fr.: Alnath   

A blue star of visual magnitude 1.65 in the constellation → Taurus. Alnath is a giant star of type B7 lying at a distance of about 10.95 → light-years.

Alnath, from Ar. An-nâteh "the butting" (horn), from nath "to butt".

Šâxzan "the butting," from Mod.Pers. šâx zadan "to butt or push with the horns," from šâx "horn" + zadan "to strike, to butt".

Alnilam (ε Orionis)
  نظام، نظام‌الجوزا   
Nezâm, Nezâm-ol-Jowzâ

Fr.: Alnilam   

The central and brightest of the three stars in → Orion's Belt and the fourth brightest in the whole of → Orion. Alnilam is a blue-white → supergiant of → spectral type B0 Iae with a → visual magnitude of 1.70 and a → luminosity of 375,000 times the → solar luminosity. It lies at about 1,340 → light-years.

Alnilam, from Ar. An-Nizam al-Jawza' (النظام‌الجوزاء) "the Orion's arrangement (of pearls, beads)," from nizam "arrangement" + Jawza' "Orion".

Alnitak (ζ Orionis)
  نطاق، نطاق‌الجوزا   
Netâq, Netâq-ol-Jowzâ

Fr.: Alnitak   

The left hand or easternmost star in → Orion's Belt, which is the fifth brightest in the whole of → Orion with a → visual magnitude of 1.79. Alnitak is a wide visual binary system consisting of components ζ Ori A (HR 1948) and ζ Ori B (HR 1949), currently separated by ~ 2''.4. ζ Ori A is a → close binary system comprising Alnitak Aa and Alnitak Ab. Aa is a hot → blue supergiant of → spectral type O9.5 Iab with an → absolute magnitude of -6.0 and an → apparent magnitude of 2.08. Its mass is estimated as being up to 33 times as massive as the Sun and to have a diameter 20 times greater. It is some 250,000 times more luminous than the Sun, with a surface temperature of about 30,000 K. It is the brightest star of class O in the night sky. Alnitak Ab is a blue → subgiant of spectral type B1 IV with an absolute magnitude of -3.9, an apparent magnitude of 4.3, and a mass of 14 Msun. Ab revolves around Ab with a period of 2,687 days. The system has a 4th magnitude companion, Alnitak B, nearly 3 arc-seconds distant. It is a B0 III type star which orbits Alnitak A every 1,500 years. Alnitak is associated with the → emission nebula  → IC 434 containing the → Horsehead Nebula.A much fainter fourth component, ζ Ori C, is located about 57'' away from ζ Ori Aa (C. A. Hummel et al., 2013, A&A 554, A52, arXiv:1306.0330).

Alnitak, from Ar. An-Nitaq al-Jawza' (النطاق‌الجوزاء) "Orion's Belt," from nitaq "belt" + Jawza "Orion."

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>