An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
identity axiom
  بنداشت ِ ایدانی   
bondâšt-e idâni

Fr.: axiome d'identité   

A basic rule in → group theory stating that there exists a unit group element e, called the identity, such that for any element a of the group a * e = e * a = a.

identity; → axiom.

identity element
  بن‌پار ِ ایدانی   
bonpâr-e idâni

Fr.: élément neutre   

In a mathematical system, an element which leaves unchanged any other element on which it operates. Thus 0 is the identity element for addition: a + 0 = a. And 1 is the identity element for multiplication: a . 1 = a.

identity; → element.

identity function
  کریای ِ ایدانی   
karyâ-ye idâni

Fr.: fonction d'identité   

Math.: Any function f for which f(x) = x for all x in the domain of definition.

identity; → function.

identity matrix
  ماتریس ِ ایدانی   
mâtris-e idâni

Fr.: matrice identité   

In linear algebra, the simplest nontrivial diagonal matrix, an n-by-n square matrix with ones on the main diagonal and zeros elsewhere.

identity; → matrix.

identity operator
  آپارگر ِ ایدانی   
âpârgar-e idâni

Fr.: opérateur d'identité   

An operator which takes a real number to the same real number.

identity; → operator.

if
  اگر   
agar (#)

Fr.: si   

(Conjunction) in case that; granting or supposing that; on condition that. → if and only if.

M.E., from O.E. gif; akin to O.H.G. ibu "if."

Agar "if," from Mid.Pers. agar, hakar "if;" O.Pers. ha-karam "once;" from ha- "one," variant ham-, → com- (cf. Av. ha-; Skt. sa-; Gk. ha-; L. sem-; PIE *sem- "one"), + karam- "a time," maybe from kar- "to do; doing," → work; cf. Av. hakərət "once;" Skt. sakrt "once;" Gk. hapaks "once;" L. semel "once."

if and only if (iff)
  اگر و ایواز اگر، ~ ~ تنها ~   
agar va ivâz agar, ~ ~ tanhâ ~

Fr.: si et seulement si   

Logic, Math.: An → expression indicating that two → statements so connected are → necessary and sufficient conditions for one another. The corresponding logical symbols usually used are: ↔, ⇔, ≡, and iff.

if; → and; → only.

igneous rock
  سنگ ِ آذرین   
sang-e âzarin (#)

Fr.: roche ignée   

A → rock formed by the solidification of molten material that originated within the Earth (as → magma or → lava).

Igneous, from L. igneus "of fire, fiery," from ignis "fire," from PIE *egni- (cf. Skt. agni- "fire, sacrificial fire," O.C.S. ogni, Lith. ugnis "fire"); → rock.

Sang "stone, rock," → stone; âzarin "fiery," from âzar, variants âtaš, taš, from Mid.Pers. âtaxš, âtur "fire;" Av. ātar-, āθr- "fire," singular nominative ātarš-; O.Pers. ātar- "fire;" Av. āθaurvan- "fire priest;" Skt. átharvan- "fire priest;" cf. L. ater "black" ("blackened by fire"); Arm. airem "burns;" Serb. vatra "fire;" PIE base *āter- "fire" + -in adj. suffix.

ignite
  ۱) گیراندن؛ ۲) گرفتن   
1) girândan; 2) gereftan (#)

Fr.: 1) enflammer, allumer; 2) s'enflammer, s'allumer   

1) To set on fire.
2) To take fire, to begin to burn.

From L. ignitus, p.p. of ignire "to set fire," from ignis "fire, flame, light."

Girândan transitive form of gereftan "to take, catch" (Mid.Pers. griftan, Av./O.Pers. grab- "to take, seize," cf. Skt. grah-, grabh- "to seize, take," graha "seizing, holding, perceiving," M.L.G. grabben "to grab," from P.Gmc. *grab, E. grab "to take or grasp suddenly;" PIE base *ghrebh- "to seize").

ignition
  گیرانش؛ گیرش   
girâneš; gireš (#)

Fr.: inflammation, allumage   

1) The act or fact of igniting; state of being ignited.
2) The process of setting something on fire.

Verbal noun of → ignite.

ignition temperature
  دمای ِ گیرانش   
damâ-ye girâneš

Fr.: température d'inflammation   

The minimum temperature to which a fuel must be heated in order to initiate self sustained combustion independent of another heat source.

ignition; → temperature.

ignorable coordinate
  همارای ِ نادیده‌انگاشته   
hamârâ-ye nâdidé engâshté

Fr.: coordonnée ignorée   

A → generalized coordinate that does not appear explicitly in the → Lagrangian function. Also called → cyclic coordinate. Ignorable coordinates do not participate in the → Legendre transformation, and are also absent from the → Hamiltonian function. The generalized → momentum associated with an ignorable coordinate is a → constant of the motion.

ignore; → coordinate.

ignore
  نادیده‌انگاشتن   
nâdidé engâštan (#)

Fr.: ignorer, négliger   

To set aside, e.g. → ignorable coordinate.

From Fr. ignorer, from L. ignorare "not to know, disregard," from ignarus "not knowing, unaware," from in- "not," → un-, + gnarus "aware, acquainted with," related to gnoscere "to → know".

Nâdidé engâštan literally "supposed not seen," from nâdidé "not seen" (from nâ- "not," → un- + didé "seen," p.p. of didan "to see," → sight) + engâštan "to suppose" (→ hypothesis).

illuminance
  روشنایی، تنویی ِ ~   
rowšanâyi, tanuyi-ye ~

Fr.: éclairement lumineux   

Optics: Intensity of → illumination.
The amount of visible light incident per unit area of surface per second; measured in lux (lumens per unit square meter). → irradiance.

Rowšanâyi, → illumination; tanuyiintensity.

illumination
  روشنایی   
rowšanâyi (#)

Fr.: éclairement, illumination   

General: An act or instance of illuminating. The fact or condition of being illuminated.

Illumination, from O.Fr. illumination, from L. illuminationem (nom. illuminatio), from illuminare "to throw into light," from → in- "in" + lumen "light," cognate with Pers. rowšan, as below.

Rowšanâyi, noun of quality and state from rowšan "bright, clear," related to ruz "day," foruq "light," and afruxtan "to light, kindle," rowzané "window, aperture;" Mid.Pers. rôšn "light; bright, luminous," rôc "day," rocânak "window;" O.Pers. raucah-, Av. raocana- "bright, shining, radiant," raocah- "light, luminous; daylight;" akin to Skt. rocaná- "bright, shining," roka- "brightness, light;" Gk. leukos "white, clear;" L. lux "light," also lumen "light, window," luna "Moon;" E. light; Ger. Licht; Fr. lumière; PIE base *leuk- "light, brightness."

illusion
  سفمان   
safmân (#)

Fr.: illusion   

1) A false sense impression of something actually present.
2) Something that produces a false or misleading impression of reality. → optical illusion.
3) An instance of being deceived.

From O.Fr. illusion "a mocking," from L. illusionem (nom. illusio) "a mocking, irony," from illudere "to mock at," literally "to play with," from in- "at" + ludere "to play," from ludus "a game, play;" PIE base *leid- "to play, jest."

Safmân, literally "wrong thought, ~ idea," from saf "wrong" (Tâleši), → false, + mân "thought," → idea.

image
  ۱) وینه، تصویر؛ ۲) وینه گرفتن، ~ برداشتن   
1) vine, tasvir (#); 2) vine gereftan, ~ bardâštan

Fr.: image   

1) In an optical system, the point to which light rays are converged (real image) or from which they appear to diverge (virtual image) after reflection or refraction.
Math.: A number, point, or unique element of a space that corresponds to some other number, point, or unit element.
2) To make an image of; to picture or represent in the mind.

From O.Fr. image, from L. imaginem (nom. imago) "copy, picture, likeness " from stem of imitari "to copy, imitate," from im-, stem of imitare "to copy, imitate" + -ago noun suffix.

1) Vine, from (Sorani) Kurd. vina or vena "image, picture; similar," from vin/ven, variant of bin, present stem of dîtin, Pers. didan "to see, to look;" cf. Taleshi vinde "to see," Tati vindiyan "to see," Persian bin-, didan "→ see." The relation between "image" and "see" is probably from the fact that the image of a subject can be seen without its presence.
Tasvir, loan from Ar.
2) Infinitive with gereftan "take," → take, and dâštan "to have, to hold," → property.

image co-adding
  هم‌افزایش ِ وینه‌ها، ~ تصویرها   
hamafzâyeš-e vinehâ, ~ tasvirhâ

Fr.: addition d'images   

The process of adding several usually low-exposure images to create an image having a significantly higher signal/noise ratio.

image; → co-; → add.

image deblurring
  تیگش ِ وینه، ~ تصویر   
tigeš-e vine, ~ tasvir

Fr.: correction de l'image brouillée   

A technique using a mathematical model of the blurring process to recover the original, sharp image. See also → blurred image.

image; → deburring.

image formation
  دیسش ِ وینه، ~ تصویر   
diseš-e vine, ~ tasvir

Fr.: formation de l'image   

The meeting of light rays emanating from an object after crossing an optical system.

image; → formation.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>