An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
Leo
  شیر   
Šir (#)

Fr.: Lion   

The Lion. One of the most conspicuous → constellations in the northern hemisphere, at 10h 30m → right ascension, 15° north → declination. Leo is a constellation of the → Zodiac crossed by the Sun from August 10th to September 16th. Leo is visible from February through June. Its brightest star, α Leonis or → Regulus, is of the first magnitude. Abbreviation: Leo; Genitive: Leonis. The neighboring constellations are → Cancer, → Coma Berenices, → Crater, → Hydra, → Leo Minor, → Lynx, → Sextans, → Ursa Major, and → Virgo. Leo contains many bright stars, many of which were individually identified by the ancients. There are four stars of first or second magnitude, which render this constellation especially prominent. Apart from Regulus, the constellation is home to the bright stars → Denebola, the nearby star Wolf 359, and to a number of famous deep sky objects, among them galaxies Messier 65, Messier 66, Messier 95, Messier 96, Messier 105, and NGC 3628. There are two → meteor showers associated with the constellation. The → Leonids usually peak on November 17-18 every year and have a → radiant near the bright star Gamma Leonis. The January Leonids are a minor shower that peaks between January 1 and 7. Leo has 11 stars with known planets.

lion.

Leo Minor
  شیر ِ کوچک   
Šir-e Kucak (#)

Fr.: Petit Lion   

The Lesser Lion. A faint constellation in the northern hemisphere, at 10h 20m right ascension, 35° north declination. Abbreviation: LMi; genitive: Leonis Minoris.

Leo; Minor, from L. minor "lesser, smaller, junior," from PIE base *min- "small."

Šir, → Leo; kucak "small," (Mid.Pers. kucak "small"), related to kutâh "short, small, little," kudak "child, infant," kutulé, → dwarf, Mid.Pers. kôtâh "low," kôtak "small, young; baby;" Av. kutaka- "little, small."

Leo P
  شیر P   
Šir P

Fr.: Lion P   

A → dwarf galaxy recently discovered near the Milky Way in → neutral hydrogen → 21-centimeter line observations. Optical imaging observations indicate that it is located between 1.5 and 2.0 Mpc from the Milky Way. This places Leo P in the → Local Volume but beyond the → Local Group. The dwarf galaxy has extreme properties: it is the lowest-mass system known that contains significant amounts of gas and is currently forming stars (Katherine L. Rhode et al. 2013, AJ 145, 149).

Leo.

Leonids
  شیریان   
Širiyân (#)

Fr.: Léonides   

A → meteor shower emanating from an apparent point in the constellation → Leo that occurs from November 14-20, with a maximum on November 17-18. It is due to the annual passage of the Earth through the orbit of the comet → Tempel-Tuttle and encounter with the dust debris from the comet.

From L. Leon, → Leo, + → -ids.

leptokurtic
  بلند-افراشته   
boland-afrâšté

Fr.: leptocurtique   

A frequency distribution with a positive → kurtosis, that has a more elevated peak around the mean than the corresponding normal distribution. → platykurtic.

From Gk. lepto-, combining form of leptos "thin, slight" + → kurtosis.

Boland-afrâšté "highly-elevated," from boland "high, tall, elevated, sublime" (variants bâlâ "up, above, high, elevated, height," borz "height, magnitude" (it occurs also in the name of the mountain chain Alborz), Laki dialect berg "hill, mountain;" Mid.Pers. buland "high;" O.Pers. baršan- "height;" Av. barəz- "high, mount," barezan- "height;" cf. Skt. bhrant- "high;" L. fortis "strong" (Fr. and E. force); O.E. burg, burh "castle, fortified place," from P.Gmc. *burgs "fortress;" Ger. Burg "castle," Goth. baurgs "city," E. burg, borough, Fr. bourgeois, bourgeoisie, faubourg; PIE base *bhergh- "high") + afrâšté "raised, elevated, erect," p.p. of afrâštan, → kurtosis.

lepton
  لپتون   
lepton (#)

Fr.: lepton   

An → elementary particle that does not participate in the → strong interaction. The Lepton family includes → electrons, → muons, tau leptons, → neutrinos and their → antiparticles. The lepton is a → fermion.

From Gk, lepto-, combining form of leptos "small, slight" + -on a suffix used in the names of subatomic particles (gluon; meson; neutron), quanta (photon; graviton), and other minimal entities or components.

lepton degeneracy
  واگنی ِ لپتون   
vâgeni-ye lepton

Fr.: dégénérescence des leptons   

Postulate that the magnitude of the lepton number density is comparable to or larger than the thermal radiation photon number density, so relaxation to equilibrium produces a degenerate sea of neutrinos. Degenerate neutrinos would suppress the number of neutrons relative to protons in the very early Universe; degenerate antineutrinos would suppress the number of protons relative to neutrons. Either case would affect BBNS (Peebles, P. et al., 2009, Finding the Big Bang, Cambridge: UK, Cambridge Univ. Press).

lepton; → degeneracy.

lepton era
  دوران ِ لپتونی   
dowrân-e leptoni (#)

Fr.: ère leptonique   

The era following the hadronic era, when the Universe consisted mainly of leptons and photons. It began when the temperature dropped below 1012 degrees kelvin some 10-4 seconds after the Big Bang, and it lasted until the temperature fell below 1010 degrees kelvin, at an era of about 1 second.

lepton; → era.

lepton number
  عدد ِ لپتونی   
adad-e leptoni (#)

Fr.: nombre leptonique   

In particle physics, a quantum number attributed to elementary particles which is conserved in nuclear reactions. It is +1 for a lepton, -1 for an antilepton and 0 for other particles.

lepton; → number.

Lepus
  خرگوش   
Xarguš (#)

Fr.: Lièvre   

The Hare. A small → constellation in the southern hemisphere at about 6h right ascension, 20° south declination. Abbreviation: Lep; genitive: Leporis.

L. lepus "hare."

Xarguš "rabbit, hare," literally "ass-ear," Mid.Pers. xargôš, from xar "donkey, ass" (Mid.Pers. xar "donkey;" Av. xara- "donkey;" cf. Skt. khára- "donkey, mule") + guš, → ear.

Lesath (Upsilon Scorpii)
  لسعه   
Las'é

Fr.: Lesath   

A bright blue star of → apparent visual magnitudeV = 2.70, that with → Shaula (Lambda Scorpii) makes up the Scorpion's stinger. Among its other designations: HR 6508 and HIP 85696. Lesath is 580 → light-years away. Lesath and Shaula appear very close on the sky (less than a degree apart), but they are not physically related. Lesath is a → subgiant of → spectral type B2 IV with a → luminosity of about 7,380 Msun. It has a radius of about 6 Rsun, and a → surface temperature of about 22,000 K.

Lesath, from Ar. al-Las'ah (اللسعه) "the sting."

letter
  ۱) وات؛ ۲) نامه   
1) vât (#); 2) nâmé (#)

Fr.: lettre   

1) A symbol or character representing a sound of which words are formed used in writing and printing a language.
2) A written or printed communication addressed to a person or organization.

M.E., from O.Fr. letre "character, letter; missive," from L. littera "letter of the alphabet," litterae (plural) "epistle, literature"

1) Vât "letter, word," from vat- "to speak, say;" cf. (Kurd.) wittin "to speak, say," → article, (Nâyin) vâte, (Qohrud) vâta, (Sangesar) -vât-/vân, (Zazaki) vâtiš, (Awromani) wâtay/wâc-, (Farizand) -vât/-vaj, (Gaz) vâ-/vât, related to Pers. vâžé "word;" Mid.Pers. vâc, vâcak "word, speech;" âva "voice, sound," âvâz "voice, sound, song," bâng "voice, sound, clamour" (Mid.Pers. vâng); Av. vacah- "word," vaocanghê "to decalre" (by means of speech), from vac- "to speak, say;" cf. Skt. vakti "speaks, says," vacas- "word;" Gk. epos "word;" L. vox "voice;" PIE base *wek- "to speak."
2) Nâmé, → book.

level
  تراز   
tarâz (#)

Fr.: niveau   

A position with respect to a given or specified base. → energy level.

From O.Fr. livel, from L. libella "a balance, level," diminutive of libra "balance, scale."

Tarâz "level; a level," from tarâzu "balance, scales," Mid.Pers. tarâzên-, taraênidan "to weigh," Proto-Iranian *tarāz-, from *tarā- "balance, scale" ( cf. Skt. tulā- "scales, balance, weight," from tul- "to weigh, make equal in weight, equal," tolayati "weighs, balances," L. tollere "to raise," Gk. talanton "balance, weight," Atlas "the Bearer" of Heaven," Lith. tiltas "bridge;" PIE base telə- "to lift, weigh") + Av. az- "to convey, conduct, drive," azaiti drives" (cf. Skt. aj- "to dive, sling," ájati "drives," ajirá- "agile, quick," Gk. agein "to lead, guide, drive, carry off," L. agere "to do, set in motion, drive," from PIE root *ag- "to drive, move," → act).

level of significance
  تراز ِ نشاناری   
tarâz-e nešânâri

Fr.: niveau de significativité   

Same as → significance level.

level; → significance.

lever
  اهرم   
ahrom (#)

Fr.: levier   

A rigid bar that pivots about a point and is used to move or lift a load at one end by applying force to the other end. → lever arm.

M.E. levere, levour; O.Fr. levier "a lifter, a lever," agent noun from lever "to raise," from L. levare "to raise," from levis "light" in weight.

Ahrom, of unknown etymology.

lever arm
  بازوی ِ اهرم   
bâzu-ye ahrom (#)

Fr.: bras de levier   

The distance between the point of application of a → force and the → axis around which the object could → rotate.

lever; → arm.

levitate
  ۱) بالا کردن؛ ۲) بالا شدن   
1) bâlâ kardan; 2) bâlâ šodan

Fr.: 1) se soulever; 2) soulever   

1) To rise or float in the air, especially by means of supposed magical powers.
2) To cause to rise or float in the air.

From L. levitas "lightness," from levis "light."

Bâlâ kardan, literally "to raise, uplift," from bâlâ "high, up," → high, + kardan "to do, perform, make," → effect; bâlâ šodan, from bâlâ + šodan "to go, to pass, to become," → set.

levitation
  ۱) بالا‌کرد؛ ۲) بالا‌شد   
1) bâlâ-kard; 2) bâlâ-šod

Fr.: lévitation   

1) The action of rising or causing something to rise and float in the air, typically by means of supposed magical powers.
2) → radiative levitation.

levitate; → -tion.

levo-, lev-
  چپ-   
cap- (#)

Fr.: levo-   

A combining form meaning "left" and "counterclockwise," used in the formation of compound words, such as → levorotation, levocardia, levoglucose, etc. The variant lev- occurs before vowels. Compare → dextro-.

From L. laevo-, from laevus, cf. Gk. laios, Russ. levyj, + epenthetic vowel -o-.

Cap-, from cap "left," of unknown etymology.

levorotation
  چپ‌چرخش   
capcarxeš

Fr.: lévorotation   

The counterclockwise rotation of the → plane of polarization of light (as observed when looking straight through the incoming light) by certain substances.

Adj. related to → levorotation.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>