An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
login
  درلوگ   
darlog

Fr.: identification, connexion   

1) The act of logging in to a database, mobile device, or computer, especially a multi-user computer or a remote or networked computer system.
2) A user name and password that allows a person to log in to a computer system, network, mobile device, or user account (Dictionary.com).

log; → in.

lognormal distribution
  واباژش ِ لگاریتمی-هنجارور   
vâbâžeš-e logâritmi-hanjârvar

Fr.: distribution logarithmico-normale   

A → probability distribution in which the natural logarithm (logX) of the → random variable (X) has a → Gaussian distribution.

logarithm; → normal distribution.

logout
  والوگ   
vâlog

Fr.: fin de session, déconnexion   

The process by which a computer user logs out.

log; → out.

Lomb-Scargle periodogram
  دوره‌نگاشت ِ لومب-اسکارگل   
dowrenegâšt-e Lomb-Scargle

Fr.: périodogramme de Lomb-Scargle   

An algorithm for detecting and characterizing periodic signals in unevenly-sampled data. The Lomb-Scargle periodogram has a particularly wide use within the astronomy community. This method allows efficient computation of a Fourier-like → power spectrum estimator from such unevenly-sampled data, resulting in an intuitive means of determining the period of oscillation (see VanderPlas, 2017, astro-ph/1703.09824 and references therein).

Named after Lomb, N. R. 1976, Ap&SS 39, 447 and Scargle, J. D. 1982, ApJ 263, 835; → periodogram.

long
  دراز   
derâz (#)

Fr.: long   

1) Having considerable linear extent in space. → very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI).
2) Having considerable duration in time. → long-period variable.

M.E. longe, O.E. lang, long, akin to O.H.G., Ger. lang "long," O.N. langr, M.Du. lanc, Goth. laggs "long," L. longus, → longitude.

Derâz "long," Mid.Pers. drâz "long;" O.Pers. darga- "long;" Av. darəga-, darəγa- "long," drājištəm "longest;" cf. Skt. dirghá- "lon (in space and time)."

long-period comet
  دمدار ِ درازدوره   
domdâr-e derâz dowré

Fr.: comète à longue période   

A comet with orbital period of more than 200 years. → short-period comet; → periodic comet.

long; → period; → comet.

long-period variable
  ورتنده‌ی ِ درازدوره   
vartande-ye derâz dowré

Fr.: variable à longue période   

A type of → variable star in which variations in brightness occur over long time-scales of months or years. The term generally refers to → Mira variable types.

long; → period; → variable.

longitude
  درژنا   
derežnâ

Fr.: longitude   

The angular distance on the Earth's surface, measured east or west from the prime meridian at Greenwich to the meridian passing through a position, expressed in degrees (or hours), minutes, and seconds.

L. longitudo "length," from longus "long," cognate with Pers. derâz, as below, Gk. dolikhos "elongated;" O.H.G., Ger. lang, O.N. langr, M.Du. lanc, Goth. laggs "long;" PIE base *dlonghos- "long."

Derežnâ, from derež (Kurdi, Laki), variants darg "length; long, tall" (Zâzâ), darγ (Ossetic), derâz "long" + -nâ noun forming suffix from adjective, as in derâznâ, pah(n)nâ, farâxnâ, tangnâ, tiznâ. The first element from Mid.Pers. drâz "long;" O.Pers. darga- "long;" Av. darəga-, darəγa- "long," drājištəm "longest;" cf. Skt. dirghá- "long (in space and time);" PIE *dlonghos- "long," as above.

longitude of ascending node
  درژنای ِ گره ِ فرازشی   
derežnâ-ye gereh-e farâzeši

Fr.: longitude du nœud ascendant   

One of the → orbital elements used to specify the orbit of an object in space. It is the angle from the reference direction, called the origin of longitude, to the direction of the → ascending node, measured in the reference plane.

longitude; → ascending node.

longitudinal
  درژنایی   
derežnâyi

Fr.: longitudinal   

Of or pertaining to longitude or length. Extending in the direction of the length.

Adj. of → longitude.

longitudinal magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناطیسی ِ درژنایی   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye derežnâyi

Fr.: champ magnétique longitudinal   

1) A → magnetic field whose lines of force (→ line of force) run parallel to the long axis of the → magnet. Longitudinal magnetization of a component can be accomplished using the longitudinal field set up by a → coil or → solenoid. It can also be accomplished using permanent magnets or electromagnets.
2) In → stellar magnetic field observations, the magnetic field along the → line of sight.

longitudinal; → magnetic; → field.

longitudinal mass
  جرم ِ درژنایی   
jerm-e derežnâyi

Fr.: masse longitudinale   

In special relativity theory, the mass of a body when the acceleration is parallel or anti-parallel to velocity: ml = m0 / [1 - (v/c)2]3/2, where m0 is the → rest mass, v is the velocity, and c the → velocity of light. → transverse mass.

longitudinal; → mass.

longitudinal wave
  موج ِ درژنایی   
mowj-e derežnâyi

Fr.: onde longitudinale   

A wave vibrating along the direction of propagation, such as a → sound wave. → transverse wave.

longitudinal; → wave.

longitudinal Zeeman effect
  اُسکر ِ زیمن ِ درژنایی   
oskar-e Zeeman-e derežnâyi

Fr.: effet Zeeman longitudinal   

The → Zeeman effect when the emitting source is viewed in the direction of the magnetic field. In the normal longitudinal effect, each spectral line is split into two components with frequencies ν ± Δν. The line with the frequency ν - Δν shows left-hand → circular polarization and that with frequency ν + Δν shows right-hand circular polarization. → transverse Zeeman effect.

longitudinal; → Zeeman effect.

look
  نگاه   
negâh (#)

Fr.: regard   

The act or instance of looking.

Look, from W.Gmc. *lokjan (cf. O.S. lokon, M.Du. loeken, O.H.G. luogen, Ger. dialectal lugen "to look out"), of unknown origin.

Negâh "look," from Mid.Pers. nikâh "look, glance, observation;" Proto-Iranian *ni-kas- "to look down," from ni- "down," → ni- (PIE), + *kas- "to look, appear;" cf. Av. nikā-, nikāta- (in the name of the 15-th nask) "that which is observed," ākas- "to look;" Mid.Pers. âkâh, Mod.Pers. âgâh "aware, knowing;" Ossetic kast/kaesyn "to look;" Skt. kāś- "to become visible, appear."

look-back time
  زمان ِ نگاه به گذشته   
zamân-e negâh bé gozašté

Fr.: temps de regard en arrière   

The time that has elapsed since the light was emitted from a distant object (of → redshift z). Because → light moves at a → constant  → speed, it takes a finite time to travel from distant objects. Hence, we "see" distant objects at a point in time in their past. In other words, look-back time is the difference between the age of the Universe now and the age of the Universe at the time the photons were emitted from the object. See also → comoving distance.

look; → back; → time.

Zamân, → time; negâh, → look; gozašté "past, passed" (from gozaštan "to pass, proceed, go on," variant gozâštan "to put, to place, let, allow;" Mid.Pers. widardan, widâštan "to pass, to let pass (by);" O.Pers. vitar- "to pass across," viyatarayam "I put across;" Av. vi-tar- "to pass across," from vi- "apart, away from" (O.Pers. viy- "apart, away;" Av. vi- "apart, away;" cf. Skt. vi- "apart, asunder, away, out;" L. vitare "to avoid, turn aside") + O.Pers./Av. tar- "to cross over").

loop
  گردال   
gerdâl

Fr.: boucle   

General: Anything shaped more or less like a loop, i.e. portion of a cord, ribbon, etc., folded or doubled upon itself.
Physics: The part of a vibrating string, column of air or other medium, etc., between two adjacent nodes.
Computers: The reiteration of a set of instructions in a routine or program.

Probably of Celtic origin (cf. Gael. lub "bend," Ir. lubiam), influenced by O.N. hlaup "a leap, run."

Gerdâl, from gerd "round, a circle" (Mid.Pers. girdag "disk, round," from gird/girt "round, all around," Proto-Iranian *gart- "to twist, to wreathe," cf. Skt krt "to twist threads, spin; to wind; to surround;" kata- "a twist of straw," Pali kata- "ring, bracelet," Gk. kartalos "a kind of basket," kyrtos "curved") + → -al.

loop prominence
  زبانه‌ی ِ گردالی   
zabâne-ye gerdâli

Fr.: protubérance en boucle   

A very bright active prominence in the form of a loop seen in Hα after a rather big flare. Also called "post-flare loops," they connect the feet where the two-ribbon flares were seen. The lifetime of loop prominences is several hours.

loop; → prominence.

lord
  خاوند   
xâvand (#)

Fr.: seigneur   

1) A person who has authority, control, or power over others; a master, chief, or ruler.
2) A person who exercises authority from property rights; an owner of land, houses, etc.
3) A feudal superior; the proprietor of a manor (Dictionary.com).

M.E. lord, loverd, O.E. hlâford, hlâfweard, literally "loaf-keeper," from hlaf "bread, loaf" + weard "keeper, guardian."

Xâvand, contraction of xodâvand "lord, master, god," from xodâ "lord, master," → God, + suffix -vand.

Lorentz
  لورنتز   
Lorentz

Fr.: Lorentz   

Contraction of the full name of Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (1853-1928), a Dutch physicist, who made important contribution to physics. He won (with Pieter Zeeman) the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1902 for his theory of electromagnetic radiation, which, confirmed by findings of Zeeman, gave rise to Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>