An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
avoidance
  تسنش   
tosneš

Fr.: évitement   

The act of avoiding or keeping away from.

avoid; → -ance.

aware
  آگاه   
âgâh (#)

Fr.: conscient   

Having knowledge; conscious; informed; alert. → awareness.

M.E., variant of iwar, O.E. gewær; cf. O.S. giwar, M.Du. gheware, O.H.G. giwar, Ger. gewahr.

Âgâh "aware, knowing," related to negâh "look, attention;" Mid.Pers. âkâh; Av. ākas- "to look;" Proto-Iranian *kas- "to look, appear;" cf. Skt. kāś- "to become visible, appear;" Gk. tekmar, tekmor "sign, mark;"

awareness
  آگاهی   
âgâhi (#)

Fr.: conscience   

The state or condition of being aware; having knowledge; consciousness (Dictionary.com).
See also: → Space Situational Awareness.

aware; → -ness.

axial
  آسه‌ای   
âse-yi (#)

Fr.: axial   

Of, pertaining to, characterized by, or forming an axis.

axis; → -al.

axial inclination
  درکیل ِ آسه   
darkil-e âsé

Fr.: inclinaison de l'axe   

The angle at which a planet's axis of rotation is tilted, with respect to that of the planet's orbit.

axial; → inclination.

axial precession
  پیشایان ِ آسه‌ای   
pišâyân-e âse-yi

Fr.: précession axiale   

1) A change in the orientation of the → rotation axis of a non-spherical, spinning body caused by → gravity. A rotating top will precess in a direction determined by the → torque exerted by its → weight. The precession → angular velocity is inversely proportional to the spin angular velocity, so that the precession is faster and more pronounced as the top slows down.
2) In particular, the gradual shift in the orientation of Earth's rotation axis which traces out a conical path once every ~ 26,000 years. The cause of the Earth's precession is the → equatorial bulge of the Earth, brought about by the → centrifugal force of the → rotation, which has changed the Earth from a perfect sphere to a slightly flattened one, thicker across the equator. The attraction of the Moon and Sun on the bulge is the reason which makes the Earth precess.

axial; → precession.

axial symmetry
  همامونی ِ آسه‌ای   
hamâmuni-ye âse-yi

Fr.: symmétrie axiale   

A symmetry with respect to a line. A geometric configuration is said to have axial symmetry if it remains unchanged when rotated about a given line.

axial; → symmetry.

axial tilt
  گرای ِ آسه   
gerâ-ye âsé

Fr.: inclinaison de l'axe   

The angle between an object's → rotation axis and its → orbital axis. In other words, the angle between its → equatorial plane and → orbital plane. Same as → axial inclination and → obliquity, but not to be confounded with → orbital inclination.

axial; → tilt.

axiom
  بنداشت، ارز‌آغازه   
bondâšt (#), arzâqâzé (#)

Fr.: axiome   

In any system of mathematics or logic, a statement or proposition from which secondary statements or propositions are derived. The truth of an axiom is either taken for granted or assumed. Axioms serve as the starting point of other mathematical statements called → theorems. In modern practice, axiom and → postulate have the same meaning.

M.Fr. axiome, from L. axioma, from Gk. axioma "authority," literally "something worthy," from axioun "to think worthy," from axios "worthy," from PIE adj. *ag-ty-o- "weighty," from base *ag- "to drive, draw, move."

Bondâšt, literally "taking as the base," from bon "root, origin, base" + dâšt "held," from dâštan "to have, to hold, to maintain, to consider."
Arzâqâzé, from arz "value" + âqâzé "beginning, principle," from âqâz "beginning."

axiom of constraints
  بنداشت ِ پاوندها   
bondâšt-e pâvandhâ

Fr.: axiome des contraintes   

An axiom in → statics, stating that any → constrained body can be treated as a → free body detached from its → constraints, provided the latter are represented by their → reactions.

axiom; → constraint.

axiomatic
  بنداشتی   
bondâšti

Fr.: axiomatique   

Of, relating to, or resembling an → axiom.

axiom; → -ic.

axiomatic system
  راژمان ِ بنداشتی   
râžmân-e bondâšti

Fr.: système axiomatique   

Any system of → logic which explicitly states → axioms from which → theorems can be → deduced.

axiomatic; → system.

axion
  اکسیون   
aksion (#)

Fr.: axion   

A hypothetical weakly-interacting → boson of small mass required by models of → particle physics in order to solve the strong CP problem and explain a number of observed astrophysical/cosmological phenomena, including → dark matter, and the dimming of → type Ia → supernovae (→ accelerating Universe). Photons traveling in the → intergalactic medium would in part turn into axions in the presence of magnetic fields. The transformed photons are not detected on Earth and therefore supernovae would appear fainter even if the Universe is not accelerating.

Axion, first coined by Frank Wilczek (2004 Nobel Prize in Physics) apparently after a brand of washing detergent! The reason seems to be the idea that the particle will iron out a wrinkle in the → standard model of fundamental particles and forces while solving the problem of the Universe's → missing mass.

axis
  آسه   
âsé (#)

Fr.: axe   

1) One of the principal lines through the center of a figure or a solid, especially, the line which divides the figure or solid symmetrically.
2) A fixed line along which distances are measured or to which position are referred.

L. axis "axle, pivot," akin to O.E. eax "axis, axle," Gk. axon "axle," Skt. aksa- "axle, axis, beam of a balance;" PIE base *aks- "axis."

Âsé, from Pers. dialects: Qâyeni asak "the shaft connecting the plough to the yoke," Lori esi "a pillar (used to put up a tribal tent)," variants hosi, hosin, Tabari âssen "the foot of a door on which it turns," cf. Skt. īṣā- "pole or shafts of a carriage or plough," Av. aêša "the two shafts," Mod.Pers. xiš "plough(share)," Gk. oiax "handle of rudder, tiller, helm," PIE base *ei-, *oi- "pole, thill."

axis of rotation
  آسه‌ی ِ چرخش   
âse-ye carxeš

Fr.: axe de rotation   

Same as → rotation axis and → rotational axis.

axis; → rotation.

axisymmetric
  همامون ِ آسه‌ای، آسه-همامون   
hamâmun-e âse-yi, âse-hamâmun

Fr.: axisymétrique   

Having → axisymmetry.

axisymmetry
  همامونی ِ آسه‌ای، آسه-همامونی   
hamâmuni-ye âse-yi, âse-hamâmuni

Fr.: axisymétrie   

Same as → axial symmetry.

azimuth
  سوگان، سمت   
sugân, samt

Fr.: azimut   

The → angular distance from the → North point eastward to the intersection of the → horizon with the → vertical circle passing through the object. Azimuth is 0° for an object due north, 90° due east, 180° due south, and 270° due west. → Altitude and azimuth constitute the → horizon coordinate system.

From O.Fr. azimut, from Ar. as-sumut (السمت) "the directions, ways," pl. of as-samt "the direction, way."

Sugân, from su "direction" + -gân direction suffix.

azimuth circle
  پرهون ِ سوگان، دایره‌ی ِ ~   
parhun-e sugân, dâyere-ye ~

Fr.: cercle d'azimut   

One of great circles of the → celestial sphere which passes through the → zenith, → nadir, and the star, cutting the horizon at right angles. Same as → vertical circle.

azimuth; → circle.

azimuthal
  سوگانی   
sugâni

Fr.: azimutal   

Or, or pertaining to an → azimuth.

azimuth + → -al.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>