An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
Type II burst
  بلک ِ گونه‌ی ِ II   
belk-e gune-ye II

Fr.: sursaut de type II   

A burst of → X-rays observed toward → low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB)s and characterized by quick succession of bursts with recurrence intervals as short as ~ 7 s. Type II X-ray bursts look similar to → Type I bursts, but they are thought to be related with spasmodic episodes of → accretion.

type; → burst.

Type II error
  ایرنگ ِ گونه‌ی ِ II   
irang-e gune-ye II

Fr.: erreur de type II   

Statistics: An error made if a → hypothesis is accepted when it should be rejected. → Type I error.

type; → error.

Type II migration
  کوچ ِ گونه‌ی ِ II   
kuc-e gune-ye II

Fr.: migration de type II   

The → orbital migration of forming → planets that → accrete enough disk material to exceed the critical mass. This type migrates in a gap created in the → protoplanetary disk. Compare with → Type I migration.

type; → migration.

Type II supernova
  ابر-نو-اختر ِ گونه‌ی ِ II   
abar-now-axtar-e gune-ye II

Fr.: supernova de type II   

A supernova type whose spectrum contains hydrogen lines. Compared with → Type I supernovae, its → light curve has a broader peak at maximum and dies away more rapidly. The magnitudes are smaller, ranging from MV = -12 to -13.5, and the ejecta have lower velocities (about 5,000 km/sec). These supernovae, which result from the final evolution of → massive stars, have three main divisions: → Type II-P, → Type II-L, and → Type II-n.

Type II initially introduced by R. Minkowski (1941, PASP 53, 224); → type; → supernova.

Type II tail
  دم ِ گونه‌ی ِ II   
dom-e gune-ye II

Fr.: queue de type II   

The → dust tail of a → comet.

type; → tail.

Type II-L supernova (SN II-L)
  ابر-نو-اختر ِ گونه‌ی ِ II-L   
abar-now-axtar-e gune-ye II-L

Fr.: supernova de type II-L   

A → Type II supernova which displays a linear decrease in its → light curve.

Type II supernova; L short for → linear.

Type II-n supernova (SN II-n)
  ابر-نو-اختر ِ گونه‌ی ِ II-n   
abar-now-axtar-e gune-ye II-n

Fr.: supernova de type II-n   

A → Type II supernova which shows intermediate or very narrow width hydrogen → emission lines in the spectra.

Type II supernova; n short for → narrow.

Type II-P supernova (SN II-P)
  ابر-نو-اختر ِ گونه‌ی ِ II-P   
abar-now-axtar-e gune-ye II-P

Fr.: supernova de type II-P   

A → Type II supernova which reaches a plateau in its → light curve. The vast majority of Type II SNe are characterized by a fast (few days) rise to a flat light curve, most pronounced in the reddest optical bands, with a duration of 80-100 days. This plateau phase is interpreted as the recession of the photosphere as the ejecta expand and cool. The spectra of SNe II-P are typically dominated by strong → P Cygni profiles of hydrogen lines, as well as iron absorption features (for a review, e.g., see Filippenko 1997, ARA&A 35, 309).

Type II supernova; P short for → plateau.

typical
  گونه‌وار   
gune-vâr

Fr.: typique   

Having all or most of the characteristics shared by others of the same kind and therefore suitable as an example of it.

From M.L. typicalis "symbolic," from L.L. typicus "of or pertaining to a type," from Gk. typikos, from typos "impression," from typ(os) + -ikos, → -ic.

Gune-vâr, from guné, → type, + -vâr a suffix meaning "resembling, like" (Mid.Pers. -wâr, Av. -vara, -var, cf. Skt. -vara).

U Antliae
   U تلمبه   
U Tolombé

Fr.: U Antliae   

A → carbon star of the → asymptotic giant branch type located in the constellation of → Antlia. Its other designations are HIP 51821 (→ Hipparcos Star Catalogue), HD 91793, and HR 4153. U Antliae is an → irregular variable that changes its → visual magnitude between 5.27 and 6.04. About 850 → light-years from Earth, it shines with a → luminosity approximately 8,000 times that of the → solar luminosity and has a → surface temperature 2,800 K. It is surrounded by a complex structure of dust shells. Around 2,700 years ago, U Antliae went through a short period of rapid → mass loss. During this period of only a few hundred years, the material making up the shell seen in the → Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) data was ejected at high speed (Kerschbaum et al., 2017, A&A 605, A116, arXiv:1708.02915).

U, according to → variable star designation; → Antlia.

U Geminorum
   U دوپیکر   
U Dopeykar

Fr.: U Gémeaux   

The prototypical and first discovered → cataclysmic variable. It is a → dwarf nova system with a relatively long → orbital period of 4 hr 17 minutes. U Gem undergoes → outbursts on time-scales between 30 and 250 days and shows → grazing occultations. The → accretion disk is partially eclipsed, but the → white dwarf remains visible during mideclipse. The mass of the white dwarf → primary is estimated to be 1.24 Msun, about two times higher than the mass of the → secondary; the → angle of inclination is 69°.7 (P. J. Groot 2001, ApJ 551, L89).

variable star designation; → Gemini.

ubiquitous
  ویسپ‌باشنده، ویسپ‌باش، ویسپ‌باشا   
visp-bâšandé, visp-bâš, visp-bâšâ

Fr.: omniprésent   

Existing or being everywhere, especially at the same time; omnipresent.

From L. ubiquitarius, from ubique "everywhere," from ubi "where" + que "any, also, ever."

From visp-, → omni-, + bâšandé, bâš, bâšâ "existing, being," from budan "to be," → condition.

ubiquity
  ویسپ‌باشندگی، ویسپ‌باشی، ویسپ‌باشایی   
visp-bâšandegi, visp-bâši, visp-bâšâyi

Fr.: ubiquité, omniprésence   

The state or capacity of being everywhere, especially at the same time; omnipresence.

From M.Fr. ubiquité, from L. ubique "everywhere," → ubiquitous; → -ity.

Noun from visp-bâšandé, visp-bâš, visp-bâšâyi, → ubiquitous.

UBV system
  راژمان ِ UBV   
râžmân-e UBV

Fr.: système photométrique UBV   

A → photometric system which consists of measuring an object's → apparent magnitude through three broad-band filters: the ultraviolet (U) at 3650 Å, the blue (B) at 4400 Å, and the visual (V) in the green-yellow spectral region at 5500 Å. The filter bandwidths are 680, 980, and 890 Å respectively. The system is defined so that for A0 stars B - V = U - B = 0. The system was devised by Harold Johnson (1921-1980) and William Morgan (1906-1994) at Yerkes Observatory. It was extended to the R and I bands centered at 7000 and 9000 Å respectively and later to other infrared bands.

U, B, and V referring to "ultraviolet," "blue," and "visible" respectively; → system.

UFO
  یوفو   
UFO

Fr.: OVNI   

Short for → unidentified flying object.

unidentified flying object.

UFO sighting
  دیدار ِ یوفو   
didâr-e UFO

Fr.: vision d'OVNI   

The act or occasion of catching sight of a UFO.

UFO; sighting, from sight, M.E. from O.E. sihth; cf. Dan. sigte, Swed. sigt, Du. zicht, O.H.G. siht, Ger. Sicht, Gesicht, related to see.

Didâr "sight, vision," verbal noun from didan "to see" (Mid.Pers. ditan "to see, regard, catch sight of, contemplate, experience;" O.Pers. dī- "to see;" Av. dā(y)- "to see," didāti "sees;" cf. Skt. dhī- "to perceive, think, ponder; thought, reflection, meditation," dādhye; Gk. dedorka "have seen").

ufology
  یوفو-شناسی   
ufo-šenâsi

Fr.: ufologie, ovnilogie   

A term that describes the collective efforts of those who study → unidentified flying object (UFO) reports.

Ufo, from → unidentified flying object; → -logy.

UHECR puzzle
  چیستان ِ پرتوهای ِ کیهانی ِ اولتر-مه-کاروژ   
cistân-e partowhâ-ye keyhâni-ye ultar-meh-kâruž

Fr.: énigme des rayons cosmiques de très haute énergie   

The question of the origin and nature of the → ultra high energy cosmic rays. According to the → GZK cutoff, the UHECRs should be nearby. They are expected to be exceptional, therefore visible by some astrophysical counterpart. However, there is nothing visible (within a few tens of → Mpc) in the direction of all the UHECR detected up to now.

UHECR; → puzzle.

ultimate
  اولتوم، فرجامین   
ultom, farjâmin

Fr.: ultime   

Last; furthest or farthest; conclusive in a process or series; the highest or most significant.

L.L. ultimatus, p.p. of ultimare "to be final, come to an end," from L. ultimus "last, final, farthest, extreme," superlative of *ulter "beyond."

Ultom, from ul "up, upward," ulêh "upward, above," → ultra-, + -tom supelative suffix, → extreme.
Farjâmin "belonging to the end; concluding," from farjâm "end; conclusion," from Mid.Pers. farzâm "end; conclusion," farzâftan "to finish, to be perfect;" from Proto-Iranian *fra-gam- "to send; to finish" (cf. O.Pers. prāgama- "to go forth"), from *gam- "to go; to come;" cf. Av. gam- "to come; to go," jamaiti "goes;" O.Pers. gam- "to come; to go;" Mod./Mid.Pers. gâm "step, pace," âmadan "to come;" cf. Skt. gamati "goes;" Gk. bainein "to go, walk, step;" L. venire "to come;" Tocharian A käm- "to come;" O.H.G. queman "to come;" E. come; PIE root *gwem- "to go, come."

ultimate fate of the Universe
  سرنوشت ِ فرجامین ِ گیتی   
sarnevešt-e farjâmin-e giti

Fr.: sort utlime de l'Univers   

The future evolution of the → Universe which is a subject of study in → cosmology. The ultimate fate of the Universe can be explored using → general relativity. And since there is more than one possible solution to the equations of general relativity, there is more than one possible ultimate fate of the Universe. Moreover, the fate will depend on three factors: the Universe's overall shape or → geometry, its → dark energy content, and the → equation of state parameter. See also: → oscillating Universe, → Big Rip, → Big Crunch, → Big Freeze, → heat death.

ultimate; → Universe.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>