An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
W-R
     
W-R

Fr.: W-R   

Short for → Wolf-Rayet.

Wolf-Rayet star.

W-R star
  ستاره‌ی ِ W-R   
setâre-ye W-R (#)

Fr.: étoile W-R   

Short for → Wolf-Rayet star.

Wolf-Rayet star.

W2246-0526
     
W2246-0526

Fr.: W2246-0526   

The most luminous → galaxy known. It has a → redshift of z = 4.601 and a → bolometric luminosity of 3.5 × 1014Lsun. W2246-0526 hosts a deeply buried → active galactic nucleus (AGN)/→ supermassive black hole (SMBH). Discovered using the → Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), W2246-0526 is classified as a → hot dust-obscured galaxy, based on its → luminosity and → dust temperature (T. Diaz-Santos et al. 2015, arXiv:1511.04079).

Object designation from → Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE).

wade
  گمپیدن   
gampidan

Fr.: patauger   

To walk through water, snow, sand, or any other substance that impedes free motion or offers resistance to movement (Dictionary.com).

M.E. waden "to go, wade;" O.E. wadan "to go;" cf. Dan. vade, O.Fris. wada, Du. waden, Ger. waten, O.Norse vatha; akin to O.E. wæd "ford, sea," L. vadere "to go, rush," vadum "shoal, ford."

Gampidan, related to Proto-Ir. *gamp-, *gamb- "to move," cf. Dezfuli gomba, Bardesiri gopak "jump with two feet;" Sogd. (+ *â-) âγamp "walking;" (+ *uz-) Yighda žib-/žibi- "to rise, to stand," jib- "to awake;" (+ *ham-) Wakhi gəfs-/gəfst- "to run."

wake
  کل   
kel

Fr.: sillage   

1) The track left by a moving ship.
2) A turbulent region appearing behind an object in a fluid which streams around the object, for example behind an aircraft in flight.

Cognate with M.L.G. wake "wake," Nor. dialect vok, O.N. vok, voka "hole in the ice."

Kel, from Tabari kel, kal "trail, track, footprint."

walk
  ۱) چمیدن، گامیدن؛ ۲) چم، پویش   
1) camidan (#), gâmidan (#); 2) cam; puyeš (#)

Fr.: 1) marcher; 2) marche   

1) To move along on foot at a moderate pace; advance by steps.
2a) An act or instance of walking.
2b) Physics: A moving of a particle among particles. → random walk; → quantum walk.

M.E. walken, from O.E. wealcan "to toss, roll;" cf. O.N. valka "to drag about," Dan. valke "to full," M.Du. walken "to knead, press, full," O.H.G. walchan "to knead," Ger. walken "to full."

Camidan "to walk (proudly)," variant gâmidan "to walk," gâm "step, pace" (related to âmadan "to come," → consequence); Mid.Pers. gâm "step, stride, pace;" O.Pers. gam- "to come; to go;" Av. gam- "to come; to go," jamaiti "goes;" cf. Skt. gamati "goes;" Gk. bainein "to go, walk, step;" L. venire "to come;" Tocharian A käm- "to come;" O.H.G. queman "to come;" E. come; PIE stem *gwem- "to go, come."
Puyeš, verbal noun of puyidan "to walk, run, trot; wander," from Mid.Pers. pôy-, pwd- "to run;" cf. Gk. speudein "to hasten;" Lith. spudinti.

wall
  دیوار   
divâr (#)

Fr.: mur   

1) An upright continuous structure that divides one area from another or surrounds an area.
2) A wall-like, enclosing part, mass, or thing .

M.E., from O.E. w(e)all "rampart, dike, cliff," also "defensive fortification around a city, side of a building" (O.Sax., O.Fris., M.L., M.Du. wal), from L. vallum "wall, rampart."

Divâr "wall," from Mid.Pers. dîvâr "wall;" related to Mid.Pers. bâr, var "enclosure, defences, fortress;" Mod.Pers. bâru "wall, rampart, fortification; fort; tower;" O.Pers. didā- "wall, stronghold, fortress;" Av. var- "castle," from var- "to cover, conceil;" Proto-Iranian *dida-vāra-; cf. Skt. dehī- "wall;" Gk. teikhos "wall;" E. dike, ditch.

Walraven photometry
  شیدسنجی ِ والراون   
šidsanji-ye Walraven

Fr.: photométrie de Walraven   

A photometric system with five wavelength ranges that does not use filters. Instead it uses prisms and lenses (spectroscopy) to select the bands simultaneously. The wavelengths and the bandwidths are: W, 3250 and 140 Å; U, 3630 and 240 Å; L, 3840 and 230 Å; B, 4320 and 450 Å; and V, 5470 and 720 Å. The Walraven photometer was unique in design and remained literally unique as copies were never built. In addition, during its whole life the photometer was mounted permanently on the same telescope that had been built specifically for this instrument, the 91 cm Lightcollector' reflector, which started in 1958 at the Leiden Southern Station in Broederstroom, South-Africa. After 20 years in South-Africa the telescope and photometer were moved to the European Southern Observatory La Silla observatory in Chile. The photometric observations were resumed in March 1979 and continued for another 12 years until the decommissioning of the photometer in 1991.

After the inventors, the Dutch astronomer Theodore Walraven (1916-) and his wife Johanna Helena Walraven, née Terlinden (1920-89); → photometry.

waning
  کاهنده   
kâhandé (#)

Fr.: descendant   

Decreasing in strength, intensity, power, etc.

Waning, from wane, from M.E. wanen (v.), O.E. wanian "to lessen;" cf. O.S. wanon, O.N. vana, O.Fris. wania, M.Du. waenen, O.H.G. wanon "to wane, to grow less."

Kâhandé "waning, decreasing;" from kâstan, kâhidan "to decrease;" Mid.Pers. kâhitan, kâstan, kâhênitan "to decrease, diminish, lessen;" Av. kasu- "small, little" (Mod.Pers. keh); Proto-Iranian *kas- "to be small, diminish, lessen."

waning crescent
  هلال ِ کاهنده، برن ِ ~   
helâl-e kâhandé, barn-e ~

Fr.: croissant descendant   

The crescent phase of the Moon following the → last quarter which finally disappears with setting Sun.

waning; → crescent.

waning gibbous
  کوژمانگ ِ کاهنده   
kužmâng-e kâhandé

Fr.: lune gibbeuse descendante   

The oval shape of the moon a few days after the → full moon and before the → last quarter.

waning; → gibbous.

waning moon
  مانگ ِ کاهنده   
m mâng-e kâhandé (#)

Fr.: lune descendante   

The circumstance when the phase of the Moon is decreasing from → full moon to → new moon.

waning; → moon.

war
  جنگ   
jang (#)

Fr.: guerre   

A state of armed conflict between states, or between groups within states.

From M.E. werre, from O.E. werre, wyrre, from Old Northern Fr. werre, akin to O.H.G. werra "confusion, strife, quarrel," Du. war "confusion, disarray," O.E. wyrsa, wiersa "worse," O.Norse verri "worse; confounded;" ultimately from PIE *wers- "to confuse, mix up."

Jang, from Mid.Pers. jang "struggle, battle, fight."

warm
  گرم   
garm (#)

Fr.: tiède   

Moderately hot.

M.E.; O.E. wearm (cf. O.S., O.Fris., M.Du., O.H.G., Ger. warm, O.N. varmr, Goth. warmjan "to warm"); cognate with Pers. garm, as below.

Garm "warm;" Mid.Pers. garm "warm;" O.Pers. garma-pada "name of the fourth month" (June-July); Av. garəma- "warm; heat;" cf. Skt. gharmá "heat;" Gk. therme, thermos; L. formus "warm;" E. warm, as above; PIE base *ghworm-/*ghwerm- "warm."

warm absorber
  درشمگر ِ گرم   
daršamgar-e garm

Fr.: absorbeur chaud   

A cloud of ionized gas within → active galactic nuclei (AGN) that causes absorption at → soft X-ray wavelengths. Warm absorbers were first suggested by Halpern (1984) to explain Einstein data of the quasar MR 2251-178. They are dubbed "warm" absorbers as they imply gas at temperatures of 104-105 K; the gas is → photoionized, not collisionally ionized. High resolution observations of warm absorbers have shown that they are outfowing. See also → cold absorber (Ceri Ellen Ashton, 2005, A Study of Warm Absorbers in Active Galactic Nuclei, Thesis, Mullard Space Science Laboratory Department of Space and Climate Physics University College London ).

warm; → absorber.

warm front
  پیشان ِ گرم   
pišân-e garm

Fr.: front chaud   

Meteo.: A leading edge that advances in a mass of air and replaces cooler air by warm air.

warm; → front.

warm intercloud medium
  مدیم ِ اندر-ابری ِ گرم   
madim-e andarabri-ye garm

Fr.: milieu internuage chaud   

A component of the → interstellar medium consisting of an extremely tenuous (density 0.1 to 10 cm-3) and relatively warm gas (temperature about 8,000 K) filling the space between denser neutral and ionized gas. Hydrogen is partly ionized, partly atomic and observed by the → 21-centimeter line in emission.

warm; → intercloud medium.

warm-hot intergalactic medium
  مدیم ِ اندر-کهکشانی ِ گرم-داغ   
madim-e andar-kahkašâni garm-dâq

Fr.: milieu intergalactique chaud   

The space containing a cluster of galaxies filled with a tenuous gas of temperature 105 to 107 K and density 10-6 to 10-4 cm-3. WHIM has been continuously shock-heated during the process of structure formation. It is so highly ionized that it can only absorb or emit far-ultraviolet and soft X-ray photons, primarily at spectral lines of highly ionized C, O, Ne, and Fe. WHIM is thought to be the main reservoir of missing baryons.

warm; → hot; → intergalactic medium.

warming
  گرمایش   
garmâyeš (#)

Fr.: réchauffement   

The process of becoming warmer; a rising temperature. → backwarming, → heating.

warm; → -ing.

warp
  تاب   
tâb (#)

Fr.: gauchissement   

The vertical twisting of a → galactic disk in its outer parts. Many → spiral galaxies, including our Milky Way, appear to have warps in the outer reaches of their stellar and gas disks. The rotating body of stars and gas that characterizes a spiral galaxy is generally flat, but the outer regions may deviate from the plane of the disk. The causes are multiple, some warps can come from spontaneous instability, some result from interactions between galaxies, and many reflect the external gas → accretion from intergalactic matter filaments.

M.E. werpen, OE weorpan "to throw;" cf. O.S. werpan, O.N. verpa "to throw," Swed. värpa "to lay eggs," Du. werpen, Ger. werfen "to throw; to distort." Related to warp "threads running lengthwise in a fabric."

Tâb "twisting, bending, waving, a curling lock," variants tâv, tow, tew, from tâbidan, tâftan "to twist, to spin, to bend, to crook," p.p. tâftah "spun, silk or linen cloth," loaned into E. as taffeta (from O.Fr. taffetas, from It. taffeta); similarly Gk. tapetion "little carpet" is probably from this Iranian origin (from which tapestry, tapis); Proto-Ir. *tâp- "to twist, to wind;" cf. L. tempus "time (span);" Lith. tempti "to stretch;" Russ. tepsti "to tighten."

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>