An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
blooming
  سرریز   
sar-riz

Fr.: blooming, bavure   

In a → CCD detector, the spill of charge to adjacent → pixels due to over-illumination by a too bright source. Same as charge bleeding.

Blooming "glare," from to bloom "to glare, glow."

Sar-riz "spill-out, overflowing," from sar "top," → head, + riz "pouring," from rixtan "to pour," → overflow.

blow
  دمیدن   
damidan (#)

Fr.: souffler   

1) To move along, carried by or as by the wind.
2) To produce or emit a current of air, as with the mouth or a bellows.
3) Of a horn, trumpet, etc.) to give out sound.
4) To make a blowing sound; whistle (Dictionary.com).

M.E., from O.E. blawan "blow, breathe, make an air current; kindle; inflate; sound a wind instrument;" cf. O.H.G. blaen, Ger. blähen; from PIE *bhle- "to swell, blow up."

Damidan, from Mid.Pers. damidan "to blow, breathe;" dam "breath, breath of an owen; bellows; smoke; air," also "moment, time;" Av. dāδmainya- "blowing up;" cf. Skt. dahm- "to blow," dhámati "blows;" Gk. themeros "austere, dark-looking;" Lith. dumti "to blow;" PIE dhem-/dhemə- "to smoke, to blow."

blue
  آبی   
âbi (#)

Fr.: bleu   

The hue of that portion of the visible spectrum lying between green and indigo, evoked in the human observer by radiant energy with wavelengths of approximately 420 to 490 nanometers.

From O.Fr. bleu, P.Gmc. *blæwaz, from PIE base *bhle-was "light-colored, blue, blond, yellow."

Âbi "color of water," from âb "water," Mid.Pers. âb, O.Pers./Av. âp-, Skt. âp-, PIE *âp-; → Aquarius.

blue compact dwarf galaxy
  کهکشان ِ کوتوله‌ی ِ آبی ِ همپک   
kahkešân-e kutule-ye âbi-ye hampak

Fr.: galaxie naine bleue compacte   

An small → irregular galaxy undergoing → violent star formation activity. These objects appear blue by reason of containing clusters of hot, → massive stars which ionize the surrounding interstellar gas. They are chemically unevolved since their → metallicity is only 1/3 to 1/30 of the solar value. Same as → H II galaxy.

blue; → compact; → dwarf; → galaxy.

blue continuum
  پیوستار ِ آبی   
peyvastâr-e âbi

Fr.: continuum bleu   

The → continuum emission of an astronomical source with wavelengths between about 492 and 455 nm.

blue; → continuum.

blue giant
  غول ِ آبی   
qul-e âbi

Fr.: géante bleue   

A giant star with spectral type O or B.

blue; → giant.

Qul, → giant; âbi, → blue.

blue halo star
  ستارگان ِ آبی ِ هاله   
setâregân-e âbi-ye hâlé

Fr.: étoiles bleues du halo   

A star belonging to a variety of stars located above the → horizontal branch and blueward of the → red giant branch in the → Hertzsprung-Russell diagram of the → halo population.

blue; → halo; → star.

Setâregân plural of setâré, → star, âbi, → blue, hâlé, → halo.

blue HB star
  ستاره‌ی ِ BHB   
setâre-ye BHB

Fr.: étoile BHB   

Same as → blue horizontal branch star.

blue; → horizontal; → branch; → star.

blue hook star
  ستاره‌ی قلاب آبی   
setare-ye qollab-e abi

Fr.: étoile du crochet bleu   

A rare class of → horizontal branch (HB) stars that so far have been found in only very few Galactic → globular clusters. These stars are such called because they form a blue hook at the hot end of the HB in → far ultraviolet (FUV) → color-magnitude diagrams. The physical mechanism that produces blue hook populations is still uncertain. At least two scenarios have been proposed.
In the first scenario these stars are explained as a consequence of extreme → mass loss during the → red giant branch phase and late helium flashing while descending the → white dwarf cooling track. Due to the thin residual hydrogen envelope, helium is mixed into the envelope and hydrogen is mixed into the core during the late → helium flash. As a result, the stars are hotter and UV-fainter than canonical → extreme horizontal branch stars (EHB).
By contrast, in the He self-enrichment scenario the EHB and blue hook stars are produced via the normal evolution of He-enriched sub-populations in globular clusters. These sub-populations might have formed from the ejecta of intermediate-mass → asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars of the first generation of stars. For the same age and → metallicity, He-enriched HB stars have smaller masses than normal HB stars, resulting in bluer → zero age horizontal branch star (ZAHB) locations. They are also brighter in the FUV, but this effect is reversed for very hot He-enriched HB stars with → effective temperatures larger than 19000 K.
See Dieball A., et al., 2013, arXiv:0901.1309v1, and for blue hook stars in ω Cen cluster, M. Tailo et al., 2015, Nature 523, 318.

blue; → hook; → star.

blue horizontal branch star
  ستاره‌ی ِ آبی ِ شاخه‌ی ِ افقی   
setâre-ye âbi-ye šâxe-ye ofoqi

Fr.: étoile bleue de la branche horizontale   

A member of a population of blue stars appearing on the → horizontal branch in the → Hertzsprung-Russell diagram of the Galactic → halo populations and → globular clusters. Belonging to → spectral types B3 to A0, they have evolved past the → red giant stage and are burning helium in their core.

blue; → horizontal; → branch, → star.

blue jet
  شان ِ آبی   
šân-e âbi

Fr.: jet bleu   

A transient optical phenomenon in the → stratosphere that emerges from the tops of → thunderstorm clouds at tremendous speeds. As their name implies, blue jets are optical ejections from the top of the electrically active core regions of thunderstorms. Following their emergence, they typically propagate upward in narrow cones at vertical speeds of roughly 100 km/s, fanning out and disappearing at heights of about 40-50 km. See also → sprite; → elve.

blue; → jet.

blue leak
  نشت ِ آبی   
našt-e âbi

Fr.: fuite bleue   

Leakage phenomenon in a filter, causing an unwanted response to the blue or green light.

blue; leak, from M.Du. leken "to drip, to leak," or from O.N. leka, cognate of O.E. leccan "to moisten," from P.Gmc. *lek- "deficiency" (cf. O.H.G. lecchen "to become dry," Ger. lechzen "to be parched with thirst").

Našt "leak," origin unknown; âbi, → blue.

blue loop
  گردال ِ آبی   
gerdâl-e âbi

Fr.: boucle bleue   

An evolutionary behavior of certain stars, particularly massive stars, which return to the blue stage after becoming a red supergiant. The phenomenon appears as a blueward loop on the theoretical evolutionary tracks.

blue; → loop.

Gerdâl, → loop, âbi, → blue.

blue Moon
  ماه ِ آبی   
mâh-e âbi

Fr.: lune bleue   

The second full moon in a calendar month. For a blue moon to occur, the first of the full moons must appear at or near the beginning of the month so that the second will fall within the same month. Full moons are separated by 29 days, while most months are 30 or 31 days long; so it is possible to fit two full moons in a single month. This happens every two and a half years, on average.

The folkloric term blue Moon for the calendrical event is new, and apparently goes back to the Maine Farmers' Almanac for 1937. But its original meaning in that work was the third full Moon in a season when there were four full Moons in that season. Some have related the term to the much older English expression moon is blue, which goes back to a couplet from 1528, interpreting it as "something that occurs rarely." However in that poem the expression had a meaning of "something that was absurd." Alternatively, the term blue Moon may have been borrowed from the Chinese lunar calendar particularly in its usage among American Chinese community. In fact in that calendar when there are two full Moons in a month they use the term "blue Moon" and add a thirteenth intercalary month. → blue; → moon.

blue region
  ناحیه‌ی ِ آبی   
nâhiye-ye âbi

Fr.: région bleue   

The portion of the → visible spectrum lying between 455 and 492 nm.

blue; → region.

blue sky
  آسمان ِ آبی   
âsmân-e âbi (#)

Fr.: ciel bleu   

A phenomenon which results from → Rayleigh scattering of sunlight by → atmospheric molecules. → Nitrogen and → oxygen molecules that compose about 78% and 21% of the air, respectively, are small compared to the light → wavelengths, and thus more effective at scattering shorter wavelengths of light (blue and violet). The → selective scattering by these → molecules is responsible for producing the blue skies on a clear sunny day. The sky over the horizon appears much paler in color, because the scattered blue light must pass through more air. Some of it gets scattered away again in other directions. Hence, less blue light reaches the observer's eyes.

blue; → sky.

blue straggler
  ویلان ِ آبی   
veylân-e âbi

Fr.: traînarde bleue, traînard bleu   

Any of stars, often found in → globular clusters and old → open clusters, that lie on the blueward extension of the → main sequence beyond the → turnoff point. Blue stragglers have an anomalously blue color and high luminosity in comparison with other cluster members. The most probable ways in which they could form are: → mass transfer or → coalescence in → close binary systems, encounters or collisions in overcrowded cores of globular clusters.

blue; → straggler.

blue supergiant
  ابرغول ِ آبی   
abarqul-e âbi

Fr.: supergéante bleue   

An evolved star of spectral type O, B, or A; e.g. → Rigel, → Deneb.

blue; → supergiant.

blue wing
  بال ِ آبی   
bâl-e âbi

Fr.: aile bleue   

The → line wing with wavelengths shorter than that of the emission or absorption peak.

blue; → wing.

blueberry
  آبی‌پلار   
âbipelâr

Fr.: myrtille, bleuet   

The edible, usually blueish berry of various shrubs belonging to the genus Vaccinium, of the heath family (TheFreeDictionary).

blue; → berry.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>