An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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procedure
  روند   
ravand (#)

Fr.: procédure   

An act or a manner of proceeding in any action or process; a particular course or mode of action.

From Fr. procédure "manner of proceeding," from O.Fr. procédér from L. procedere "to go forward, advance," from → pro- "forward" + cedere "to go."

Ravand "going," from raftan "to go, walk;" Mid.Pers. raftan, raw-, Proto-Iranian *rab/f- "to go; to attack."

process
  ۱) فراروند؛ ۲) آمودن، آماییدن   
1) farâravand (#); 2) âmudan (#), âmâyidan (#)

Fr.: 1) processus; 2) traiter   

1) (n.) A series of actions directed toward a specific aim.
A series of natural occurrences that produce change or development.
2) (v.) To treat or prepare something in a series of steps or actions.

M.E., from O.Fr. proces, from L. processus "advance, progress," from p.p. stem of procedere "go forward," from → pro- "forward" + cedere "to go."

1) Farâravand, from farâ- "forward" → pro- + ravand, contraction of ravandé "goer, going," from raftan "to go, walk;" Mid.Pers. raftan, raw-, Proto-Iranian *rab/f- "to go; to attack."

Note: Another Pers. equivalent for process (n.), coined by the Mosâhab group on the model of the L. concept, is farâyand (فر‌آیند). This dictionary has not retained farâyand, because it is problematic and even contradictory, as first remarked by M.Sch. Adib-Soltani. The process notion denotes a forward motion, composed of two components indicating the same direction "moving forward." In contrast, farâyand implies two opposite, contrary vectors, farâ- "forward" and âyand "coming, comer," from âmadan "to come." In brief, farâyand would mean "coming in front of, before, into the presence, in advance of," while in contrast farâravand means "to go on, to proceed."

2) Âmudan, âmâyidan "to prepare, to fashion; to cause to be made;" from Proto-Iranian *ā-mā-; cf. O.Pers./Av. mā(y)- "to measure;" Mod.Pers. mâ/mun/mân "measure," as in Pers. terms âz- "to test;" pirâmun "perimeter," âzmun "test, trial," peymân "measuring, agreement," peymâné "a measure; a cup, bowl;" PIE base *me- "to measure;" cf. Skt. mati "measures," matra- "measure;" Gk. metron "measure;" L. metrum.

processing
  آمایش   
âmâyeš

Fr.: traitement   

Performing some predefined sequence of operations on an input to produce an output. → data processing; → image processing .

Noun of the verb → process.

procession
  فراروش   
faârraveš

Fr.: procession   

The act of moving along or proceeding in orderly succession or in a formal and ceremonious manner, as a line of people, animals, vehicles, etc (Dictionary.com).

Verbal noun from → process.

processor
  آماینده، آمایشگر   
âmâyandé, âmâyešgar

Fr.: processeur   

Computers: A central processing unit.
A program that translates another program into a form acceptable by the computer being used. → data processor; → microprocessor

Agent noun of the verb → process.

proclaim
  فرزوییدن   
farzuyidan

Fr.: proclamer   

1) To announce or declare in an official or formal manner.
2) To announce or declare in an open or ostentatious way (Dictionary.com).

pro-; → claim.

Procyon (α CMi)
  فراسگ   
Farâsag

Fr.: Procyon   

The brightest star in the constellation → Canis Minor. With an → apparent visual magnitude of 0.34, Procyon is the eighth brightest star in the night sky. It is actually a → binary star system, consisting of a white → main sequence star of → spectral type F5 IV-V, named Procyon A, and a faint → DA white dwarf companion, named Procyon B. The distance of the system is 11.46 → light-years and the revolution period about 40 years. Procyon A is of → solar metallicity. It has an → effective temperature of about 6600 K and a mass of 1.43 Msun. The age of the white dwarf is estimated to be 1.7 Giga years. Also called Procyon A, HR 2943, HD 61421 (see Chiavassa et al. 2012, arXiv:1201.3264 and references therein).

Procyon, literally "before the dog," referring to the mythical dog, → Canis Minor, from L. from Gk. prokyon, from → pro- "before" + kyon, kuon "dog;" cognate with Pers. sag, as below.

Farâsag, from farâ- "before," → pro-, + sag "dog;" Mid.Pers. sak/sag Av. spā-; cf. Skt. svā-; Gk. kuon; L. canis (Fr. chien); Arm. šun; O.E. hund; O.H.G. hunt; O.Ir. cu; Welsh ci; Rus. sobaka; PIE *kwon-. In several Pers. dialects this term has conserved its older Av. form with respect to its Modern "official" counterpart: Tâleši, Tâti: espa; štiyâni: esb; Kâšâni, Sorxeyi: esbâ; Lâsgardi: aesbae.

product
  ۱، ۲) فر‌آورده؛ ۳) فر‌آورد   
1, 2) farâvardé; 3) farâvard

Fr.: produit   

1) A thing that is made or created (by a person, machine, or natural process).
2) Chemistry: A substance resulting from a chemical reaction.
3) Math.: The result of the → multiplication of two or more quantities.

From M.E., from L. productum "something produced," noun use of neuter p.p. of producere "bring forth," → production.

Farâvardé, farâvard, p.p. of farâvardan "to produce;" → production.

production
  فر‌آورش   
farâvareš (#)

Fr.: production   

The act of producing; creation; something that is produced; a product. → pair production

M.E., from O.Fr. production, from M.L. productionem, from L. productus, p.p. of producere "bring forth," from → pro- "forth" + ducere "to bring, lead."

Farâvareš "bringing forth," from far- "forth," → pro-, + âvareš, "bringing," verbal noun âvardan "to bring; to cause, produce" (Mid.Pers. âwurtan, âvaritan; Av. ābar- "to bring; to possess," from prefix ā- + Av./O.Pers. bar- "to bear, carry," bareθre "to bear (infinitive)," bareθri "a female that bears (children), a mother;" Mod.Pers. bordan "to carry;" Skt. bharati "he carries;" Gk. pherein; L. fero "to carry").

profession
  پیشه   
pišé (#)

Fr.: profession   

An occupation, especially one that requires prolonged training and a formal qualification.

From M.E., from O.Fr. profession, from L. professionem "public declaration," from professus "having declared publicly," ultimately from → pro- "forth" + fateri "to acknowledge, confess."

Pišé "profession, job," from Mid.Pers. pêšak "profession, job, work; class, group;" Av. pištra- "occupation; class, group," from paēs- "to paint; to adorn," paēsa- "adornment;" Mid.Pers. pēsīdan "to adorn;" O.Pers. pais- "to adorn, cut, engrave;" Mid.Pers. bišt-, bis- (nibištan, nibes- "to write"), Mod.Pers -vis, -veš (in nevis-, neveštan "to write"), pisé "variegated;" cf. Skt. piśáti "adorns; cuts;" Gk. poikilos "multicolored;" L. pingit "embroiders, paints;" O.C.S. pisati "to write;" O.H.G. fēh "multicolored;" Lith. piēšti "to draw, adorn;" PIE base *peik- "colored, speckled."

professional
  پیشه‌کار   
pišekâr (#)

Fr.: professionnel   

Relating to or belonging to a profession.

Pišekâr literally "doing as profession," from pišé, → profession, + kâr "work," from kar-, kardan "to do, to make," → -or.

profession; → -al.

professional astronomer
  اخترشناس ِ پیشه‌کار   
axtaršenâs-e pišekâr (#)

Fr.: astronome professionnel   

A person who practices astronomy as a profession rather than as a hobby, in contrast to an → amateur astronomer.

professional; → astronomer.

professor
  استاد   
ostâd (#)

Fr.: professeur   

1) A teacher of the highest academic rank in a college or university.
2) An instructor in some art or skilled sport, such as a professor of singing.

M.E. from L. professor "one who has taken the vows of a religious order," agent noun from profitieri "declare openly," from → pro- "forth" + fateri "to acknowledge, confess."

Ostâd "professor; master; artisan," from Mid.Pers. ôstât, from Av. *aibi-stāta-, *auui-stāta- literally "standing on," i.e. "appointed; agent; head," from aibi-/auui- "upon, toward, against" (O.Pers. abiy-; cf. Skt. abhi-; Gk. amphi-) + stā- "to stand" (→ opposition).

profile
  فراپال   
farâpâl

Fr.: profil   

A graph or drawing that shows the variation of one property (such as intensity), usually as ordinate, with respect to another property (such as wavelength). → line profile.

From It. profilo "a drawing in outline," from profilare "to draw in outline," from → pro- "forth" + filare "draw out, spin," from L.L. filare "to spin, draw out a line," from filum "thread," cognate with Pers. zeh "cord, string," → filament.

Farâpâl, from farâ-, → pro-, + pâl "thread, string," probably cognate with L. filum, as above.

profile fitting method
  روش ِ سزکرد ِ فراپال   
raveš-e sazkard-e farâpâl

Fr.: méthode de l'ajustement de profils   

A method of analysis in which the observed stellar image profiles or spectral line profiles are fitted by model profiles in order to study and derive some properties of the object.

profile; → fitting; → method.

progenitor
  زادار   
zâdâr

Fr.: progéniteur   

The originator of a line of descent; a precursor.

M.E., from O.Fr. progeniteur, from L. progenitorem "ancestor," agent noun from progenitus, p.p. of progignere "beget," from → pro- "forth" + gignere "to produce, beget," cognate with Pers. zâdan, as below.

Agent noun from zâdan "to bring forth, give birth" (Mid.Pers. zâtan; Av. zan- "to bear, give birth to a child, be born," infinitive zazāite, zāta- "born;" cf. Skt. janati "begets, bears," janitár "progenitor, father;" Gk. genetor "progenitor;" L. gignere "to beget," nasci "to be born," as above, PIE base *gen- "to give birth, beget").

progenitor galaxy
  کهکشان ِ زادار   
kahkešân-e zâdâr

Fr.: galaxie mère   

A galaxy which is supposed to be at the origin of a specific event, for example a hypothetical galaxy in which globular clusters might have formed.

progenitor; → galaxy.

progenitor star
  ستاره‌ی ِ زادار   
setâre-ye zâdâr

Fr.: étoile mère   

A star which is supposed to be at the origin of phenomenon, for example a progenitor neutron star which has given rise to a black hole.

progenitor; → star.

prograde motion
  جنبش ِ فرارو   
jonbeš-e farârow

Fr.: mouvement prograde   

A rotational or orbital movement that is the same as most bodies within a celestial system. In the solar system, the apparent eastward motion of a celestial body on the celestial sphere. Opposed to → retrograde motion. Same as → direct motion.

From → pro- "forward" + grade, from L. gradi "to go, step, walk;" → motion.

Jonbeš, → motion; farârow, from farâ- "forward," → pro-, + row present stem of raftan "to go, walk;" Mid.Pers. raftan, raw-, Proto-Iranian *rab/f- "to go; to attack."

prograde orbit
  مدار ِ فرارو   
madâr-e farârow

Fr.: orbite prograde   

Same as →prograde motion.

prograde motion; → orbit.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>