An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
circular orbit
  مدار ِ دایره‌ای، ~ پرهونی   
madâr-e dâyere-yi, ~ parhuni

Fr.: orbite circulaire   

The path of a object in → circular motion.

circular; → orbit.

circular polarization
  قطبش ِ پرهونی، ~ دایره‌ای   
qotbeš-e parhuni, ~ dâyereyi (#)

Fr.: polarisation circulaire   

The → polarization of an → electromagnetic radiation in which the electric field vector describes a circle about the direction of propagation at any point in the path of the radiation. Circular polarization is a combination of two perpendicular → linearly polarized waves that are 90 degrees out of phase with each other. Circular polarization may be referred to as "right-hand" or "left-hand," depending on the rotation direction as viewed by the observer.

circular; → polarization.

circular variable filter (CVF)
  پالایه‌ی ِ ورتنده‌ی ِ پرهونی، ~ ~ دایره‌ای   
pâlâye-ye vartande-ye parhuni, ~ ~ dâyereyi

Fr.: filtre circulaire variable   

Circular band-pass interference filter whose thickness and central wavelength vary along the perimeter. They are used in low-resolution spectrophotometers mainly in the infra-red.

circular; → variable; → filter.

circularly polarized light
  نور ِ قطبیده‌ی ِ دایره‌ای   
nur-e qotbide-ye dâyere-yi

Fr.: lumière polarisée circulairement   

Light exhibiting → circular polarization.

circular; → polarized; → light.

circulation
  پرهونش   
parhuneš

Fr.: circulation   

The continuous movement of something from place to place or in an enclosed space. → meridional circulation.

M.E. circulacioun, from M.Fr. circulation or directly from L. circulationem, from circulare "to form a circle," from circulus "small ring," → circle.

Parhuneš, verbal noun from parhunidan, from parhun, → circle.

circum-
  پیرا-   
pirâ- (#)

Fr.: circum-, circon-   

L. prefix meaning "around, round about."

From L. circum "around," accusative of circus "circle, ring," from Gk. kirkos, krikos "ring," PIE *sker-, *ker- "to turn, bend."

Pirâ- "around, about," variants par-, fer-, pâl- (as in ferdows, pardis, pâliz, from Av. pairidaeza- "enclosure, park"); Mid.Pers. pêrâ; O.Pers. pariy "around, about;" Av. pairi "around, over;" cf. Skt. pari; Indo-Iranian *pari- "around;" Gk. peri "around, about, beyond;" L. per "through;" PIE base *per- "through, across, beyond." The word paradize, with various forms in European languages, is a loan from Av. pairidaeza- "enclosure, park" (other Av. examples: pairifrâsa- "asking round about," pairivâra- "circumvallation").

circumbinary
  پیرادرینی   
pirâdorini

Fr.: circumbinaire   

Of or relating to an object that revolves around a → binary system.

circum- + → binary.

circumbinary disk
  گرده‌ی ِ پیرادرینی، دیسک ِ ~   
gerde-ye pirâdorini, disk-e ~

Fr.: disque circumbinaire   

A relatively thin structure of matter composed mainly of gas and dust that orbits both the → primary and → secondary stars in → binary systems.

circumbinary; → disk.

circumblack-hole disk
  گرده‌ی ِ پیرا-سیه‌چال   
gerde-ye pirâ-siyah câl

Fr.: disque autour de trou noir   

An → accretion disk formed around a → black hole.

circum-; → black; → hole.

circumcenter
  پیرامرکز   
pirâmarkaz

Fr.: centre du cercle circonscrit d'un triangle   

In a triangle, the point where the perpendicular bisectors of the triangle's sides converge.

circum-; → center.

circumcircle
  پیراپرهون   
pirâparhun

Fr.: cercle circonscrit   

A circle which passes through all three vertices of a triangle Also "Circumscribed circle".

circum-; → circle.

circumference
  پیرامون   
pirâmun (#)

Fr.: circonférence   

1) The boundary line of a circle.
2) The boundary line of a figure, area, or object.

From M.E., from O.Fr. circonference, from L. circumferentia, from circumferens, circumferent-, pr.p. of circumferre "to carry around," from → circum- + ferre "to carry," from PIE root *bher-; "to carry;" cf. Av./O.Pers. bar- "to bear, carry," barəθre "to bear (infinitive)," barəθri- "a female that bears (children), a mother," Mod.Pers. bordan "to carry," Skt. bharati "he carries," Gk. pherein, P.Gmc. *beranan (O.H.G. beran, Goth. bairan "to carry").

Pirâmun, from Mid.Pers. pêrâmôn, from O.Pers./Av. mâ-, mây- "to measure," from PIE *me- "measure," cf. Skt. mati "measures," matra "measure," Gk. metra "lot, portion," L. metri "to measure." In Mod.Pers. this stem is extant in peymaân, peymaâné, âzmun, âzmâyeš.

circumfix
  پیراوند   
pirâvand

Fr.: circumfixe   

An → affix made up of two separate parts which surround and attach to a base.

circum-; → affix.

circumgalactic medium (CGM)
  مدیم ِ پیراکهکشانی   
madim-e pirâkahkešâni

Fr.: milieu circumgalactique   

The interface between a galaxy and the → intergalactic medium. The circumgalactic medium comprises gas located in the → halo of a galaxy extending out to the → virial radius.

circum-; → galactic.

circumlunar
  پیرامانگی، پیراماهی   
pirâmângi, pirâmâhi (#)

Fr.: circumlunaire   

Surrounding or revolving around the Moon.

Circumlunar, from → circum- + → lunar.

circumnuclear
  پیراهسته‌ای   
pirâhasteyi

Fr.: circumnucléaire   

Situated around a → nucleus, as of a → circumnuclear disk.

circum- + → nuclear.

circumnuclear disk
  گرده‌ی ِ پیراهسته‌ای   
gerde-ye pirâhasteyi

Fr.: disque circumnucléaire   

A thick disk of gas and dust clouds surrounding the → Galactic Center up to about 20 → light-years. The disk is very clumpy; the → clumps have densities of several 105 particles/cm3, radii of about 0.3 light-years, and gas temperatures above 100 K. The hydrogen mass of the disk is a few 104 → solar masses. Such circumnuclear disks are present also in other galaxies.

circumnuclear; → disk.

circumpolar
  پیراقطبی   
pirâqotbi (#)

Fr.: circumpolaire   

Situated around or near a pole, as of the Earth or the sky. → circumpolar star.

circum-; → polar.

circumpolar star
  ستاره‌ی ِ پیراقطبی   
setâre-ye pirâqotbi (#)

Fr.: étoile circumpolaire   

Star that, from a given observer's → latitude, does not rise or set, but circles around the → celestial pole. To be circumpolar, a star must have a polar distance that is less than the observer's latitude. Whether a given star is circumpolar at the observer's latitude (φ) may be calculated in terms of the star's → declination (δ). The star is circumpolar if φ + δ ≥ +90° (observer in northern hemisphere), or φ + δ ≤ -90° (observer in southern hemisphere).

circumpolar; → star.

circumscribe
  پیراوشتن   
pirâveštan

Fr.: circonscrire   

To draw a line around; encircle.

L. circumscribere "to draw a line around, confine," from → circum- + scribere "write," from PIE *skreibh-, from *sker- "to cut, incise."

Pirâkašidan, from pirâ-, → circum- + vešidan "to write," → inscribe.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>