An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics

The south polar area, south of latitude 66° 33’ 8’’ S.

Etymology (EN): Antarctic, from O.Fr. antartique, from M.L. antarcticus, from Gk. antarktikos “opposite the north,” from → anti- “opposite” + arktikos, → arctic.

Etymology (PE): Daštargân, from daštar, → south, + -gân suffix indicating the direction.
Jonubgân, from jonub “south,” from Ar. janub “south,” + -gân, as above.