govern فرشاییدن faršâyidan Fr.: gouverner General: To rule over, to exercise authority.
Science: To serve as or constitute a law for, e.g. physical laws governing star
formation, the Universe, and so on.
To regulate the speed of (an engine) with a governor. Etymology (EN): From O.Fr. governer “to govern,” from L. gubernare “to direct, rule,
guide,” originally “to steer,” from Gk. kybernan “to steer or pilot a ship”
(the root of cybernetics). Etymology (PE): Faršâyidan, from Av. fraxšā(y)- “to establish authority,
to deploy lordship,”
from fra- “forward, forth” (Av. pouruua- “first”; cf.
Skt. pūrva- “first,”
pra- “before, formerly,” Gk. pro;
L. pro; O.E. fyrst “foremost,” superlative of fore, from
P.Gmc. *furisto; E. fore) - xšā(y)- “to rule, have power,”
xšayati “has power, rules,” xšāyô “power;”
O.Pers. xša- “to rule,”
pati-xša- “to have lordship over,” Xšyāršan-
“hero among kings” or “ruling over heroes” the proper name of the Achaemenid emperor
Hellenized as
Xerxes, upari.xšay- “to rule over,” xšāyaθiya- “king;”
Mid.Pers. šâh “king,” pâdixšâ(y) “ruler; powerful; authoritative;”
Mod.Pers. šâh “king,” pâdšâh “protecting lord, emperor, monarch,
king,” šâyestan “to be worth, suit, fit;” cf. Skt. ksā- “to rule,
have power,” ksáyati “possesses;”
Gk. ktaomai “I acquire,” ktema “piece of property;”
PIE base *tkeh- “to own, obtain.”
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