An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics

English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه‌شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک



urge
  ۱) گرژیدن؛ ۲) گرژ  
1) garžidan; 2) garž
Fr.: 1) pousser, exhorter, presser; 2) désir ardent, forte envie  

1a) To push or force along; impel with force or vigor.

1b) To drive with incitement to speed or effort.

1c) To impel, constrain, or move to some action.

  1. An act of urging; impelling action, influence, or force; impulse (Dictionary.com).

Etymology (EN): From L. urgere “to press hard, push forward, drive, compel,,” from PIE root *ureg- “to push, shove, drive;” cf. Lith. verziu “tie, fasten, squeeze,” vargas “need, distress;” O.C.S. vragu “enemy;” Gothic wrikan “to persecute;” O.E. wrecan “avenge;
drive, hunt, pursue;” E. wreak “to inflict, to cause;” Av. uruuaj- “to walk,” see below.

Etymology (PE): Garžidan, from Proto-Ir. *uraj- “to go forth” (Cheung 2007; on the model of *urad- “to soften,” Baluchi grast “to cook in oil or water”); cf. Av. uruuaj- “to go forth, walk;” cf. Kurd. guš, gušin (?) “to press, squeeze, shake;” Skt. vraj- “to stride, walk, proceed;” cognate with L. urgere, as above (Cheung 2007).