An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
Compton suppression
  نهاوش ِ کامپتون   
nehâveš-e Compton

Fr.: suppression de Compton   

In → gamma ray → spectroscopy, a technique to reduce the contribution of gamma rays generated by → Compton scattering.

Compton; → suppression.

Compton wavelength
  موج-طول ِ کامپتون   
mowjtul-e Compton, tul-e mowj-e ~

Fr.: longueur d'onde de Compton, longueur d'onde Compton   

The quantum wavelength of a particle with a highly relativistic velocity. The Compton wavelength is given by h/mc, where h is Planck's constant, m is the mass of the particle, and c the light speed. For an electron, the Compton wavelength is about 2.4 × 10-10 cm, intermediate between the size of an atomic nucleus and an atom.

Compton; → wavelength.

Comptonization
  کامپتونش   
Kâmptoneš

Fr.: comptonisation   

The change in the → spectrum of → electromagnetic radiation due to → scattering from → electrons. When → photons and electrons coexist in the same volume of space, their → collisions can → transfer energy from photons to electrons (→ Compton effect) or from electrons to photons (→ inverse Compton effect).

Verbal noun of → Comptonize; → -tion.

Comptonize
  کامپتونیدن   
Kâmptonidan

Fr.: comptoniser   

The verb describing the → Camptonization process.

Compton; → -ize.

Comptonized emission
  گسیل ِ کامپتونیده   
gosil-e Kâmptonidé

Fr.: émission comptonisée   

Emission undergone → Comptonization.

Comptonize; → emission.

compulsion
  وادارش، وادارکرد   
vâdâreš, vâdârkard

Fr.: obligation   

The action or state of forcing or being forced to do something; constraint (OxforddDctionaries.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. compulsion, from L. compulsion-, noun of action from past-participle stem of compellere, → compel.

Verbal noun from vâdâridan, vâdâr kardan, → compel.

compulsory
  وادارشی، وادارکردی   
vâdâreši, vâdârkardi

Fr.: obligatoire   

Required by law or a rule; obligatory; involving or exercising compulsion; coercive (OxforddDctionaries.com).

From M.L. compulsorius, from L. compulsus, p.p. of compellere, → compel.

Adjective from vâdâreš, vâdârkard, → compulsion.

computation
  حساب   
hesâb (#)

Fr.: calcul   

The act, process, or method of calculating.

Verbal noun of → compute.

compute
  حسابیدن   
hesâbidan (#)

Fr.: calculer   

To determine by calculation, especially by numerical methods; to determine by using a computer or calculator. See also → calculate.

From Fr. computer, from L. computare "to count, sum up," from → com- "with" + putare "to prune, clean, settle an account, think over, reflect;" PIE base *pau- "to cut, strike, stamp."

Hesâbidan, from Ar. hesâb "reckoning, computation," + infinitive suffix -idan.

computer
  رایانگر   
râyângar (#)

Fr.: ordinateur   

An electronic device which can accept data, apply a series of logical instructions rapidly, and supply the results of the processes as information.

From → compute + suffix → -er.

Râyângar "arranger, organizer," on the model of Fr. ordinateur according to which the electronic device arranges/organizes instructions and information. Râyângar, from râyân- stem of râyânidan "to regulate, set in order," from Mid.Pers. râyânīdan "to arrange, organize" + -gar agent suffix. Râyân-, from rây-, Mod.Pers. ârây-, ârâyeš, ârâyidan "to arrange, adorn," Mid.Pers. ârây-, ârâstan "to arrange, adorn;" O.Pers. rād- "to prepare," rās- "to be right, straight, true," rāsta- "straight, true" (Mod.Pers. râst "straight, true"); Av. rāz- "to direct, put in line, set," razan- "order;" Gk. oregein "to stretch out;" L. regere "to lead straight, guide, rule," p.p. rectus "right, straight;" Skt. rji- "to make straight or right, arrange, decorate;" PIE base *reg- "move in a straight line;" see also → direct.

computer virus
  ویروس ِ ازداییک، ~ رایانگر   
virus-e azdâyik, ~ râyângar

Fr.: virus informatique   

A segment of self-replicating code planted illegally in a computer program, often to damage or shut down a system or network (Dictionary.com).

computer; → virus.

computerization
  رایانگرش، رایانگرانش   
râyângareš, râyângarâneš

Fr.:   

The process or state of computerizing.

computerize.

computerize
  رایانگریدن، رایانگراندن   
râyângaridan, râyângarândan

Fr.:   

To control, perform, process, or store by means of or in an electronic computer or computers.

From → computer + verb forming suffix → -ize.

concave
  کاو   
kâv (#)

Fr.: concave   

Of a surface, curving inward.

From L. concavus "hollow," from → com- intensive prefix + cavus "hollow;" PIE base *keu- "a swelling, arch, cavity."

Kâv "hollow," verb kâvidan (kâftan) "to dig; to examine, investigate," cf. L. cavus "hollow" (E. derivatives: cavity, concave, cave, excavate), Gk. koilos "hollow," Armenian sor; PIE *kowos "hollow."

concave grating
  توری ِ کاو   
turi-ye kâv (#)

Fr.: réseau concave   

A → diffraction grating ruled on a concave spherical mirror that eliminates chromatic aberration and transmits regions of the spectrum, such as the ultraviolet, which is not transmitted by glass lenses.

concave; → grating.

concave lens
  عدسی ِ کاو   
adasi-ye kâv (#)

Fr.: lentille concave   

A lens which is thinner at the center than at the edges and diverges the light rays.

concave; → lens.

concave mirror
  آینه‌ی ِ کاو   
âyene-ye kâv (#)

Fr.: miroir concave   

A mirror whose surface is curved inward and converges the light rays.

concave; → mirror.

concavo-convex lens
  عدسی ِ کاو-کوژ   
adasi-ye kâv-kuž (#)

Fr.: lentille concavo-convexe   

A type of → convergent lens that is concave on one surface and convex on the opposite surface. Also called → meniscus lens. Meniscus lenses are used most often in conjunction with another lens to produce an optical system of a longer or shorter → focal length than the original lens.

concave; → convex; → lens.

conceive
  بگرتیدن   
begertidan

Fr.: concevoir   

To form a notion or idea of.

M.E., from O.Fr. conceivre, from L. concipere "to take fully, take in," → concept.

Verb from begert, → concept.

concentrate
  ۱) هم‌مرکزیدن، هم‌مرکز کردن؛ ۲) دبزیدن   
1) hammarkazidan, hammarkaz kardan; 2) dabzidan

Fr.: concentrer   

1) To bring or draw to a common center or point of union.
2) Of a solution, to make denser, stronger, or purer, esp. by the removal or reduction of liquid.

Verb with p.p. → concentrated.


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