An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
flight
  پرواز   
parvâz (#)

Fr.: vol   

The act, manner, or power of flying.

O.E. flyht "a flying, flight," from P.Gmc. *flukhtiz (cf. Ger. Flucht).

Parvâz, from Mid.Pers. parwâz; Av. pāirivāza- "overrunning," from pāiri- "over (of space), from" + vāza- from vaz- "to fly, float; to drive;" cf. Skt. vah-, vahati. Also Mid.Pers. vâz "jump, flight," Mod.Pers. Lori, Gilaki, Tabari vâz "jump, leap."

flint glass
  فلینت، شیشه‌ی ِ ~   
flint, šiše-ye ~ (#)

Fr.: flint, flint-glass   

A basic type of optical glass containing lead oxide and a smaller amount of potassium, characterized by its brilliance, clarity, and durability. It has a high → dispersion relative to its → refractive index, as compared to, e.g. → crown glass. Flint glass is sometimes used as the diverging lens component of an → achromatic lens. It is also used in the manufacture of table glassware.

Flint, because it was originally made of calcined flints, from M.E., O.E.; cf. M.Du. vlint, O.H.G. flins, Dan. flint; Gk. plinthos "brick, tile."

flocculent spiral galaxy
  کهکشان ِ مارپیچ ِ پشمین   
kahkešân-e mârpic-e pašmin

Fr.: galaxie spirale floculente   

A galaxy that has short segments of patchy spiral structure so that the disk appears like the fleece of a sheep. Examples: NGC 2841 and NGC 5055.

From L. floccus "flock of wool" + -ulent; → spiral galaxy.

Kahkešân, → galaxy; mârpic, → spiral; pašmin "woolly, woollen," from pašm "wool" (Mid.Pers. pašm "wool;" Av. pašna- "eyelash, eyelid;" cp. Skt. páksman- "eyelashes;" Gk. pekos "wool, fleece," pek(t)ein "to comb, pluck;" Lith. pešti "to pluck;" O.N. fax "mane").

flood
  لف، سیل   
laf, seyl (#)

Fr.: inondation   

The overflowing of the normal confines of a stream or other body of water, or the accumulation of water over areas that are not normally submerged.

O.E. flod "a flowing of water, river, sea," from P.Gmc. *flothuz (cf. M.Du. vloet, Ger. Flut), from PIE *plo-/*pleu- "flow, float" (cf. Gk. ploein "to float, swim").

Laf "flood," from Lori, Kordi, Malâyeri, in Tabari, variants lur, lây "flood" [Mo'in, Dehxodâ]; cf. Gk. louein "to wash;" L. luere "to wash;" Bret. laouer "trough;" PIE *lou- "to wash." Seyl from Ar.

floor
  کف   
kaf (#)

Fr.: sol   

1) That part of a room, hallway, or the like, that forms its lower enclosing surface and upon which one walks.
2) A level, supporting surface in any structure (Dictionary.com).

M.E. flor, from O.E. flor (cf. M.Du. vloer, M.H.G. vluor, Ger. Flur "field, meadow"), from PIE *plaros, from *pele- "flat; to spread."

Kaf "floor; plain ground."

Flora family
  خانواده‌ی ِ فلورا   
xânevâde-ye Flora

Fr.: famille Flora   

An → asteroid family that includes → Gaspra. The group has about 819 members and orbits between 2.17 and 2.33 → astronomical units from the Sun.

Flora; → family.

flotation
  شناوری   
šenâvari (#)

Fr.: flottation   

1) The act or state of remaining on the surface of a liquid. → buoyancy.
2) The process of separating different materials, especially minerals, by agitating a pulverized mixture of the materials with water, oil, and chemicals based on their tendency to sink in, or float on.

From float, from M.E. floten,  O.E. flotian (cf. O.N. flota, M.Du. vloten), akin to fleet + -ation.

Šenâvari "flotation," from šenâvar "that swims, floats," from šenâ "swimming;" Mid.Pers. šnâz "swim," šnâzidan "to swim;" Av. snā- "to wash, swim;" cf. Skt. snā- "to bathe, to wash;" L. nare, natare "to swim" (Fr. nage, nager, natation; Sp.nadar, natacion).

flow
  ۱) تچان؛ ۲) تچیدن   
1) tacân; 2) tacidan

Fr.: 1) flot, écoulement; 2) couler, s'écouler   

1a) Moving along in a → stream; going as in a stream.
1b) A → dynamical system that evolves continuously with time.
1c) The transference of energy.
2) The corresponding verb.

O.E. flowan, from P.Gmc. *flo- (cf. Du. vloeien "to flow," O.H.G. flouwen "to rinse, wash"), probably from PIE *pleu- "to flow, float" (cf. Skt. plavate "navigates, swims," plavayati "overflows;" Gk. plyno "I wash," pleo "swim, go by sea;" L. pluere "to rain;" Arm. helum "I pour;" Lith. pilu "to pour out").

1) Tacân, from tac- variant tâz- present stem of tacidan, tâxtan, tâzidan "to run; to hasten; to assault," + noun and adj. suffix -ân. Related to the first component are Mod.Pers. tajan name of a river (initially "flowing, streaming, stream"), tâzi "swift (greyhound)," tak "running, rush," from Mid.Pers. tâz-, tâxtan "to flow, to cause to walk," tc- "to flow, to walk," tag "running, attack," tâzig "swift, fast;" Khotanese ttajs- "to flow, to walk;" Av. tac- "to run, to flow," taciāp- "flowing water," tacinti (3pl.pers.act.) "to flow," tacar- "course," tacan "current, streaming;" cf. Skt. tak- "to rush, to hurry," takti "runs;" O.Ir. tech- "to flow;" Lith. teketi "to walk, to flow;" O.C.S. tešti "to walk, to hurry;" Tokharian B cake "river;" PIE base *tekw- "to run; to flow."
2) Verbal form.

flow line
  خط ِ تچان   
xatt-e tacân

Fr.: ligne d'écoulement   

Same as → streamline.

flow; → line.

flow rate
  نرخ ِ تچان   
nerx-e tacân

Fr.: débit   

The amount of a substance, specifically a → fluid, moving across a specified unit → area in a given amount of → time.

flow; → rate.

flow tube
  لوله‌ی ِ تچان   
lule-ye tacân

Fr.: tube d'écoulement   

Same as → stream tube.

flow; → tube.

flowability
  تچندگی   
tacandegi

Fr.: aptitude à s'écouler, coulabilité   

The ability of a body of matter (liquid, gas, loose particulate solid) to flow.

From flowable, adj. from → flow + → -able + → -ity.

Tacandegi, from tacandé (originally tacandag), agent noun of tacidan, → flow, + noun suffix -i.

fluctuate
  افتاخیزیدن، افتاخیز کردن   
oftâxizidan, oftâxiz kardan (#)

Fr.: fluctuer   

To change continually; to shift back and forth; vary irregularly; to rise and fall in or as if in waves.

From L. fluctuationem (nom. fluctuatio), from fluctuare "to undulate," from fluctus "wave," from p.p. of fluere "to flow."

Verbal form of oftâxiz, → fluctuation.

fluctuation
  افتاخیز   
oftâxiz (#)

Fr.: fluctuation   

Continual rise and fall.

Verbal noun of → fluctuate.

Oftâxiz "fall and rise," from oft "fall" stem of oftâdan "to fall" (Mid.Pers. opastan "to fall," patet "falls;" Av. pat- " to fly, fall, rush," patarəta- "winged;" cf. Skt. patati "he flies, falls," pátra- "wing, feather, leaf;" Gk. piptein "to fall," pterux "wing;" L. penna "feather, wing;" O.E. feðer "feather;" PIE base *pet- "to fly, rush") + -â- interfix + xiz present stem of xâstan, xizidan "to rise, get up" (Mid.Pers. xyz- "to stand up, rise;" Proto-Iranian *xiz- "to rise, ascend; increase").

fluff
  کرک   
kork (#)

Fr.: duvet   

1) Light, downy particles, as of cotton.
2) A soft, light, downy mass (Dictionary.com).

Apparently a variant of floow "wooly substance, down, nap," perhaps from Flemish vluwe, from Fr. velu "shaggy, hairy," from L. vellus "fleece," or L. villus "tuft of hair" (Online Etymology Dictionary).

Kork "down, soft wool, fluff," of unknown etymology.

fluffy
  کرکوار، کرکی   
korkvâr, korki

Fr.: duveteux, bouffant   

Of, resembling, or covered with fluff.
2) Light or airy (Dictionary.com).

From → fluff + -y adj. suffix, from O.E. -ig, cognate with L. -icus, → -ic.

Korkvâr "resembling fluff," with -vâr, a suffix of possession, similarity, and aptitude (e.g., omidvâr, sezâvâr, sugvâr, šâhvâr, gušvâr), → -oid; korki adj. with -i.

fluffy dust grain
  دانه‌ی ِ غبار ِ کرکوار   
dâne-ye qobâr-e korkvâr

Fr.: grain de poussière duveteux   

An aggregate of small particles loosely stuck together. Same as → porous dust grain.

fluffy; → dust; → grain.

fluid
  شاره   
šâré (#)

Fr.: fluide   

A continuous, amorphous substance whose molecules move freely past one another and that has the tendency to assume the shape of its container; collective term for liquids and gases.

From L. fluidus "fluid, flowing," from fluere "to flow;" → flux.

Šârré, from šârr, → flux.

fluid dynamics
  توانیک ِ شاره‌ها   
tavânik-e šârehâ

Fr.: dynamique des fluides   

The branch of → fluid mechanics that deals with the movement of gases and liquids.

fluid; → dynamics.

fluid mechanics
  مکانیک ِ شاره‌ها   
mekânik-e šârehâ

Fr.: mécanique des fluides   

The branch of physics that extends the ideas developed in → mechanics and → thermodynamics to the study of motion and equilibrium of → fluids.

mechanics; → fluid.


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