An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
side
  بر، پهلو، کنار   
bar (#), pahku (#), kenâr (#)

Fr.: côté   

1) A line segment that forms part of the perimeter of a plane geometric figure.
2) A surface of a solid geometric figure.

M.E., from O.E. side "flanks of a person, the long part of anything;" cf. O.S. sida, O.N. sitha, M.Du. side, O.H.G. sita, Ger. Seite.

Bar "side; breadth; breast," variant var; Mid.Pers. var "breast;" Av. vouru "wide, broad, extended" (vourucašāni- "looking far"), related to varah- "breast;" cf. Skt. urú- "wide, broad," úras- "breast;" Gk. eurus "wide, broad;" PIE base uer-, ueru-s "wide, broad."
Pahlu "side, flank;" Mid.Pers. pahlug "side, rib," Av. pərəsu- "rib," Ossetic fars "side, flank," cf. Skt. párśu- "rib," O.C.S. prbsi "breast," Lit. piršys (pl.) "horse breast."
Kenâr "side," variant karân "edge, limit;" Mid.Pers. karân, karânak, kenâr "edge, limit, boundary;" Av. karana- "side, boundary, end."
octagon, → polygon, → quadrilateral, → triangle.

side lobe
  لپ ِ کناری   
lap-e kenâri

Fr.: lobe secondaire   

1) In → radio astronomy, smaller amounts of gain found either side of the main lobe.
2) In transmitting antennae, radiation in any direction other than that required.

side; → lobe.

sideband
  باند ِ کناری، کنار-باند   
bând-e kenâri, kenâr-bând

Fr.: bande latérale   

Either of the two bands of frequencies, one just above (upper side) and one just below (lower side) a carrier frequency, that result from modulation of a carrier wave.

side; → band.

Bând, → band; kenâr "side," variant karân "edge, limit;" Mid.Pers. karân, karânak, kenâr "edge, limit, boundary;" Av. karana- "side, boundary, end."

sidereal
  اختری   
axtari (#)

Fr.: sidéral   

Of, relating to, or determined by or from stars.

From M.Fr. sidereal, from L. sidereus "starry, astral," from sidus (genitive sideris) "star, constellation."

Axtari, pertaining to axtar "star," probably a variant of setâréstar.

sidereal day
  روز ِ اختری   
ruz-e axtari (#)

Fr.: jour sidéral   

The period of → Earth's rotation around its axis, the mean value of which is about 23h 56m 04.092s (23.934 470 hours). In other words, the interval between two successive passages of a star across a given → meridian. The sidereal day is 3 minutes 56 seconds shorter than the → mean solar day. The reason is that Earth moves a little less than a degree around the Sun during the time it takes for one full axial rotation. So, for the Sun to appear on the same meridian in the sky again after one full axial rotation, the Earth has to rotate one extra degree to bring the Sun into the same apparent meridian in the sky. This is also why the stars rise and set about 4 min earlier each day.

sidereal; → day.

sidereal hour angle
  زاویه‌ی ِ ساعتی ِ اختری   
zâviye-ye sâ'ati-ye axtari (#)

Fr.: angle horaire   

The angle on the celestial sphere measured westward from the hour circle of the vernal equinox to that of the celestial body.

sidereal; → hour angle.

sidereal month
  ماه ِ اختری   
mâh-e axtari (#)

Fr.: mois sidéral   

The time taken by the Moon to complete one → revolution around the Earth with respect to a background, → fixed star. The average time is 27.321 661 days (27d 7h 43m 11.5s). Same as → lunar sidereal orbital period.

sidereal; → month.

sidereal period
  دوره‌ی ِ اختری   
dowre-ye axtari (#)

Fr.: période sidérale   

sidereal revolution period; → sidereal rotation period.

sidereal; → period.

sidereal revolution period
  دوره‌ی ِ گردش ِ اختری   
dowre-ye gardeš-e axtari (#)

Fr.: période de révolution sidérale   

The time taken by a planet or satellite to complete one revolution about its primary with respect to stars. For Earth, same as → sidereal year. Sidereal periods of the solar system planets, interms of the sidereal year, are as follows: Mercury 0.240846 (87.9691 days); Venus 0.615 (225 days); Earth 1 (365.25636 solar days); Mars 1.881; Jupiter 11.86; Satrurn 29.46; Uranus 84.01; and Neptune 164.8. That of the Moon is 0.0748 (27.32 days) and for → Sedna 12050.

sidereal; → revolution; → period.

sidereal rotation period
  دوره‌ی ِ چرخش ِ اختری   
dowre-ye carxeš-e axtari

Fr.: période de rotation sidérale   

The rotation period of a celestial body with respect to fixed stars. For Earth, same as → sidereal day.

sidereal; → rotation; → period.

sidereal time
  زمان ِ اختری   
zamân-e axtari (#)

Fr.: temps sidéral   

The time based upon → Earth's rotation with respect to the stars, with the → sidereal day as the unit of measurement. At the moment when the → vernal equinox crosses the → meridian in → upper culmination, sidereal time is equal to zero hours for that observing position. The → hour angle of the vernal equinox is equal to sidereal time.

sidereal; → time.

sidereal year
  سال ِ اختری   
sâl-e axtari (#)

Fr.: année sidérale   

The interval between two successive passages of the Sun, in its apparent → annual motion around the → celestial sphere, through a particular point relative to stars. It is equal to 365.256356 days for the J2000.0 epoch and is 20m 24.5s longer than the → tropical year.

sidereal; → year.

siderite
  سیدریت   
siderit (#)

Fr.: sidérite   

1) A mineral composed of iron carbonate, FeCO3, that is a valuable ore of → iron.
2) A category of → meteorites consisting mainly of → iron and → nickel, commonly referred to as Irons. There are 13 different chemical groups of siderites. These groups are defined based on the relative abundance of nickel, gallium, germanium, and iridium. Irons are also categorized by their structural type.

sidero-; → -ite.

sidero-
  آهن-، سیدرو-   
âhan-, sidero-

Fr.: sidéro   

A combining form meaning "iron," used in the formation of compound words; variant sider- before a vowel.

From Gk. sideros "iron."

Âhan-, from âhan, → iron.
Sidero-, loan from Gk., as above.

siderolite
  سیدرولیت   
siderolit (#)

Fr.: sidérolithe, sidérolite   

The category of → meteorites commonly referred to as → stony-irons. The three classes of siderolites are → lodranites, → mesosiderites, and → pallasites.

From Gk. sidero-, from sideros "iron" + -lite a combining form used in the names of minerals.

siderophile
  آهندوست، سیدرندوست   
âhandust, siderodust

Fr.: sidérophile   

siderophile element.

sidero-; → -phile.

siderophile element
  بن‌پار ِ آهندوست   
bonpâr-e âhandust

Fr.: élément sidérophile   

In the → Goldschmidt classification, any → chemical element that has an → affinity to combine with → iron rather than some other element. These elements are concentrated in the → Earth's core. The group includes → iron (Fe), → nickle (Ni), → cobalt (Co), → platinum (Pt), → gold (Au), → tin (Zn), and → tantalum (Ta). The siderophile elements include → highly siderophile element (HSE).

siderophile; → element.

siderostat
  اخترداشتار   
axtardâštâr

Fr.: sidérostat   

A mirror arrangement with clock drive that reflects light from a celestial body to a fixed position. → coelostat; → heliostat.

From L. sidero-, from sidus (genitive sideris) "star, constellation" + -stat prefix denoting something that stabilizes, keeps, fixes, from -stata, from Gk. -states "one that causes to stand," or statos "standing," from *sta- "to stand."

Axtardâštâr, from axtar, → star, + dâštâr "holder, maintainer," from dâštan "to hold, maintain; to have; to possess;" Mid.Pers. dâštan; O.Pers./Av. dar- "to hold, keep back, maintain, keep in mind;" cf. Skt. dhr-, dharma- "law;" Gk. thronos "elevated seat, throne;" L. firmus "firm, stable;" Lith. daryti "to make;" PIE base *dher- "to hold, support."

siemens (S)
  زیمنس   
siemens (#)

Fr.: siemens   

The SI unit of electrical conductance, equal to the reciprocal of the ohm and replacing the equivalent MKS unit.

Named for the German electrical engineer Werner von Siemens (1816-1892).

sieve of Eratosthenes
  غربال ِ اراتوستنس   
qarbâl-e Eratosthenes (#)

Fr.: crible d'Eratosthène   

A classical method of finding all → prime numbers up to any given number n. The method consists of listing all positive integers from 2 up to the given number and then deleting some of them sequentially in steps. For example, if we wish to find the primes less than or equal to 50, we proceed as follows. All integers from 2 to 50 are first written. The integers that are divisible by 2, other than 2, are crossed out from the list. Since 3 is the first integer greater than 2 that is not removed, all the integers divisible by 3, other than 3, are crossed out. We do the same with 5 and then 7. Since all composite integers ≤ 50 are divisible by 2, 3, 5, or 7 (i.e. ≤ √50), all the remaining integers not deleted are prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, and 47.

M.E. sive, O.E. sife "sieve;" cf. M.Du. seve, Du. zeef, O.H.G. sib, Ger. Sieb, of unknown origin. Related to sift.

Qarbâl (variants qarbil, qarbir, qelber, qalbur, gerbâl), probably related to the PIE base *krei- "to sieve, separate;" cf. Gk. krinein "to separate, decide, judge," krisis "decision;" L. cribrum "sieve" (Fr. crible), cernere "to sift, separate;" O.E. hriddel "sieve;" O.Ir. criathar; O.Welsh cruitr "sieve." Pers. qarbâl loaned in Ar. as gharbala "to sift," itself loaned in It. garbellare; M.Fr. garbeler "to sift;" E. garble "to sift impurities from."


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<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>