An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
Dschubba
  جبهه   
Jebhe

Fr.: Dschubba   

Primary star of the → Delta Scorpii system.

Dschubba, from Ar. Al-Jabhah (الجبهه) "the forehead" Scorpion). The name was officially adopted by the → International Astronomical Union's Working Group on Star Names on 21 August 2016.

dual
  دوگانه   
dogâné (#)

Fr.: double   

Of, pertaining to, or noting two; having a twofold, or double, character or nature.

From L. dualis, from duo "two."

Dogâné, from do "two," cognate with duo + -gân plurality suffix + nuance suffix.

dual supermassive black hole
  سیه‌چال ِ ابر-پرجرم ِ دوگانه   
siyah-câl-e abar-porjerm-e dogâné

Fr.: trou noir supermassif double   

The outcome of a → merger process between two galaxies, each with its own central → supermassive black hole (SMBH), resulting in a remnant galaxy hosting two SMBHs. Simulations of → galaxy mergers show there should be lots of dual → active galactic nuclei (AGN) visible at less than 10 kpc separations. As of 2015 more than 100 known dual supermassive black holes have been found. See also → binary supermassive black hole.

dual; → supermassive; → black; → hole.

dualism
  دوگانه‌باوری، دوگانه‌گرایی، دوگانگی   
dogânebâvari, dogânegerâyi, dogânegi

Fr.: dualisme   

1) Philo.: The doctrine, as opposed to idealism and materialism, that reality consists of two basic types of substance usually taken to be mind and matter or two basic types of entity, mental and physical.
2) The state of being twofold or double. → dualism, → pluralism (Dictionary.com).

dual; → -ism.

duality
  دوگانگی   
dogânegi (#)

Fr.: dualité   

The quality or character of being twofold, as the → wave-particle duality.

M.E dualitie, from L.L. dualitas.

Dogânegi, from dogânag + -i.

Dubhe (α Ursae Majoris)
  دبه   
dobbé (#)

Fr.: Dubhé   

The second brightest star in the constellation → Ursa Major with a → visual magnitude of about 1.8. It lies at the front of the → Big Dipper's bowl and with → Merak (Beta UMa) makes the famous → Pointers. α Ursae Majoris is a → supergiant of type K0 IIIa and has a → companion.

From Ar. al-dubb (الدب) "bear," referring to the bear in Gk. mythology.

Dobbé from Ar., as above.

ductile
  رشایند   
rešâyand

Fr.: duvtile   

Describing a substance that exhibits → ductility.

M.E., from L. ductilis, from duct(us), p.p. of ducere "to draw along," → aonduct, + -ilis "-il," a suffix of adjectives.

Rešâyand, literally "capable of becoming string, thread," from reš, as in rešté "thread, line, rope, row," rešmé "string, rope, thread," variants rasan, ras, (Gilaki) viris, related to abrišam "silk;" from reštan, risidan "to spin;" Mid.Pers. rištag "rope, string, thread;" Av. uruuaēs- "to turn around," uruuaēsa- "vortex in water;" Proto-Iranian *uris- "to turn, spin;" cf. Skt. vréśī- "an appellation of waters;" Gk. rhiknos "crooked;" Lith. rišti "tie, bind;" O.H.G. rīho "knee-bend;" âyand agent noun form of âmadan "to come; to become," → elastic.

ductility
  رشایندی   
rešâyandi

Fr.: ductilité   

The property of a metal that allows it to be elongated into wire or threads without fracture. For example, → copper and → silver are highly ductile metals.

ductile; → -ity.

Dulong-Petit law
  قانون ِ دولون-پتی   
qânun-e Dulong-Petit

Fr.: loi de Dulong et Petit   

The product of the → specific heat and → atomic weight of most solid elements at room → temperature is nearly the same. In other words, specific heat is constant for a solid and independent of temperature. Experiment shows that at moderate temperatures this law is satisfied for → crystals with rather simple structure. However, the law fails for crystals with more complex structures. More specifically the law cannot explain the variation of specific heat with temperature. The specific heat drops to zero as the temperature approaches 0 K. This behavior is explained only with the quantum theory. → Debye model.

Named after Pierre L. Dulong (1785-1838) and Alexis T. Petit (1797-1820), French chemists, who proposed the law in 1819. They collaborated in several important investigations, including studies of thermal expansion of gases and of liquids and the specific heats of substances; → law.

Dumbbell Nebula (M27, NGC 6853)
  میغ ِ دمبل   
miq-e dambel

Fr.: Nébuleuse de l'Haltère   

One of the brightest planetary nebulae; it lies in the constellation → Vulpecula at a distance of about 1000 light-years. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1764.

Dumbbell "a short bar with weights at each end that is used for exercise," from dumb + bell. When viewed in a small telescope, the brighter portion of the nebula shows like a bipolar geometry, hence the name; → nebula.

Dambel loanword from dumbbell, as above; → nebula.

duodecennial
  دوازده‌سالی   
davâzdahsâli (#)

Fr.: duodécennal   

Consisting of twelve → years.

From L. duodecennium, from duodecim "tweleve," from duo, → two, + decem, → ten, + annus "year," → annual.

Davâzdahsâli, from davâzdah "twelve," from do, → two, + dah, → ten + sâl, → year.

duodecennial animal calendar
  گاهشمار ِ دوازده‌سالی ِ جانوری   
gâhšomâr-e davâzdahsâli-ye janevari (#)

Fr.: calendrier duodécennal   

A → lunisolar calendar in which the years are named after each of the following twelve animals: rat, ox, tiger, hare, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, cock, dog, pig. An animal presides over one year in the twelve-year cycle, which is then repeated. The calendar was/is mainly used by central Asian cultures (Khotanese, Sogdians, Buddhists, Kucheans, Mongols, and Chinese). It was also used in Iran after the Mongol invasion in the thirteenth century.

duodecennial; → animal; → calendar.

duplicate
  ۱) دوتاییدن، دوتا کردن؛ ۲) دوتاکرد   
1) dotâyidan, dotâ kardan; 2) dotâkard

Fr.: 1) faire un double de; 2) double, copie exacte   

1) To make an exact copy of.
2) A copy exactly like an original.

From L. duplicatus, p.p. of duplicare "to double," from duo, → two + plicare "to fold," → multiply.

Dotâyidan, "to double," infinitive from dotâyi, → double.

duplication
  دوتایش، دوتاکرد   
dotâyeš, dotâkard

Fr.: duplication   

An act or instance of duplicating; the state of being duplicated.

Verbal noun of → duplicate.

durability
  پایشمندی، پایندگی   
pâyešmandi, pâyandegi

Fr.: durabilité   

The ability to withstand damage or decay.

durable; → -ity.

durable
  پایشمند، پاینده   
pâyešmand, pâyande

Fr.: durable   

Capable of lasting, enduring; withstanding deterioration.

duration; → -able.

duration
  پایش   
pâyeš

Fr.: durée   

Continuance in time; a period of existence or persistence; length of time during which anything continues.

Noun of action from L. durare "to harden," → during.

Pâyeš, noun of action from pâyidan, → last (v.).

during
  ترپای   
tarpây

Fr.: durant   

In the course of, in the time of, throughout the continuance of.

M.E. Duryng, durand, pr.p. of duren "to last, endure, continue, be or exist," from O.Fr. durer, from L. durare "to harden," from durus "hard;" PIE root *deru- "be firm, solid, steadfast."

Tarpây, literally "lasting over time," from tar- "through, across, over time," variant tarâ-, → trans-, + pây present stem and agent noun of pâyidan, → last (v.).

dusk
  شامگاه   
šâmgâh (#)

Fr.: crépuscule   

The time of day immediately following → sunset which is partial darkness between day and night.

Back formation from M.E. dosk, duske "dusky," from O.E. dox "dark-haired, dark."

Šâmgâh, from šâm "evening, evening meal" + gâh "time." The first component, šâm, from Mid.Pers. šâm "evening meal, supper," from Av. xšāfnya- "evening meal," from Av. xšap-, xšapā-, xšapan-, xšafn- "night" (O.Pers. xšap- "night;" Mid.Pers. šap; Mod.Pers. šab "night"); cf. Skt. ksap- "nigh, darkness;" Hitt. ispant- "night." The second component gâh "time;" Mid.Pers. gâh, gâs "time;" O.Pers. gāθu-; Av. gātav-, gātu- "place, throne, spot;" cf. Skt. gâtu- "going, motion; free space for moving; place of abode;" PIE *gwem- "to go, come."

dust
  غبار، گرد   
qobâr(#), gard (#)

Fr.: poussière   

Tiny pieces of solid material, such as carbon and silicate grains, in the → interstellar medium that are about 0.1-1.0 micron in size. → Dust grains embedded in → molecular clouds may be significantly larger.

O.E. dust, akin to O.H.G. tunst "storm," from P.Gmc. *dunstaz, from PIE base dhem-/dhemə- "to smoke, to blow," cf. Skt. dhūmá "smoke," Mod.Pers. dam "smoke; to blow, breathe," Av. dāδmainya- "blowing up," Gk. thumiao "to fumigate, burn incense," thymos "spirit, mind, soul," L. fumus "smoke," Ossetic dymyn/dumun "to smoke, blow up," Lith. dumai "smoke."

Qobâr, from Ar.; gard "dust," Mid.Pers. gart, gard.


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<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>