An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
biologist
  زیست‌شناس   
zistšenâs (#)

Fr.: biologiste   

An expert or specialist in biology.

Biologist, from → biology + → -ist.

biology
  زیست‌شناسی   
zistženâsi (#)

Fr.: biologie   

The study of living organisms and their interactions with the non living world.

Biology, from → bio- + → -logy.

bioluminescence
  زیست-فروزستی   
zist-foruzesti

Fr.: bioluminescence   

The production and emission of light by a living organism as the result of a chemical reaction (→ chemiluminescence). In other words, bioluminescence is chemiluminescence from living organisms. It is widespread in the marine environment, but rare in terrestrial and especially freshwater environments.

chemi-; → luminescence.

biomarker
  زیست-داجگر   
zist-dâjgar

Fr.: biomarqueur   

A biologic feature that is measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention. For example, prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a biomarker for cancer of the prostate.

bio-; → marker.

biophysicist
  زیست‌فیزیکدان   
zistfizikdân (#)

Fr.: biophysicien   

A specialist in → biophysics.

bio-; → physicist.

biophysics
  زیست‌فیزیک   
zistfizik (#)

Fr.: biophysique   

The science that deals with biological structures and processes involving the application of physical principles and methods.

Biophysics, from → bio- + → physics.

Zistfizik, from zist-, → bio- + fizikphysics.

biosignature
  زیست-نشانزد   
zist-nešânzad

Fr.: biosignature   

A substance or phenomenon whose presence in an object such as a → meteorite or an → exoplanet indicates the existence of life.

bio-; → signature.

biosphere
  زیست‌سپهر   
zistsepehr (#)

Fr.: biosphère   

The part of a planet or moon within which life can occur. It may include the crust, oceans, and atmosphere.

Biosphere, from → bio- + → sphere.

Zistsepehr, from zizt-, → bio-, + sepehrsphere.

Biot-Savart law
  قانون ِ بی‌یو-ساوار   
qânun-e Biot-Savart (#)

Fr.: loi de Biot-Savart   

The → magnetic field due to → electric current flowing in a long straight conductor is directly proportional to the current and inversely proportional to the distance of the point of observation from the conductor. The law is derivable from → Ampere's law, but was obtained experimentally by the authors.

Named after the French physicists Jean-Baptiste Biot (1774-1862) and Félix Savart (1791-1841); → law.

biotic environment
  پرگیر ِ زیستیک   
pargir-e zistik

Fr.: environnement biotique   

Ecology: The environment consisting of living organisms, which interact with each other and with their non-living surroundings.

Biotic adj. of → biotics; of → environment.

biotics
  زیستیک   
zistik

Fr.: biotique   

The science concerned with the functions of life, or vital activity and force.

From biotic, from Gk. biotikos "of or pertaining to life," from → bio- + -tic a suffix equivalent in meaning to → -ic.

bipolar
  دوقطبی   
doqotbi (#)

Fr.: bipolaire   

Having two poles; having two opposite main structures or components.

Bipolar, from → bi- + → polar, from → pole.

Doqotbi, from do-, → bi-, + qotbi, → polar, from qotb, → pole.

bipolar flow
  تچان ِ دوقطبی   
tacân-e doqotbi

Fr.: flot bipolaire   

Same as → bipolar outflow.

bipolar; → flow.

bipolar jet
  شان ِ دوقطبی   
šân-e doqotbi

Fr.: jet bipolaire   

One of two beams of high-temperature, ionized gas ejected in two opposite directions associated with a → protostar. The collimated jets, a consequence of the → accretion process, can extend over distances of several → light-years.

bipolar; → jet.

bipolar nebula
  میغ ِ دوقطبی   
miq-e doqotbi

Fr.: nébuleuse bipolaire   

An interstellar cloud of ionized gas with two main lobes which lie symmetrically on either side of a central star. The bipolar shape is generally due to the ejection of material by the central star in opposing directions.

bipolar; → nebula.

bipolar outflow
  ا ُستچان ِ دوقطبی   
ostacân-e doqotbi

Fr.: flot bipolaire   

A flow of gaseous material in two opposite directions emanating from protostellar regions or from → evolved stars during the early post-→ AGB evolution. In protostellar regions → molecular outflows are pushed by → bipolar jets.

bipolar; → outflow.

Ostacân, → outflow; doqotbibipolar.

birefringence
  دوشکست   
došekast (#)

Fr.: biréfringence   

A property of some crystalline materials (e.g. calcite, quartz) which have different indices of refraction associated with different crystallographic directions. Therefore, the crystal splits incident transmitted light into two beams, each polarized perpendicularly to the other. Also called double refraction.

Birefringence, from → bi- + refringence, from L. refringere "to break up," from → re- "back" + combination form of frangere "to break."

Došekast, from do- "two," → bi- + šekast "breaking," from šekastan "to break up," Mid.Pers. škastan, Av. skand- "to break."

birefringent
  دوشکستگر، دوشکستی   
došekastgar, došekasti (#)

Fr.: biréfringent   

Of or relating to → birefringence.

birefringent filter
  پالایه‌ی ِ دوشکستی، ~ دوشکستگر   
pâlâye-ye došekastgar, ~ došekasti

Fr.: filtre biréfringent   

A type of narrow-band filter that uses the birefringence to produce selective absorption of polarized light.

birefringent; → filter.

birefringent vacuum
  خلأ ِ دوشکستگر   
xala'-e došekastgar

Fr.: vide biréfringent   

Empty space undergoing → vacuum birefringence.

birefringent; → vacuum.


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