<< < -es -iv -ti 21 a p abe abs abs aca acc acc acr act ada adh Adr aer AGB air Alf Alg all alp alt AM amo ana And ang ani ano Ant Ant apa apo app app Ara Arc ari Arr ash ass ast ast asy atm ato att aut ave axi Bab bal Bal bar bar bea Bek Bes bia Big bin bin bip biv bla bli blu Boh Bol Bos bou bra bri bro buo cal cal can cap car Car cat cat CCD Cen cen CH cha cha che Che chr cir cir cit cla clo clo clu Coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con Cop Cor cor cor cos cos cou cou Cow cre cri cro cry cur cya Cyg dan dar dat de- deb dec dec ded def deg del dem den dep des det dev dia dif dif dih dio Dir dis dis dis dis dis dis DO don dou dow dro dur dwa dyn Dys ear ebb ecl edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ esc eth Eur Eve exa exc exe exi exp exp ext ext ext fac fal far fed Fer fer fie fin fir fis fla flo flu fol for for fou fra fre Fre fro fut G-t gal gal gam gas Gau Gem gen geo geo geo gia Gli Gol gra gra gra gra gre gri gui H I Hag hal har hat He- hea hel Hel her Hes hie hig his hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyg hyp ice ide ima Ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv Io ion iro isl iso iso Jac jet jud jur Kel Kep kil Klo Kui Lag lam Lap Lar lat law lea len lep Lib lig lim lin lin Lio lit loc LOF lon Lor low lum lun Lup Lyo mac mag mag mag mag mag mai man Mar mas mas mat Max mea mec Meg Mer Mer met met Met mic Mid Mil min Mir mit mod mod mol mon Mor mou mul mul mys nan Nat nau nec neo neu nev New NGC no nom non non nor not nuc nuc num nut obj obs obs occ ocu oft ome Oor ope opp opt opt orb ord ori ort osc out ove oxi pai pan par par par par pas pea pen per per per per Per per pha phi pho pho pho phy pio Pla pla pla pla Pla plu Poi pol pol pol poo pos pos pot pra pre pre pre pre pri pri pro pro pro pro pro Pro pro pse pul pur qua qua qua qua que rac rad rad rad rad rad rad ran rar ray rea rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot Rus Sac sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec Sed sel Sel sen ser Sex Sha she sho sid sig sil sim sin siz sla Sma sno sof sol sol sol sol sou sou spa spa spe spe spe sph spi spi spr squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sto Str str str sub sub suc sun sup sup sup sup sur swa syn syn tab tar tek tem ter tes the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tis Too Tor tra tra Tra tra tra tri tri tru Tul tur two Typ ult un- und uni uni unk upp Urc utt val var vec vel ver vib vio vir vis voi vor wan wat wav wax wea Wei whi Wil win WN9 wor X-r yel you zer zod > >>
entitled bâ sarâl-e, sarâlidé Fr.: intitulé Having the title. Past participle of → entitle. |
entity hastâr (#) Fr.: entité 1) A real thing. From L.L. entitatem, from L.L. ens (genitive entis) "being, thing," from esse "to be," cognate with Pers. hast, ast, as below. Hastâr, from hast (noun), as in hast-o-nist, or contraction of hasti "existence," from hastan "to be" (variant astan, ast "is;" Mid.Pers. (h)ast "is," (h)astih "existence;" O.Pers. ah- "to be," astiy "is;" Av. ah- "to be" (ahmī, ahī, astī); cf. Skt. as- "to be," ásti "is;" Gk. esti "is;" L. est "is;" Russ. yest "is;" Goth. ist; E. is), + suffix -âr (as in padidâr). Alternatively, from hast (noun), as above, + -âr contraction of -dâr (as in dustâr) present stem of dâštan "to have, to possess" (Mid.Pers. dâštan, O.Pers./Av. root dar- "to hold, keep back, maintain, keep in mind," Skt. dhr-, dharma- "law," Gk. thronos "elevated seat, throne," L. firmus "firm, stable," Lith. daryti "to make," PIE *dher- "to hold, support"). |
entrance 1, 2) darâyeš; 2) darâygâh Fr.: entrée 1) An act of entering, as into a place or upon new duties. M.E. entraunce, from M.Fr. entrance, from → enter + → -ance. Darâyeš, verbal noun of darâmadan, darâyidan, → enter; darâygâh with space suffix -gâh. |
entrance pupil mardomak-e darâyeš Fr.: pupille d'entrée In an → optical system, the image of the → aperture stop formed in → object space. See also → exit pupil. |
entrance slit šekâf-e darâyeš Fr.: fente d'entrée A thin slit in an opaque screen by which light enters a spectrograph. |
entropy dargâšt (#) Fr.: entropie 1) A measure of the energy that is not available for work during a
→ thermodynamic process.
It is defined by dS = dQ/T, where dS is the differential change in
entropy, dQ is the differential amount of heat introduced to the system in
a → reversible process, and T the
→ absolute temperature of the system.
Entropy remains constant during → reversible processes
and increases during → irreversible processes without ever
decreasing. According to the → second law of thermodynamics, an
→ isolated system evolves toward a state of maximum entropy.
See also → Maxwell's demon. From Ger. Entropie, coined 1865 by physicist Rudolf Clausius (1822-1888) from Gk. entropia "a turning toward," from en- "in" + trope "a turning, change," related to tropos "a turn, way, manner," from tropein "to turn," from PIE base *trep- "to turn" (cf. L. trepit "he turns"). Dargâšt, from dar "in" + gâšt present stem of gâštan "to cause to revolve, to turn," transitive of gaštan, variant gardidan "to turn, to change" (Mid.Pers. vartitan; Av. varət- "to turn, revolve;" cf. Skt. vartati; L. vertere; O.H.G. werden "to become;" PIE base *wer- "to turn, bend"). |
entry darâyé (#) Fr.: entrée 1) An act of entering; → entrance. M.E. entre(e), from O.Fr. entree, from L. intrata, p.p. of intrare "to → enter." Darâyé, noun from darây present stem of darâmadan, darâyidan, → enter, + -é noun suffix. |
envelope pušé (#) Fr.: enveloppe A shell of dust or gas expanding out from an astronomical object such as a star or a comet's nucleus. From Fr. enveloppe, from O.Fr. envoloper "to envelop," from en- "in" + voloper "wrap up," of obscure origin, perhaps related to M.L. aluppa "a very thin piece or slice of wood" and influenced by L. volvere "to roll." Pušé, noun from pušidan "to cover; to put on;" Mid.Pers. pôšidan, pôš- "to cover; to wear;" cf. Mid.Pers. pôst; Mod.Pers. pust "skin, hide;" O.Pers. pavastā- "thin clay envelope used to protect unbaked clay tablets;" Skt. pavásta- "cover," Proto-Indo-Iranian *pauastā- "cloth." |
environment 1, 2, 3) pargir (#); 3) zistbum Fr.: environnement 1) An aggregate of surrounding → circumstances,
→ conditions, or → influences
in which a thing is situated or is developed. From environ + -ment; the first component from Fr. environs, plural of O.Fr. environ "compass, circuit," from environ (adv.) "around," from en- "in" + viron "circle, circuit," from virer "to turn." Pargir, from par- "around, surrounding," variant pirâ-→ circum- + gir agent noun and
present stem of gereftan "to take, seize; to make prisoner; to intercept"
(Mid.Pers. griftan; Av./O.Pers. grab- "to take, seize;" cf.
Skt. grah-, grabh- "to seize, take," graha
"seizing, holding, perceiving;" M.L.G. grabben "to grab,"
from P.Gmc. *grab; E. grab "to take or grasp suddenly;"
PIE base *ghrebh- "to seize"). |
epact barafzâ Fr.: épacte 1) The time that must be added to the lunar year (12 lunations) to make it coincide
with the solar year (about 11 days). From Fr. épacte, from L. epacta, from Gk. epaktos, verbal adj. of epagein "to intercalate, add, bring forward," from epi "on" + ag-, from agein "to bring, to lead;" cf. L. agere "to drive, set in motion," → act. Barafzâ, from bar- "on, upon, up" (Mid.Pers. abar; O.Pers. upariy "above; over, upon, according to;" Av. upairi "above, over," upairi.zəma- "located above the earth;" cf. Gk. hyper- "over, above;" L. super-; O.H.G. ubir "over;" PIE base *uper "over") + afzâ, afzudan "to add, increase" (Mid.Pers. abzudan "to increase, grow;" O.Pers. abijav- "to increase, add to, promote," from abi-, aiby- "in addition to; to; against" + root jav- "to press forward;" Av. gav- "to hasten, drive;" Sk. jav- "to press forward, impel quickly, excite," javate "hastens"). |
epagomena andargâh (#), tarufté (#), dozdidé (#) Fr.: épagomène In Old Iranian and Egyptian calendars and much later in the → French Republican Calendar, one of five (or six) days placed between the 30th of the last month and the first day of the new year to result in a fixed year of 365 (366) days every year; plural epagomenae. Same as → epagomenal day. See also → sansculottide. From Gk. epagomenos "added," from epagein "to add, to intercalate," from → epi- "on" + agein "to bring, to lead," → act. Andargâh "intercalary," literally "time between," from andar "between, among,"
→ inter-, + gâh "time;" Mid.Pers. gâh;
O.Pers. gāθu-; Av. gātav-, gātu- "place, throne, spot"
(Skt. gátu- "going, motion; free space for moving; place of abode;"
PIE *gwem- "to go, come"). |
epagomenal day ruz-e andargâh (#), ~ tarufté (#), ~ dozidé (#) Fr.: jour épagomène Same as → epagomena. |
ephemeris ruzij Fr.: éphéméride A table of computed positions occupied by a celestial body over successive intervals of time such as daily; plural ephemerides. From L. ephemeris "day book, diary," from Gk. ephemeris "diary, account book," from ephemeros "short-lived, lasting but a day," from → epi "on, upon" + hemerai, dative of hemera "day." Ruzij, from ruz, → day + zij "astronomical table," from Mid.Pers. zig "astronomical table," originally "string," since the lines of a table were compared to strings used on a weaver's instrument, variant zih, meaning "cord, string" (Modern Persian zeh "cord, string"); Av. jiiā- "bow-string;" cf. Skt. jiyā- "bow-string;" PIE base *gwhi- "thread, tendon" (from which derive also Gk. bios "bow;" L. filum "thread;" Russ. žca "thread"). |
ephemeris day ruz-e ruziji Fr.: jour des éphémérides 86,400 → ephemeris seconds. |
ephemeris meridian nimruzân-e ruziji Fr.: méridien des éphémérides A fictitious meridian that rotates independently of the Earth at the uniform rate implicitly defined by → Terrestrial Dynamical Time (TDT). |
ephemeris second sâniye-ye ruziji Fr.: seconde des éphémérides The length of a tropical second (1/31,556,925.97474 of the tropical year) on 1900 January 0.5 → ephemeris time. |
ephemeris time (ET) zamân-e ruziji Fr.: Temps des éphémérides The uniform time-scale used as the independent variable
to calculate the orbits in the solar system prior to 1984. Ephemeris Time was adopted in
1960 to deal with irregularities in the → Earth's rotation
that had been found to affect the
course of mean solar time. The definition of Ephemeris Time is based on Newcomb's analytical
theory of the Earth's motion around the Sun (Newcomb 1898), according to which the geometric
mean longitude of the Sun with respect to the Earth-Moon barycenter is expressed by: |
ephemeris transit gozar-e ruziji Fr.: transit au méridien des éphémérides The passage of a celestial body or point across the → ephemeris meridian. |
epi- api- Fr.: épi- Prefix meaning "upon, at, close upon (in space or time), on the occasion of, in addition." Gk. epi- "upon, at, close upon (in space or time), on the occasion of, in addition," cognate with O.Pers./Av. apiy-, aipi- "upon, toward, along; also; however;" Skt. api "also, besides." Prefix api-, from O.Pers./Av. apiy-, aipi-, as above. |
epicycle 1) falak-e tadvir (#); 2) apicarxé Fr.: épicycle 1) In → Ptolemaic system, a circular
→ orbit of a body around a point that itself
orbits circularly another point. Such a system was formulated to explain some
→ planetary
orbits in terms of → circular
motions in a → geocentric
cosmology. 1) Falak-e tadvir, from Ar. falak al-tadwir, from falak
"sphere" + tadwir "causing to turn in a circle." |
<< < -es -iv -ti 21 a p abe abs abs aca acc acc acr act ada adh Adr aer AGB air Alf Alg all alp alt AM amo ana And ang ani ano Ant Ant apa apo app app Ara Arc ari Arr ash ass ast ast asy atm ato att aut ave axi Bab bal Bal bar bar bea Bek Bes bia Big bin bin bip biv bla bli blu Boh Bol Bos bou bra bri bro buo cal cal can cap car Car cat cat CCD Cen cen CH cha cha che Che chr cir cir cit cla clo clo clu Coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con Cop Cor cor cor cos cos cou cou Cow cre cri cro cry cur cya Cyg dan dar dat de- deb dec dec ded def deg del dem den dep des det dev dia dif dif dih dio Dir dis dis dis dis dis dis DO don dou dow dro dur dwa dyn Dys ear ebb ecl edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ esc eth Eur Eve exa exc exe exi exp exp ext ext ext fac fal far fed Fer fer fie fin fir fis fla flo flu fol for for fou fra fre Fre fro fut G-t gal gal gam gas Gau Gem gen geo geo geo gia Gli Gol gra gra gra gra gre gri gui H I Hag hal har hat He- hea hel Hel her Hes hie hig his hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyg hyp ice ide ima Ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv Io ion iro isl iso iso Jac jet jud jur Kel Kep kil Klo Kui Lag lam Lap Lar lat law lea len lep Lib lig lim lin lin Lio lit loc LOF lon Lor low lum lun Lup Lyo mac mag mag mag mag mag mai man Mar mas mas mat Max mea mec Meg Mer Mer met met Met mic Mid Mil min Mir mit mod mod mol mon Mor mou mul mul mys nan Nat nau nec neo neu nev New NGC no nom non non nor not nuc nuc num nut obj obs obs occ ocu oft ome Oor ope opp opt opt orb ord ori ort osc out ove oxi pai pan par par par par pas pea pen per per per per Per per pha phi pho pho pho phy pio Pla pla pla pla Pla plu Poi pol pol pol poo pos pos pot pra pre pre pre pre pri pri pro pro pro pro pro Pro pro pse pul pur qua qua qua qua que rac rad rad rad rad rad rad ran rar ray rea rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot Rus Sac sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec Sed sel Sel sen ser Sex Sha she sho sid sig sil sim sin siz sla Sma sno sof sol sol sol sol sou sou spa spa spe spe spe sph spi spi spr squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sto Str str str sub sub suc sun sup sup sup sup sur swa syn syn tab tar tek tem ter tes the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tis Too Tor tra tra Tra tra tra tri tri tru Tul tur two Typ ult un- und uni uni unk upp Urc utt val var vec vel ver vib vio vir vis voi vor wan wat wav wax wea Wei whi Wil win WN9 wor X-r yel you zer zod > >>