An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
measure
  ۱) اندازه؛ ۲) اندازه گرفتن   
1) (n.) andâzé (#); 2) (v.) andâzé gereftan (#)

Fr.: 1) mesure; 2) mesurer   

1) A unit or standard of → measurement; the act or process of ascertaining the extent, dimensions, or quantity of something; measurement; the quantity obtained by such a process.
2) To use standard units to determine the magnitude, extent, size, etc. of something. The quantity obtained by such a process.

From O.Fr. mesurer, from L.L. mensurare "to measure," from L. mensura "a measuring, a thing to measure by," from mensus, p.p. of metiri "to measure," → meter.

1) Andâzé "measure," from Mid.Pers. andâzag, handâcak "measure," handâxtan, handâz- "to measure," Manichean Mid.Pers. hnds- "to measure," Proto-Iranian *hamdas-, from ham-, → com-, + *das- "to heap, amass;" cf. Ossetic dasun/dast "to heap up;" Arm. loanword dasel "to arrange (a crowd, people)," das "order, arrangement."
2) Andâzé gereftan, compound verb, literally "to take measure," from andâzé, as above, + gereftan "to take, seize" (Mid.Pers. griftan; Av./O.Pers. grab- "to take, seize;" cf. Skt. grah-, grabh- "to seize, take," graha "seizing, holding, perceiving;" M.L.G. grabben "to grab;" from P.Gmc. *grab; E. grab "to take or grasp suddenly;" PIE base *ghrebh- "to seize").

measurement
  اندازه‌گیری   
andâzegiri (#)

Fr.: mesure   

1) The act of measuring; a measured quantity.
2) The determination of the magnitude or amount of a quantity by comparison (direct or indirect) with the prototype standards of the system of units employed (IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms). → absolute measurement, → measurement uncertainty, → Roemer's measurement.

Verbal noun of → measure.

measurement uncertainty
  ناتاشتیگی ِ اندازه‌گیری   
nâtâštigi-ye andâzegiri

Fr.: incertitude de mesure   

The interval within which lies the actually measured value of a physical quantity and the true value of the same physical quantity.

measurement; uncertainty, from negation prefix un- + → certainty.

mechanic
  ساز-و-کارمند، ساز-و-کارگر   
sâzokârmand, sâzokârgar

Fr.: mécanicien   

A person who repairs and maintains machinery, motors, etc. (Dictionary.com). Same as → mechanician.

mechanics.

mechanical
  ساز-و-کاریک، ساز-و-کاروار   
sâzokârik, sâzokârvâr

Fr.: mécanique   

1) Of, connected with, produced by → mechanics.
2) Like machines; automatic.

mechanic; → -al.

mechanical energy
  کاروژ ِ مکانیکی   
kâruž-e mekâniki

Fr.: énergie mécanique   

The energy that is possessed by an object due to its motion or due to its position. It is equal to the sum of the → kinetic energy and → potential energy.

mechanical; → energy.

mechanical equilibrium
  ترازمندی ِ مکانیکی   
tarâzmandi-ye mekâniki

Fr.: équilibre mécanique   

1) The state of a → rigid body if, as viewed from an → inertial frame of rest: 1) the → linear acceleration of its → center of mass is zero, and 2) its → angular acceleration about any axis fixed in this reference frame is zero. The center of mass may be moving with constant velocity and the body may be rotating about a fixed axis with constant angular velocity.
2) In → thermodynamics, the state of a system in which → pressure is the same every where with no other forces acting on the system except a uniform external pressure.

mechanical; → equilibrium.

mechanical equivalent of heat
  هم‌ارز ِ مکانیکی ِ گرما   
ham-arz-e mekâniki-ye garmâ (#)

Fr.: équivalent mécanique de chaleur   

Same as → Joule's constant.

mechanical; → equivalent; → heat.

mechanical mixing
  آمیزش ِ مکانیکی   
âmizeš-e mekâniki

Fr.: mélange mécanique   

Any → mixing process that utilizes the → kinetic energy of relative → fluid motion.

mechanical; → mixing.

mechanical power
  توان ِ مکانیکی   
tavân-e mekâniki (#)

Fr.: puissance mécanique   

The → rate at which → work is done by a → force. In other words, → mechanical energy per unit time. Mechanical power is expressed in units of joules/sec (joules/s) or a watt (W) in the → mks system.

mechanical; → power.

mechanical system
  راژمان ِ مکانیکی   
râžmân-e mekâniki

Fr.: système mécanique   

1) Any system of elements that interact according to the laws of → mechanics (as distinguished from chemical, electrical, thermal, etc.).
2) A collection of → machines functioning together to achieve the transfer of motion.

mechanical; → system.

mechanical wind
  باد ِ مکانیکی   
bâd-e mekâniki

Fr.: vent mécanique   

A process in which matter is shed into a → Keplerian disk from a star rotating at the → critical velocity. The disk is probably destroyed by the pressure exerted by the stellar radiation and finally matter is lost. Such a process seems to occur around → Be stars which are stars rotating at or very near the critical limit (Meynet et al. 2007, arXiv:0709.2275).

mechanical; → wind.

mechanically
  ساز-و-کاریکانه، ساز-و-کاروارانه   
sâzokârikâné, sâzokârvârâné

Fr.: mécaniquement   

1) In a mechanical manner; by a mechanism.
2) In a machine-like manner; without feeling.

mechanical; → -ly.

mechanician
  ساز--و-کارمند، ساز-و-کار-گر   
sâzokârmand, sâzokârgar

Fr.: mécanicien   

A person skilled in constructing, working, or repairing machines; mechanic; machinist (Dictionary.com).

From → mechanic + -ian.

mechanics
  مکانیک، ساز-و-کاریک   
mekânik (#), sâzokârik

Fr.: mécanique   

A branch of → physics that deals with motion and the → action of → forces on bodies. Mechanics may be divided into three areas, → kinematics, → dynamics, and → statics.

From mechanic, from L. mechanicus, from Gk. mekhanikos "an engineer," also "inventive," literally "pertaining to machines" (adj.), from mekhane, → machine, + → -ics.

Mekânik, loan from Fr. Sâzokârik, from sokâr, → mechanism, + -ik, → -ic.

mechanism
  ساز-و-کار   
sâzokâr (#)

Fr.: mécanisme   

1) The structure or arrangement of parts of a machine or similar device, or of anything analogous.
2) The agency or means by which an effect is produced or a purpose is accomplished.

From Mod.L. mechanismus, from Gk. mekhane, → machine.

Sâzokâr, literally "making and working," from sâz "apparatus; (musical) instrument," from sâzidan, sâxtan "to build, make, fashion; to adapt, adjust, be fit" (from Mid.Pers. sâxtan, sâz-, Manichean Parthian s'c'dn "to prepare, to form;" Av. sak- "to understand, to mark," sâcaya- (causative) "to teach") + kâr "work," from kardan "to do, to make" (Mid.Pers. kardan; O.Pers./Av. kar- "to do, make, build;" Av. kərənaoiti "he makes;" cf. Skt. kr- "to do, to make," krnoti "he makes, he does," karoti "he makes, he does," karma "act, deed;" PIE base kwer- "to do, to make").

median
  میانه   
miyâné (#)

Fr.: médiane   

Statistics: The middle value in a sample sorted into ascending order. If the sample contains an even number of values, the median is defined as the mean of the middle two.
Geometry: The line from a vertex of a triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side.

From M.Fr. médian, from L. medianus "of the middle," from medius "middle;" akin to Pers. middle, → medium, → meddle; from PIE *medhyo-, from base *me- "between;" → medium.

Miyâné from miyân, → middle, + nuance suffix.

medicine
  پزشکی   
pezeški (#)

Fr.: médecine   

The art or science of restoring or preserving health or due physical condition, as by means of drugs, surgical operations or appliances, or manipulations (Dictionary.com).

M.E. medicin, from O.Fr. medecine "art of healing, cure," from L. medicina "the healing art; a remedy," feminine of medicinus (adj.) "of a doctor," from medicus "a physician;" PIE root *med- "to measure, limit, consider, advise," → dimension; cf. Av. vi-mad- "physician;" Gk. medein "to rule;" L. meditari "think or reflect on, consider," → meditation; Ir. miduir "judge;" O.E. metan "to measure out."

Pezeški, from pezešk "physician," from Mid.Pers. bizešk "physician," bêšâz "medicinal;" Av. bišaz- "to cure, heal;" cf. Skt. bhisaj- "healer, physician."

meditate
  سگالیدن   
segâlidan (#)

Fr.: méditer   

To engage in thought or contemplation; reflect. → consider.

Back formation from → meditation.

Segâlidan "to meditate, consider, think," from Mid.Pers. uskaridan "to think, consider, discuss," from us-, → ex-, + kar- "to observe, to consider;" related to engâridan, negaristan, âgâridan, → consider.

meditation
  سگالش   
segâleš (#)

Fr.: méditation   

The act of meditating. → consideration.

From L. meditatatus p.p. of meditari "to think over, reflect, consider," from PIE root *med- "to measure, limit, consider, advise," → mode.

Verbal noun of → meditate.


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