An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
viscosimeter
  وشک‌سنج   
vošksanj

Fr.: viscosimètre   

Same as → viscometer.

viscosity; → -meter.

viscosity
  وشکسانی   
vošksâni (#)

Fr.: viscosité   

The property of a → fluid that resists the force tending to cause the fluid to flow. Viscosity may be thought of as the internal → friction of two fluid layers which flow parallel to each other at different speeds. The cause of viscosity is the transport of → momentum by the molecules from one layer to the other. Viscosity is given by η = φ.u.λ.ρ, where φ is a coefficient which depends on the nature of the interaction between the molecules, u is the average velocity of thermal motion of the molecules, λ is the → mean free path, and ρ the → density of the fluid. Also called → dynamic viscosity or → absolute viscosity. See also → kinematic viscosity.

Noun from → viscous; → -ity.

viscous
  وشکسان   
vošksân (#)

Fr.: visqueux   

Having the property of → viscosity. See also: → viscous dissipation, → viscous decretion disk, → viscous fluid, → viscous force, → nonviscous.

M.E., from M.Fr. viscous, from L. viscosus "sticky," from viscum "anything sticky; mistletoe."

From vošk "a kind of sticky gum" + -sân suffix of similarity, from sân "way, manner."

viscous decretion disk (VDD)
  گرده‌ی ِ وابال ِ وشکسان   
gerde-ye vâbâl-e vošksân

Fr.: disque de décrétion visqueux   

A model for explaining several observational features of → circumstellar disks around → Be stars. According to this model, the central star provides → angular momentum to the disk at the innermost radius, and then it is redistributed over the whole disk via → viscosity. Thus, in isolated Be stars, the equatorial disk can spread out to a large distance as long as the star can give angular momentum to the disk. The VDD model, first introduced by Lee et al. (1991, MNRAS, 250, 432) and further developed by several other researchers, is now widely accepted as the best physical model for describing the circumstellar disks of Be stars. Among the growing evidence supporting the VDD model is the confirmation that the disks rotate in a Keplerian way (→ Keplerian orbit), allowing for the identification of viscosity as the mechanism that makes the disk grow (see, e.g., Klement et al., 2015, A&A 584, A85).

viscous; → decretion; → disk.

viscous dissipation
  افتال ِ وشکسان   
eftâl-e vošksân

Fr.: dissipation visqueuse   

A degradation of → mechanical energy that is irreversibly converted to → thermal energy due to → viscous forces in the → fluid. Viscous dissipation occurs in → turbulent flows.

viscous; → dissipation.

viscous fluid
  شاره‌ی ِ وشکسان   
šârre-ye vošksân (#)

Fr.: fluide visqueux   

A fluid whose viscosity is sufficiently large to make the viscous forces a significant part of the total force field in the fluid.

viscous; → fluid.

viscous force
  نیروی ِ وشکسان   
niru-ye vošksân

Fr.: force visqueuse   

The force per unit volume or per unit mass arising from the action of tangential stresses in a moving → viscous fluid.

viscous; → force.

visibility
  دیاری، پدیداری   
diyâri, padidâri (#)

Fr.: visibilité   

1) General: The state or fact of being visible. → crescent Moon visibility, → Venus visibility.
2) Optics: → fringe visibility. See also: → visibility function, → visibility plane.
3) Meteo.: A measure of transparency of the atmosphere. The maximum horizontal distance at which objects can be identified. → turbidity.

visible + → -ity.

visibility function
  کریای ِ دیاری، ~ پدیداری   
karyâ-ye diyâri, ~ padidâri

Fr.: fonction de visibilité   

The → Fourier transform of a source's → brightness distribution, weighted by the characteristics of the → interferometer's antennas.

visibility; → function.

visibility plane
  هامن ِ دیاری، ~ پدیداری   
hâmon-e diyâri, ~ padidâri

Fr.: plan de visibilité   

In → interferometry, the projection of a → baseline onto the plane normal to the source direction defining a vector in (u,v) space, measured in wavelength units.

visibility; → plane.

visible
  دیار، پدیدار، پیدا   
diyâr (#), padidâr (#), peydâ (#)

Fr.: visible   

1) Capable of being seen by, or perceptible to, the human eye.
2) → visible light.

M.E., from O.Fr. visible, from L. visibilis "that may be seen," from visus, p.p. of videre "to see;" cognate with Pers. bin, present stem of didan "to see" (Mid.Pers. wyn-; O.Pers. vain- "to see;" Av. vaēn- "to see;" cf. Skt. veda "I know;" Gk. oida "I know," idein "to see;" PIE base *weid- "to know, to see").

Diyâr "visible" in several dialects, e.g. štiyâni, Malâyeri, Širâzi, Tabari, related to didan "to see;" Mid.Pers. ditan "to see, regard, catch sight of, contemplate, experience;" O.Pers. dī- "to see;" Av. dā(y)- "to see," didāti "sees;" cf. Skt. dhī- "to perceive, think, ponder; thought, reflection, meditation," dādhye; Gk. dedorka "have seen."
Padidâr (→ phenomenon) and peydâ are both also related to dā(y)- (with prefixes).

visible horizon
  افق ِ پدیدار، ~ دیار   
ofoq-e padidâr, ~ diyâr

Fr.: horizon apparent   

That line where Earth and sky appear to meet, and the projection of this line upon the celestial sphere. Also known as the apparent horizon.

visible; → horizon.

visible light
  نور ِ دیار، ~ دیدنی   
nur-e diyâr, ~ didani

Fr.: lumière visible   

The portion of the → electromagnetic radiation that can be seen by the human → eye. The → wavelengths extend from about 400 nm (violet) to 750 nm (red). The wavelengths of various colors of the visible spectrum are as follows: → violet: 390-455 nm; → blue: 455-492 nm; → green: 492-577; → yellow: 577-597; → orange: 597-622; → red: 622-780 nm.

visible; → light.

visible spectrum
  بیناب ِ دیار، ~ دیدنی   
binâb-e diyâr, ~ didani

Fr.: spectre visible   

The portion of → electromagnetic spectrum corresponding to → visible light.

visible; → spectrum.

vision
  نگاه، دید   
negâh, did

Fr.: vision   

The act or power of sensing with the eyes. → averted vision; → acuity of vision.

M.E., from O.Fr. vision, from L. visionem (nominative visio) "act of seeing, sight, thing seen," from p.p. stem of videre "to see," cognate with Pers. bin, present stem of didan "to see" (Mid.Pers. wyn-; O.Pers. vain- "to see;" Av. vaēn- "to see;" cf. Skt. veda "I know;" Gk. oida "I know," idein "to see;" PIE base *weid- "to know, to see").

Negâh, "look," from Mid.Pers. nikâh "look, glance, observation;" Proto-Iranian *ni-kas- "to look down," from ni- "down, below," → ni- (PIE), + *kas- "to look, appear;" cf. Av. nikā-, nikāta- (in the name of the 15-th nask) "that which is observed," ākas- "to look;" Mid.Pers. âkâh, Mod.Pers. âgâh "aware, knowing;" Skt. kāś- "to become visible, appear;" Ossetic kast/kaesyn "to look;" did, from didan "to see" (Mid.Pers. ditan "to see, regard, catch sight of, contemplate, experience;" O.Pers. dī- "to see;" Av. dā(y)- "to see," didāti "sees;" cf. Skt. dhī- "to perceive, think, ponder; thought, reflection, meditation," dādhye; Gk. dedorka "have seen").

visual
  دیدی، دیدگانی، دیداری   
didi (#), didgâni (#), didâri (#)

Fr.: visuel   

1) Of or pertaining to seeing or sight.
2) → optical.

M.E., from L.L. visualis "of sight," from L. visus "sight," from visus, .pp. of videre "to see;" cognate with Pers. bin, present stem of didan "to see" (Mid.Pers. wyn-; O.Pers. vain- "to see;" Av. vaēn- "to see;" cf. Skt. veda "I know;" Gk. oida "I know," idein "to see;" PIE base *weid- "to know, to see").

Didi, of or pertaining to did, from didan "to see" (Mid.Pers. ditan "to see, regard, catch sight of, contemplate, experience;" O.Pers. dī- "to see;" Av. dā(y)- "to see," didāti "sees;" cf. Skt. dhī- "to perceive, think, ponder; thought, reflection, meditation," dādhye; Gk. dedorka "have seen"); didgâni, adj. of didgân, plural of didé, did "sight, eye; seen;" didâri, from didâr, from didan.

visual acuity
  تیزنایی ِ دید   
tiznâyi-ye did

Fr.: acuité visuelle   

Same as → acuity of vision.

visual; → acuity.

visual binary
  درین ِ دیدگانی   
dorin-e didgâni

Fr.: binaire visuelle   

A → binary system of stars whose components can be resolved telescopically and which have detectable orbital motion.

visual; → binary.

visual extinction
  خاموشی ِ دیدگانی   
xâmuši-ye didgâni

Fr.: extinction visuelle   

The → extinction in the visual range of the electromagnetic radiation.

visual; → extinction

visual magnitude
  برز ِ دیدگانی   
borz-e didgâni

Fr.: magnitude visuelle   

The → apparent magnitude of a celestial body in the color sensitivity region of the human eye at a wavelength of 5600 Å. Visual magnitude is now essentially synonymous with V magnitude, which is determined photometrically.

visual; → magnitude.


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<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>