<< < -es -iv -ti 21 a p abe abs abs aca acc acc acr act ada adh Adr aer AGB air Alf Alg all alp alt AM amo ana And ang ani ano Ant Ant apa apo app app Ara Arc ari Arr ash ass ast ast asy atm ato att aut ave axi Bab bal Bal bar bar bea Bek Bes bia Big bin bin bip biv bla bli blu Boh Bol Bos bou bra bri bro buo cal cal can cap car Car cat cat CCD Cen cen CH cha cha che Che chr cir cir cit cla clo clo clu Coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con Cop Cor cor cor cos cos cou cou Cow cre cri cro cry cur cya Cyg dan dar dat de- deb dec dec ded def deg del dem den dep des det dev dia dif dif dih dio Dir dis dis dis dis dis dis DO don dou dow dro dur dwa dyn Dys ear ebb ecl edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ esc eth Eur Eve exa exc exe exi exp exp ext ext ext fac fal far fed Fer fer fie fin fir fis fla flo flu fol for for fou fra fre Fre fro fut G-t gal gal gam gas Gau Gem gen geo geo geo gia Gli Gol gra gra gra gra gre gri gui H I Hag hal har hat He- hea hel Hel her Hes hie hig his hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyg hyp ice ide ima Ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv Io ion iro isl iso iso Jac jet jud jur Kel Kep kil Klo Kui Lag lam Lap Lar lat law lea len lep Lib lig lim lin lin Lio lit loc LOF lon Lor low lum lun Lup Lyo mac mag mag mag mag mag mai man Mar mas mas mat Max mea mec Meg Mer Mer met met Met mic Mid Mil min Mir mit mod mod mol mon Mor mou mul mul mys nan Nat nau nec neo neu nev New NGC no nom non non nor not nuc nuc num nut obj obs obs occ ocu oft ome Oor ope opp opt opt orb ord ori ort osc out ove oxi pai pan par par par par pas pea pen per per per per Per per pha phi pho pho pho phy pio Pla pla pla pla Pla plu Poi pol pol pol poo pos pos pot pra pre pre pre pre pri pri pro pro pro pro pro Pro pro pse pul pur qua qua qua qua que rac rad rad rad rad rad rad ran rar ray rea rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot Rus Sac sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec Sed sel Sel sen ser Sex Sha she sho sid sig sil sim sin siz sla Sma sno sof sol sol sol sol sou sou spa spa spe spe spe sph spi spi spr squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sto Str str str sub sub suc sun sup sup sup sup sur swa syn syn tab tar tek tem ter tes the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tis Too Tor tra tra Tra tra tra tri tri tru Tul tur two Typ ult un- und uni uni unk upp Urc utt val var vec vel ver vib vio vir vis voi vor wan wat wav wax wea Wei whi Wil win WN9 wor X-r yel you zer zod > >>
escape 1) gorixtan, 2) goriz (#) Fr.: 1) échapper, s'échapper; 2) échapement 1) To get away; to get free of. From M.E. escapen; O.Fr. eschaper, from V.L. *excappare, literally "to get out of one's cape, leave a pursuer with just one's cape," from L. → ex- "out" + L.L. cappa "mantle." Gorixtan, goriz- "to escape; to flee, run away;" Mid.Pers. virextan; Proto-Iranian *vi-raik, from vi- "apart, asunder" + *raik; Av. raek- "to leave, set free, let off;" Mid./Mod.Pers. reg/rig (in mordé-rig "inheritance"); Skt. ric- "to leave," rinakti "gives up, evacuates;" Gk. leipein "to leave;" L. linquere "to leave;" from PIE *linkw-, from *leikw- "to leave behind" (cf. Goth. leihvan; O.E. lænan "to lend;" O.H.G. lihan "to borrow;" O.N. lan "loan"). |
escape velocity tondâ-ye goriz Fr.: vitesse d'échapement The speed an object must attain in order to free itself from the gravitational influence of an astronomical body. It is the minimum velocity for the object to enter a parabolic trajectory. The escape velocity is given by: Ve = (2GM/r)1/2, where G is the → gravitational constant, M is the mass of the astronomical body, and r is its radius. The escape velocity of the Earth is about 11.2 km s-1 that of the Moon is 2.4 km s-1. The escape velocity from the Sun is about 618 km s-1, and the solar escape velocity from Earth's orbit is about 42.1 km s-1. |
ESPaDOnS ESPaDOnS Fr.: ESPaDOnS An advanced stellar → spectropolarimeter designed and built at the Observatoire Midi-Pyréenées and installed at the → Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). It can obtain a a complete optical spectrum, from 370 nm to 1050 nm, in a single exposure. Among its characteristics: resolving power 65 000 to 80 000; 12% peak throughput (telescope and detector included); continuum subtracted linear and circular polarization spectra of the stellar light (in polarimetric mode). ESPaDOnS is used to study a broad range of important problems in stellar physics: from → stellar magnetic fields to → accretion disks and → extrasolar planets; from inhomogeneities and differential rotation on stellar surfaces to activity cycles and magnetic braking; from microscopic diffusion to turbulence, convection, and circulation in stellar interiors; from abundances and pulsations in stellar atmospheres to stellar winds; from the early phases of stellar formation to the late stages of stellar evolution; from extended circumstellar environments to distant interstellar medium (Donati et al., 2006, Solar Polarization, ASP Conf. Series, 358, 362, eds. R. Casini, B. W. Lites). Short for Echelle Spectro-Polarimetric Device for the O bservation of Stars; → echelle; → spectro-; → polarimetric; → device; → observation; → star. |
establish nešâxtan, nešâzidan Fr.: établir 1) To found, institute, build, or bring into being on a firm or stable basis. From O.Fr. establiss-, stem of establir, from L. stabilire "make stable," from stabilis "firm, stable," literally "able to stand," from stare "to stand;" PIE base *sta- "to stand" (cf. Mod.Pers. istâdan "to stand;" O.Pers./Av. sta- "to stand, stand still; set;" Skt. sthâ- "to stand;" Gk. histemi "put, place, weigh;" stasis "a standing still;" Lith. statau "place;" Goth. standan; O.E. standan "to stand," stede "place"). Nešâxtan, nešâzidan "to establish; to fix in the ground, strengthen," from ne- "down, below," → ni-, + šâxtan, šâz-, variants of Mod./Mid.Pers. sâxtan, sâz- "to form, prepare, build, make," ultimately from Proto-Iranian *sac- "to fit, be suitable; to prepare." |
establishment nešâzeš Fr.: 1, 2, 3, 4) établissement; 4) les pouvoirs établis 1) The act or an instance of establishing. |
esteem 1) arj (#); 2) arj nehâdan Fr.: 1) estime; 2) estimer 1) Favorable opinion or judgment; respect or regard. M.E. estemen, from M.Fr. estimer, from L. aestimare "to value, determine the value of, appraise," → estimate. Arj "esteem, honor, dignity; price, worth, value," → credit. Arj nehâdan with nehâdan "to place, put," → position. |
estimable arjmand (#) Fr.: estimable, digne d'estime Worthy of esteem; deserving respect or admiration. Capable of being estimated (Dictionary.com). |
estimate 1) barâvard (#); 2) barâvardan (#), barâvard kardan (#) Fr.: 1) estimation; 2) estimer 1) Statistics: An indication of the value of an unknown quantity based
on observed data. From M.Fr. estimer, from L. æstimatus, p.p. of æstimare "to value, estimate." Barâvard from prefix bar- "on, upon, up," → on-, + âvard past stem of âvardan "to bring, to cause, to produce," → production; verb with infinitive suffix -dan and kardan "to do, make," → verb. |
estimation barâvari (#) Fr.: estimation Statistics: The process by which sample data are used to indicate the value of an unknown quantity in a population. Verbal noun of → estimate. |
estimator barâvar Fr.: estimateur Statistics: Any quantity calculated from the sample data which is used to give information about an unknown quantity in a population. For example, the sample mean is an estimator of the population mean. Agent noun of → estimate. |
estuary kešandân (#) Fr.: estuaire 1) That part of the mouth or lower course of a river in which the river's current
meets the sea's tide. From L. aestuarium "a tidal marsh, mud-beds covered by water at high tides; channel inland from the sea," from aestus "boiling (of the sea), tide, heat," from PIE *aidh- "to burn;" cognates: Gk aithein "to burn," Skt. inddhe "burst into flames," O.Irish aed "fire," O.H.G. eit "funeral pile." Kešandân, literally "site of tides," from kešand, → tide, + -ân a suffix of place and time. |
Eta Carinae Eta Afzal Fr.: Eta de la Carène The most luminous and the most extensively studied of → Luminous Blue Variables. Known also as HD 93308, it lies in the → Trumpler 16→ star cluster of the → Carina Nebula and is about 7,500 to 8,000 → light-years away. η Carina probably began its life as a → very massive star with an initial mass of about 150 → solar masses, and has a current estimated mass of about 90-100 solar masses. The difference has been lost in sudden giant eruptions in the past few thousand years. The so-called → Homunculus Nebula results from the mass ejection by η Carinae during its giant outburst around 1843 when it reached a magnitude of -1 and became the second brightest star in the southern sky. About 1880 it reached magnitude 7 and has remained at this level, although with fluctuations. The 1843 event ejected at least 12 solar masses of gas moving at speeds of up to 650 km s-1 with a kinetic energy of almost 1050 erg. The double-lobed remnant has a mass of about 2.5 solar masses. It is divided by a → torus of cold dust (110 K), about 5 → light-years in radius and 15 solar masses, which was ejected in an earlier event some 1000 years ago. There is strong evidence that η Carinae is a → binary system with a period of about 5.5 years and a projected separation less than 30 → astronomical units (about 0.013 arcsec). A colliding-wind binary is suggested by the → hard X-ray spectrum. The main component has an estimated → mass loss rate of 10-3 solar masses per year. Eta (η), Gk. letter of alphabet; the → Carina constellation. |
etch bâ tizâb kandan, ecidan Fr.: graver à eau forte 1) To cut, bite, or corrode with an acid or the like; engrave with an
acid or the like, as to form a design in furrows that when charged
with ink will give an impression on paper. From Du. etsen, from Ger. ätzen "to etch," from O.H.G. azzon "to cause to bite, feed," ultimately from PIE root *ed- "to eat;" cf. Av. ad- "to eat;" Mod.Pers. âš "thick brew, soup" (from O.Pers. *āšyā-, Proto-Ir. *HasH- "to eat"); Skt. ad- "to eat;" Gk. edo "I eat;" Lith. edu "I eat;" O.Irish ithim "I eat;" O.E. etan, O.H.G. essan, Ger. essen "to eat." Bâ tizâb kandan, literally "to dig with acid," from bâ "with," tizâb "acid," kandan "to dig;" ecidan, from E. etch, cognate with Pers. âš, as above. |
etching tizâb-kand, eceš Fr.: gravure à eau forte 1) The act or process of making designs or pictures on a metal plate,
glass, etc., by the corrosive action of an acid instead of by a
burin. Verbal noun of → etch. |
ethane etân (#) Fr.: éthane A colorless, odorless → hydrocarbon, C2H6, which occurs with → methane in natural gas. From eth-, from → ethyl, + -ane a suffix used in names of hydrocarbons of the methane or paraffin series. |
ethanol etanol (#) Fr.: éthanol An → alcohol having molecular formula C2H5OH. It is a colorless inflammable liquid with a characteristic odor. Ethanol is produced by fermentation of sugar: C6H12O6 → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2. It is the active constituent of alcoholic beverages. It is used as a fuel and as a solvent in the extraction of specific substances. It is also known as → ethyl alcohol. Ethanol in the → interstellar medium was first detected toward the → Sagittarius B2 molecular cloud at 82.265, 90.118, and 104.809 GHz (B. Zuckerman et al. 1975, ApJ 196, L99). Short for → ethyl alcohol. |
ether eter (#) Fr.: ether 1) Physics: A hypothetical medium filling all space formerly postulated to
account for the propagation of → electromagnetic radiation
through space. In order to facilitate description and to provide a physical explanation of
various phenomena involving action at a distance and electromagnetism, a medium
had been postulated with mechanical properties adjusted to provide a consistent theory.
In 1887 Michelson and Morley attempted to measure the motion of the Earth
through the ether. No such motion was detected. The
→ Michelson-Morley experiment has been repeated under
different conditions, but the hypothesis of a stationary ether through which the
Earth moves is not verified. From L. æther "the upper air, pure air," from Gk. aither "upper air," from aithein "to burn, shine." |
ether drag kerre-ye eter Fr.: entraînement de l'éther A hypothesis put forward to explain the null measurement of the → ether drift. According to this hypothesis, the Earth somehow drags the ether with it as our planet rotates on its axis and revolves around the Sun. However, the ether drag hypothesis contradicts results from several experiments, including the → aberration of starlight. |
ether drift delek-e eter Fr.: dérive de l'éther 1) The hypothetical motion of the supposed → ether relative to
the Earth. The → Michelson-Morley experiment found no
ether drift. An analogy is given by a boat drifting in a fast-flowing river due
to the river's current. With the same power, the speed would be slower
when sailing across the stream. Moreover, in order to reach
directly opposite the starting point, the boat would have to be headed
somewhat upstream. See also the → ether drag. |
ethno- qowm- (#) Fr.: ethno- A combining form meaning "race, culture, people." From Gk. ethnos "people, nation, class, tribe." Qowm- loan from Ar. qaum "people, tribe, family." |
<< < -es -iv -ti 21 a p abe abs abs aca acc acc acr act ada adh Adr aer AGB air Alf Alg all alp alt AM amo ana And ang ani ano Ant Ant apa apo app app Ara Arc ari Arr ash ass ast ast asy atm ato att aut ave axi Bab bal Bal bar bar bea Bek Bes bia Big bin bin bip biv bla bli blu Boh Bol Bos bou bra bri bro buo cal cal can cap car Car cat cat CCD Cen cen CH cha cha che Che chr cir cir cit cla clo clo clu Coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con Cop Cor cor cor cos cos cou cou Cow cre cri cro cry cur cya Cyg dan dar dat de- deb dec dec ded def deg del dem den dep des det dev dia dif dif dih dio Dir dis dis dis dis dis dis DO don dou dow dro dur dwa dyn Dys ear ebb ecl edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ esc eth Eur Eve exa exc exe exi exp exp ext ext ext fac fal far fed Fer fer fie fin fir fis fla flo flu fol for for fou fra fre Fre fro fut G-t gal gal gam gas Gau Gem gen geo geo geo gia Gli Gol gra gra gra gra gre gri gui H I Hag hal har hat He- hea hel Hel her Hes hie hig his hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyg hyp ice ide ima Ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv Io ion iro isl iso iso Jac jet jud jur Kel Kep kil Klo Kui Lag lam Lap Lar lat law lea len lep Lib lig lim lin lin Lio lit loc LOF lon Lor low lum lun Lup Lyo mac mag mag mag mag mag mai man Mar mas mas mat Max mea mec Meg Mer Mer met met Met mic Mid Mil min Mir mit mod mod mol mon Mor mou mul mul mys nan Nat nau nec neo neu nev New NGC no nom non non nor not nuc nuc num nut obj obs obs occ ocu oft ome Oor ope opp opt opt orb ord ori ort osc out ove oxi pai pan par par par par pas pea pen per per per per Per per pha phi pho pho pho phy pio Pla pla pla pla Pla plu Poi pol pol pol poo pos pos pot pra pre pre pre pre pri pri pro pro pro pro pro Pro pro pse pul pur qua qua qua qua que rac rad rad rad rad rad rad ran rar ray rea rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot Rus Sac sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec Sed sel Sel sen ser Sex Sha she sho sid sig sil sim sin siz sla Sma sno sof sol sol sol sol sou sou spa spa spe spe spe sph spi spi spr squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sto Str str str sub sub suc sun sup sup sup sup sur swa syn syn tab tar tek tem ter tes the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tis Too Tor tra tra Tra tra tra tri tri tru Tul tur two Typ ult un- und uni uni unk upp Urc utt val var vec vel ver vib vio vir vis voi vor wan wat wav wax wea Wei whi Wil win WN9 wor X-r yel you zer zod > >>