An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
explosion
  اسکفت   
oskaft

Fr.: explosion   

The sudden and violent release of mechanical, chemical, or nuclear energy from a confined space which creates a heat wave that travels at → subsonic speeds. → detonation; → deflagration; → implosion.

Verbal noun of → explode.

explosive
  ۱) اسکفتاک؛ ۲) اسکفتی، اسکفتنده   
1) oskaftâk; 2) oskafti, oskaftandé

Fr.: explosif   

1) (n.) A chemical or compound that causes a sudden, almost instantaneous release of pressure, gas, heat, and light when subjected to sudden shock, pressure, high temperature, or applied potential.
2) (adj.) Pertaining to or of the nature of an → explosion.

From explos(ion), → explosion + → -ive.

Oskaftâk, from oskaft-, stem of oskaftan, → explode, + -âk noun suffix.

explosive nucleosynthesis
  هسته اندایش ِ اسکفتی   
hasté andâyeš-e oskafti

Fr.: nucléosynthèse explosive   

The explosive processes that are believed to occur in supernovae. Explosive carbon burning occurs at a temperature of about 2 × 109 degrees and produces the nuclei from neon to silicon. Explosive oxygen burning occurs near 4 × 109 degrees and produces nuclei between silicon and calcium in atomic weight.At higher temperatures, still heavier nuclei are produced.

explosive; → nucleosynthesis.

explosivity
  اسکفتندگی   
oskaftandegi

Fr.: explosivité   

1) The state or quality of being explosive.
2) A measure of the extent to which a material is explosive.

explosive; → -ity.

exponent
  نما   
nemâ (#)

Fr.: exposant   

Math.: A symbol or number placed above and after another symbol or number (called the base) to denote the power to which the latter is to be raised. Examples: n in the expresseion an; 3 in the expression 23.

From L. exponentem, pr.p. of exponere "put forth, explain," from → ex- "forth" + ponere "to put, to place."

Nemâ, agent noun of nemudan "to show, display," from Mid.Pers. nimūdan, from ne- "down; into;" O.Pers./Av. ni- "down; into," → ni-, + mun, Av. māy- "to measure," → display.

exponential
  نمایی   
nemâyi (#)

Fr.: exponentiel   

Of or expressed by a mathematical → exponent. → exponential curve, → exponential equation, → exponential function.

exponent + -ial, variant of → -al.

exponential curve
  خم ِ نمایی   
xam-e nemâyi (#)

Fr.: courbe exponentielle   

A curve that represents an → exponential function.

exponential; → curve.

exponential equation
  هموگش ِ نمایی   
hamugeš-e nemâyi

Fr.: équation exponentielle   

An equation in which unknowns appear as exponents. Examples: 23x + 1 = 32.

exponential; → equation.

exponential function
  کریای ِ نمایی   
karyâ-ye nemâyi

Fr.: fonction exponentielle   

A function in the form of y = bx defined for every → real number x, with positive base b > 1.

exponential; → function.

exponentially
  نماییوار   
nemâyivâr

Fr.: exponentiellement   

In an exponential manner.

exponential; → -ly.

export
  ۱) اسبرتیدن؛ ۲) اسبرت   
1) osbartidan; osbart

Fr.: export   

1a) To ship (commodities) to other countries or places for sale, exchange, etc.
1b) Computers: To save (documents, data, etc.) in a → format usable by another → software program.
2) The act of exporting (Dictionary.com).

From L. exportare "to carry out, bring out; send away,," from → ex- "away" + portare "carry."

Osbart "carrying away," from os-, → ex-, + bart variant of bord, bordan "to carry" (such as in dialects of Varzaneh barte, Nâin barte, Xonsâr birt, Esfahân bärten); Mid.Pers. burdan; O.Pers./Av. bar- "to bear, carry," barəθre "to bear;" Skt. bharati "he carries;" Gk. pherein; L. fero "to carry;" PIE base *bher- "to carry."

expose
  ۱، ۲) اسنهادن؛ ۲) نور دادن   
1, 2) osnehâdan; 2) nur dâdan (#)

Fr.: exposer   

1) To reveal, make known, make visible.
2) In imaging, to subject, as to the action of light, or other electromagnetic radiations.

M.E. exposen, from O.Fr. exposer "lay open, set forth," from L. exponere "set forth, lay open, exhibit," with contamination from poser "to lay, place" (→ position). doublet of expound.

1) Osnehâdan, from os-, → ex-, + nehâdan "to put, place," → position.
2) nur dâdan, from nur, → light + dâdan "to give," Mid.Pers. dâdan "to give;" O.Pers./Av. dā- "to give, grant, yield," dadāiti "he gives;" cf. Skt. dadáti "he gives;" Gk. didomi "I give;" L. dare "to give, offer;" PIE base *do- "to give."

exposé
  اسنه   
osneh

Fr.: exposé   

A formal exposition of facts.

From Fr. exposé, p.p. of exposer, "to → expose."

Noun from osnehâdan, → expose.

exposition
  اسنهش   
osneheš

Fr.: exposition   

1) The act of setting forth information or a viewpoint.
2) Public exhibition or show.

Verbal noun of → expose.

exposure
  ۱) اسنهش؛ ۲) نورداد   
1) osneheš; 2) nurdâd

Fr.: pose, exposition   

1) The act of exposing; the fact or state of being exposed, → expose.
2) In optics, the total radiant energy incident on a surface per unit area. It is equal to the integral over time of the radiant flux density.

Verbal noun of → expose.

exposure meter
  اسنهش-سنج، نورداد-سنج   
osneheš-sanj, nurdâd-sanj

Fr.: posemètre   

In photography, an instrument used to measure the intensity of light from a scene to be photographed and to indicate the camera lens and shutter settings required to expose the film correctly.

exposure; → meter.

exposure time
  زمان ِ اسنهش، ~ نورداد   
zamân-e osneheš, ~ nurdâd

Fr.: temps de pose   

The length of time during which the receiver is irradiated.

exposure; → time.

express
  زهاویدن   
zohâvidan

Fr.: exprimer   

1) To transform ideas into words; utter or state.
2) Math: To → transform into equivalent → terms. For example by → expanding or → factorizing an → expression. See also → suppress, → impress.

M.E. expressen, O.Fr. espresser "to press, squeeze out; speak one's mind," M.L. expressare, frequentative of exprimere "represent, describe," literally "to press out," from → ex- "out" + pressare "to press, push," from L. premere "to press, hold fast, cover, compress."

Zohâvidan, from zo- variant of os- "out," → ex-, + hâv, from Av. hau- "to press, squeeze out;" cf. Mid.Pers. hunîdan "to express, extract (juice)," hâwan "mortar;" akin to Skt. sav- "to press, press out;" O.H.G. sou, O.E. sēaw "juice;" + -idan infinitive suffix.

expression
  زهاوش   
zohâveš

Fr.: expression   

1) The act or an instance of expressing.
2) Math.: A statement using mathematical quantities such as → scalars, → variables, → parameters, → functions, and → sets, as well as → relational and → logical  → operators such as → equality, → conjunction, → existence, → union, etc. (Steven. G. Krantz, ed., Dictionary of Algebra, Arithmetic, and Trigonometry, 2001).

express; → -tion.

extend
  استنیدن   
ostanidan (#)

Fr.: étendre   

To stretch out; draw out to the full length; to enlarge the scope of; to increase the length or duration of.

From O.Fr. estendre, from L. extendere "stretch out," from → ex- "out" + tendere "to stretch," see below.

Ostanidan, from os-, → ex- + tanidan as in Av. ustāna- "stretched out" (ustāna-zasta- "with outstretched hands"), cf. Skt. uttāná- "stretched out, spread out." Mod.Pers. tanidan "to spin, twist, weave;" Mid.Pers. tanitan, from Av. tan- to stretch, extend;" cf. Skt. tan- to stretch, extend," tanoti "stretches," tantram "loom;" Gk. teinein "to stretch, pull tight;" L. tendere "to stretch;" PIE base *ten- "to stretch."


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