An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
radiation field
  میدان ِ تابش   
meydân-e tâbeš

Fr.: champ de rayonnement   

1) The portion of an → electromagnetic field outside the → induction field where there is a power flow of both → magnetic and → electric components in a well-defined relationship.
2) → interstellar radiation field

radiation; → field.

radiation length
  درازای ِ تابش   
derâzâ-ye tâbeš

Fr.: longueur de rayonnement   

The mean distance traveled by a photon or particle in a given medium before its energy is reduced by a factor e due to its interaction with matter.

radiation; → length.

radiation pattern
  الگو‌ی ِ تابش   
olgu-ye tâbeš

Fr.: diagramme de rayonnement   

Same as → antenna pattern.

radiation; → pattern.

radiation pressure
  فشار ِ تابش   
fešâr-e tâbeš

Fr.: pression de radiation   

The → momentum carried by → photons to a surface exposed to → electromagnetic radiation. Stellar radiation pressure on big and massive objects is insignificant, but it has considerable effects on → gas and → dust particles. Radiation pressure is particularly important for → massive stars. See, for example, → Eddington limit, → radiation-driven wind , and → radiation-driven implosion. The → solar radiation pressure is also at the origin of various physical phenomena, e.g. → gas tails in → comets and → Poynting-Robertson effect.

radiation; → pressure.

radiation sickness
  بیماری ِ تابشی   
bimâri-ye tâbeši

Fr.: mal des rayons   

An illness resulting from excessive exposure to ionizing radiation. The earliest symptoms are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, which may be followed by loss of hair, hemorrhage, inflammation of the mouth and throat, and general loss of energy.

radiation; sickness, M.E. siknesse, seknesse; O.E. sēocnesse, from seoc + suffix -ness.

Bimâri "sickness, infirmity, disease," from bimâr "sick, infirm, afflicted;" Mid.Pers. vêmâr "sick, ill;" maybe by corruption of Proto-Iranian *amavayā-bara- "bearing illness;" cf. Av. amavayā- "pain, suffering, affliction;" Skt. ámīvā- "pain, grief, distress" + *bara- "bearing;" cf. Av. bar- "to bear, carry;" Mod.Pers. bar-, bordan "to bear, carry, lead." Alternatively, from *vi-mar-, prefixed *mar- "to die;" cf. Av. mar- "to die;" Mod.Pers. mir-, mordan "to die;" Skt. mar- "to die;" cognate with Gk. emorten "died;" L. morior "to die;" tâbeši related to tâbeš, → radiation.

radiation spectrum
  بیناب ِ تابش   
binâb-e tâbeš

Fr.: spectre de rayonnement   

The components of radiation arranged in order of their wavelengths, frequencies, or quantum energies. For particle radiation they are arranged in order of their kinetic energies.

radiation; → spectrum.

radiation temperature
  دمای ِ تابش   
damâ-ye tâbeš

Fr.: température de rayonnement   

The temperature of a source calculated assuming that it behaves as a → blackbody that radiates with the same intensity at the same frequency. Compared to the → effective temperature, the radiation temperature is measured over a narrow region of the → electromagnetic spectrum.

radiation; → temperature.

radiation transfer
  تراواژ ِ تابش   
tarâvâž-e tâbeš

Fr.: transfert radiatif, ~ de rayonnement   

radiative transfer.

radiation; → transfer.

radiation transfer equation
  هموگش ِ تراواژ ِ تابش   
hamugeš-e tarâvâž-e tâbeš

Fr.: équation de transfert radiatif, ~ de rayonnement   

radiative transfer equation.

radiation; → transfer; → equation.

radiation-dominated Universe
  گیتی ِ تابش‌چیره   
giti-ye tâbeš-ciré

Fr.: Univers dominé par le rayonnement   

An early epoch in the history of the → Universe when the radiation → density parameter was Ωr≈ 1, while other density parameters had negligible contributions. A radiation-dominated Universe is characterized by R/R0 ∝ t1/2, where R is the → cosmic scale factor and t is time. According to the → Big Bang model, the radiation-dominated phase was followed by the → matter-dominated phase.

radiation; → dominate; → Universe.

radiation-driven implosion (RDI)
  فروکفت از راه ِ تابش   
forukaft az râh-e tâbeš

Fr.: implosion induit par rayonnement   

A hydrodynamic process occurring in star forming regions where a neutral cloud (→ clump) is subjected to the intense ultraviolet radiation of a newly-born → massive star. The gas within the layer exposed to the radiation is ionized and forms an → ionization front at the front surface. The increased pressure due to temperature rise at the top layer drives an → isothermal  → shock front into the clump, which compresses the neutral gas ahead of it, below the surface. A density → gradient builds up leading rapidly to the formation of a condensed core. With further concentration of the gas, the hydrogen density in the center of the core increases drastically, reaching 108 cm-3 about 4 x 105 years after the first impact of the ionizing radiation on the clump, according to current models (e.g. Bertoldi 1989, ApJ 346, 735; Miao et al. 2006, MNRAS 369, 143, and references therein). The core can develop further to form a → cometary globule or → collapse under its self-gravity, eventually giving rise to new → low-mass stars (→ triggered star formation). In the process, the whole clump accelerates away from the initial ionizing star. Indeed, the gas evaporated off the side of the clump facing the ionizing star can create a rocket effect accelerating the clump away from the star (with a velocity of up to 5 km s-1), while losing part of its initial mass.

radiation; driven, p.p. of → drive; → implosion.

radiation-driven mass loss
  دسترفت ِ جرم از راه ِ باد ِ تابشی   
dastraft-e jerm az râh-e bâd-e tâbeši

Fr.: perte de masse par vent radiatif   

The → mass loss experienced by a → massive star due to the effect of → radiation-driven wind.

radiation; driven, p.p. of → drive; → mass; → loss.

radiation-driven wind
  باد ِ تابشی، ~ تابش‌زاد   
bâd-e tâbeši, ~ tâbešzâd

Fr.: vent radiatif   

The loss of matter from the → photosphere due to the acceleration imparted to the outer layers of the star by photons created inside the star. The coupling between radiation and matter creates a → radiative acceleration that may exceed the → gravity. This mechanism is particularly important in → massive stars, since the luminosity is high and therefore the number of energetic ultraviolet photons important. Same as → line-driven wind.

radiation; → drive; → wind.

radiationless relaxation
  واهلش ِ بی‌تابش   
vâhaleš-e bitâbeš

Fr.: relaxation sans rayonnement   

A process in which a molecule relaxes without emitting a → photon.

radiation; → -less; → relaxation.

radiative
  تابشی   
tâbešisi (#)

Fr.: radiatif   

Of or pertaining to radiation.

Adjective of → radiation.

radiative acceleration
  شتاب ِ تابشی   
šetâb-e tâbeši

Fr.: accélération radiative   

The acceleration imparted to matter by → radiation pressure.

radiative; → acceleration.

radiative braking
  لگامش ِ تابشی   
legâmeš-e tâbeši

Fr.: freinage radiatif   

The slowing down of a star's rotation due to radiative momentum transfer caused by emission of electromagnetic radiation.

radiative; → braking.

radiative capture
  گیراُفت ِ تابشی، گیر‌اندازی ِ ~   
gir-oft-e tâbeši, gir-andâzi-ye ~

Fr.: capture radiative   

Capture of a free electron by an ion with the subsequent emission of photons; also called → radiative recombination.

radiative; → capture.

radiative collision
  همکوبش ِ تابشی   
hamkubeš-e tâbeši

Fr.: collision radiative   

A collision between charged particles in which part of the kinetic energy is converted into electromagnetic radiation.

radiative; → collision.

radiative cooling
  سردش ِ تابشی   
serdeš-e tâbeši

Fr.: refroidissement radiatif   

The process by which temperature decreases due to an excess of emitted radiation over absorbed radiation.

radiative; → cooling.


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<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>