An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

In → predicate logic, a variable which represents an unspecified → subject. Individual variables work just as do variables in algebra, they stand in for a value, but have no fixed value of their own. They are represented by lower case letters taken from the end of the alphabet x, y, z; and if additional variables are needed by u, v, w, as well.

→ individual; → variable.

1) A social theory advocating the liberty, rights, or independent action of the individual (Dictionary.com).
2) An individual peculiarity.

→ individual; → -ism.

1) A person who shows great independence or individuality in thought or action (Dictionary.com).
2) An advocate of → individualism (Dictionary.com).

→ individual; → -ist.

The particular character, or aggregate of qualities, that distinguishes one person or thing from others (Dictionary.com).

→ individual; → -ity.

The process or state of discriminating the individual from the generic group or species.

→ individualize; → -tion.

To make individual or distinctive; give an individual or distinctive character to (Dictionary.com).

→ individual; → -ize.

To cause or initiate by influence or some means; e.g. → induced current; → induced emission.

Induce, "to lead by persuasions or other influences," from L. inducere "to lead into, persuade," from → in- "in" + ducere "to lead," from PIE *deuk- "to lead" (cf. O.E. togian "to pull, drag," O.H.G. ziohan "to pull").

Darhâxtan, darhâzidan, from dar- "in" + Mid.Pers. hâxtan, hâzidan, "to lead, guide, persuade;" Av. hak-, hacaiti "to attach oneself to, to join;" cf. Skt. sacate "accompanies, follows;" Gk. hepesthai "to follow,"; L. sequi "to follow;" PIE *sek^w- "to follow."

Brought about or caused by → induction.

Induced, p.p. of → induce.

Current resulting from the relative motion of a conductor through a magnetic field.

→ induced ; → current.

An electric field created by the variation of a magnetic field. The induced electric field lines are usually perpendicular to the changing magnetic field that produces them.

→ induced; → electric; → field.

The emission of radiation from an atom when it is bombarded by photons. The induced radiation has the same wavelength and direction as the bombarding radiation. Same as → stimulated emission.

→ induced; → emission.

Fission which takes place when a nucleon is bombarded with neutrons or high-energy radiation (gamma rays).

Induced, p.p. of → induce; → fission.

The property of an electric circuit, or of two neighboring circuits, by virtue of which an electromotive force is induced in one circuit by a change of current in either of them.

Inductance, from induct, from L. inductus, p.p. of → induce + → -ance.

1) General: The act of inducing, bringing about, or causing.
2) Electromagnetism: A common term for the process by which a body having electric or magnetic properties produces magnetism, an electric charge, or an → electromotive force in a neighboring body without contact. For more details, see → electromagnetic induction; → electrostatic induction; → magnetic induction.
3) Math.: A method of mathematical proof typically used to establish that a given statement is true of all natural numbers. It is done by proving that the first statement in the infinite sequence of statements is true, and then proving that if any one statement in the infinite sequence of statements is true, then so is the next one.
4) Logic: Any form of reasoning in which the conclusion, though supported by the premises, does not follow from them necessarily. → inductive reasoning.

Verbal noun of → induce.

A device for producing high-voltage pulses by means of → electromagnetic induction. It consists of a primary coil of a few turns of wire, wound on an iron core, and insulated from a secondary coil of many turns which surrounds it coaxially. The current in the primary, which is interrupted periodically, sets up a magnetic field, first big, then zero. This changing field induces a large voltage in the secondary.

→ induction; → coil.

In magnetohydrodynamics, an equation that describes the transport of plasma and magnetic field lines over time:
∂B/∂t = ∇ x (v x B) + η∇²B,
where B is the → magnetic induction, v is the plasma velocity, and η = (μσ)^-1 the → magnetic diffusivity. The first term on the right side represents → magnetic advection and the second term → magnetic diffusion. The induction equation can also be expressed as:
∂B/∂t = -(v.∇)B + (B.∇)v - B(∇.v),
where the terms of the right-hand side stand for advection, stretching, and compression, respectively. Among these terms, net increase of the field can be done only through the stretching and compression.

→ induction; → equation.

A component of an electromagnetic field which is the region close to the source (an antenna) where steady-state magnetic and electrostatic forces can be detected. → radiation field.

→ induction; → field.

Of, relating to, or using → induction. induction

From induct, → induce, + → -ive.

Reasoning from detailed facts to general principles.

→ deductive; → reasoning.

A coil of wire used to introduce inductance into an electric circuit.

Agent noun of → induce.